Determination of serum fPLI concentrations in cats with diabetes mellitus

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 480-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaiza Forcada ◽  
Alexander J. German ◽  
Peter J.M. Noble ◽  
Joerg M. Steiner ◽  
Jan S. Suchodolski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Poor Control ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Weak Association ◽  
Serum Fructosamine

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common feline endocrinopathies. Pancreatitis is a reported cause for poor control of DM in cats; however, its prevalence in diabetic cats is unknown. Measurement of serum feline pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (fPLI) has been proposed as a sensitive and specific test for the detection of pancreatitis in cats. The aim of this study was to assess fPLI concentrations in diabetic cats and compare these with non-diabetic cats of similar age. Samples from 29 cats with DM and 23 non-diabetic cats were analysed. Serum fPLI concentrations were significantly higher in samples from diabetic cats ( P<0.01). A weak association was found between serum fructosamine and fPLI concentrations ( R2=0.355, P=0.015), but there was no association between fPLI concentrations and the degree of diabetic control. There were no significant differences in reported clinical signs between cats with or without DM regardless of serum fPLI concentration. This is the first study to demonstrate elevated serum fPLI concentrations in cats with DM, suggesting that pancreatitis could be a significant comorbidity in these cats.

scholarly journals A new, Modern, COST-Saving micro/macro method for the determination of serum fructosamine

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klára Oppel ◽  
L. Bárdos ◽  
A. Ferencz ◽  
Hajnalka Lakner ◽  
Judit Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Human Blood Plasma ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Serum Fructosamine ◽  
One Year ◽  
Manual Test

Serum/plasma fructosamine (SeFa) concentration is a reliable indicator used in human diabetic control. Tests for monitoring the carbohydrate/energy metabolism of (farm) animals are less commonly performed in veterinary laboratories, since most of the reliable determinations, both automated and manual, are relatively expensive. The aim of this study was to develop a precise, money- (and time-) saving automated micro method for measuring SeFa. ELISA microplates (20 µL samples and 200 µL reagents) and an automatic microplate autoreader were used. The classical nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) stain reagent solution of Johnson et al. (1982) was modified using a SIGMA reagent to render it stable for up to one year. SeFa concentrations measured by the new method in 30 human blood plasma samples were compared with values obtained by the standard (generally used) LaRoche kit procedure. Fifteen cow, 13 dog and 18 chicken plasma samples were assayed by the new automated ‘micro’ method as well as by the manual test tube ‘macro’ method commonly used earlier. The modified reagent was applied for both methods. The coefficient of correlation (r) between the results obtained by the two methods was consistently between 0.94 and 0.98 (p < 0.001).

Efficacy of plasma ß-hydroxybutyrate concentration as a marker for diabetes mellitus in acutely sick cats

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Zeugswetter ◽  
Stephanie Handl ◽  
Christine Iben ◽  
Ilse Schwendenwein
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Dipstick Test ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Work Up

Urine ketone measurement is routinely performed in cats with diabetes mellitus to identify impending or established ketoacidosis. Studies using the urinary ketone dipstick test have shown that ketonuria is common in cats with newly diagnosed untreated diabetes mellitus. This test has a low sensitivity as it quantifies the less abundant ketone acetoacetate. The objective of the present study was to determine if ketonaemia is an inherent biochemical finding in untreated feline diabetes mellitus by measuring plasma ß-hydroxybutyrate (ß-OHB) in acutely sick cats. In 122 sick cats (37 diabetic and 85 non-diabetic cats) plasma ß-OHB, glucose, fructosamine, total protein and thyroxine were measured as part of the routine work up. Diabetic cats had significantly elevated ß-OHB values and ß-OHB measurement was a sensitive and specific test to identify diabetes mellitus. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.93. The cut off value with the highest positive likelihood ratio was 0.58 mmol/l. These results suggest that determination of plasma ß-OHB concentration is a useful method to distinguish between diabetic and non-diabetic sick cats.

scholarly journals A comparative evaluation of blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin in clinically manifested diabetic neuropathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Md. Mubasheer Ali ◽  
Ahmed Mohiuddin
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Of Diabetes

Background: It is very well established that tight control of diabetes reduces if not prevents the risk of neuropathy.  The benefit of other mode of therapy like myo- inositol supplementation and aldose reductase inhibitors remain to be established. Objective of present study to compare blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin in clinically manifested diabetic neuropathy.Methods: Hospital based cross sectional study was carried out at Department of General Medicine, from August 2016 to October 2017 among 60 patients of diabetic neuropathy. These patients were subjected thorough evaluation as per the proforma.Results: As per the blood sugar levels, 15% were normal. As per glycosylated hemoglobin levels, only one patient was found to be normal. Thus, glycosylated hemoglobin showed evidence of poor control more frequently than blood sugar estimation in these patients. Patients with both retinopathy and neuropathy in this study had diabetes mellitus for periods 2 months to 20 years.  (Mean 8.2yrs).  Thus, it can be seen that glycosylated hemoglobin is a more sensitive indicator of poor control of diabetes mellitus than blood sugar. This difference is statistically significant (P <0.05).Conclusions: Thus, as an integral of diabetic control, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) estimation is superior to the conventional measures in assessment of control.

