Complete oxidation of ammonia nitrogen (~1000 mg/L) to nitrite was observed in stabilized swine waste after 49 days in incubation at 400 rpm and 29 °C, only if 10% (v/v) activated sludge from a wastewater treatment unit and 1.5% (w/v) CaCO3, were added. Stabilized swine waste contains less than 0.09 most probable number (MPN) per millilitre of nitrosobacteria and 2.3 MPN/mL of nitrobacteria. In activated sludge, the concentrations of these bacteria were 2.4 MPN/mL for nitrosobacteria and 4.2 × 105 MPN/mL for nitrobacteria. In the swine waste where ammonia was oxidized to nitrite, the nitrosobacteria growth increased to 5.5 × 105 MPN/mL, while the nitrobacteria growth decreased to 2.3 MPN/mL. Inoculation of a freshly stabilized swine waste with 10% (v/v) of the active nitrifying waste and addition of 1.5% (w/v) CaCO3, accelerated the oxidation of ammonia nitrogen to nitrite; the reaction was completed after only 5 days of incubation. Increasing the incubation period to 10 days resulted in the complete oxidation of the accumulated nitrite to nitrate. In the stabilized swine waste, complete nitrification without accumulation of nitrite was obtained in only 5 days of incubation when the waste was inoculated with both enriched nitrifying populations (106–107 MPN/mL). Key words: nitrifying microorganisms, swine waste, nitrification, most probable number.
Nitrification performance evaluation of activated sludge under high potassium ion stress during high-ammonia nitrogen organic wastewater treatment