Insulin glargine 300 U/ml for the treatment of feline diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2110130
Author(s):  
Guido Linari ◽  
Linda Fleeman ◽  
Chen Gilor ◽  
Lucia Giacomelli ◽  
Federico Fracassi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Glargine ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Efficacy Evaluation ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Serum Fructosamine ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

Objectives The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/ml (IGla-U300) in cats with variable duration of diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods Thirteen client-owned cats with DM completed a prospective clinical trial. Four cats were highly suspected of hypersomatotropism and excluded from the insulin efficacy evaluation. All cats were treated with IGla-U300 SC at a starting dosage of 0.5 U/kg q12h and fed with a low carbohydrate diet. Cats were monitored for 8 weeks with a once-weekly at-home 16 h blood glucose curve (BGC) and a questionnaire evaluating the presence of DM-related clinical signs. In-clinic evaluations, including serum fructosamine measurement, were scheduled within 3 days of the first, third, sixth and eighth BGC. Glycemic variability was assessed by calculating the SD of each BGC. Results Excluding four cats suspected of hypersomatotropism, at the time of the eighth BGC, improved or absent polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss, lethargy and improved or normal general demeanor were reported in 8/9 (88%), 8/9 (88%), 7/9 (77%), 7/9 (77%), 7/9 (77%) and 8/9 (88%) cats, respectively. Two cats achieved remission after 29 and 53 days. Another two cats went into remission after the end of the study (days 82 and 96). All cats that achieved remission were newly diagnosed diabetics. Median (range) serum fructosamine concentration significantly decreased when comparing the time of enrollment (604 [457–683] µmol/l) with the eighth week of treatment (366 [220–738] µmol/l) ( P = 0.02). In all 13 cats, biochemical hypoglycemia (blood glucose <60 mg/dl; <3.3 mmol/l) was detected in 13/104 (12.5%) BGCs, while clinical signs suggesting hypoglycemic episodes were not reported. Glycemic variability was significantly lower at the fifth BGC when comparing cats that achieved remission with cats that did not achieve remission ( P = 0.02). Conclusions and relevance IGla-U300 seems effective and safe for the treatment of feline diabetes, but more long- term and comparative clinical trials are needed.

Diabetes Mellitus and Bilateral Cataracts in a Kitten

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
SI Thoresen ◽  
E Bjerkås ◽  
M Aleksandersen ◽  
RL Peiffer
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
General Condition ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Serum Fructosamine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diagnosis Of Diabetes Mellitus

An 18-week-old male domestic long-hair kitten was presented with a history of polyuria and polydipsia for several weeks. The general condition was unremarkable, but the kitten was considerably smaller than expected for the age and showed cataracts in both eyes. Serum glucose concentrations were persistently elevated and based on clinical findings and an elevated serum fructosamine concentration, a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus was established. Diabetes mellitus is not commonly diagnosed in young kittens, nor are cataracts recognised as a frequent feature of this disease in cats. The cataracts progressed in spite of the insulin therapy and the kitten was euthanised 10 weeks after referral. Histopathological examination of the pancreas revealed few and small islets of Langerhans compared to the examination of pancreas from a healthy kitten of the same age. Histopathological changes in the eyes included cataracts affecting both cortex and nucleus.

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus remission in a cat with hyperadrenocorticism after cabergoline treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511692110298
Author(s):  
Diego D Miceli ◽  
Gabriela S Zelarayán ◽  
Jorge D García ◽  
Viviana Fernández ◽  
Sergio Ferraris
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Serum Fructosamine ◽  
Suppression Test ◽  
Normal Urine ◽  
Dexamethasone Suppression

Case summary A 7-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat weighing 5 kg was referred with polyuria, polydipsia, lethargy, abdominal distension and dermatologic abnormalities. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed and treatment was started with a diet for diabetic cats and insulin glargine (1 IU q12h SC). Hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) was suspected and diagnosed based on clinical signs, increased urinary cortisol:creatinine ratio, lack of suppression on low-dose dexamethasone suppression test and abdominal ultrasonography demonstrating bilateral adrenal enlargement. Oral cabergoline (10 μg/kg every other day) was initiated. After the second administration of cabergoline, the cat suffered from clinical hypoglycemia and no longer required insulin. One month after insulin withdrawal, blood work and urine analysis results showed normoglycemia, a normal serum fructosamine concentration (244 μmol/l) and normal urine analysis without glycosuria. Diabetic remission persisted until its death 7 months later. In addition, cabergoline treatment was associated with improvement in clinical signs such as lethargy, seborrhea, alopecia and abdominal distension. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of the use of cabergoline in a cat with HAC, as well as the first reported case of diabetic remission in a cat with HAC after cabergoline treatment. Cabergoline could be an alternative treatment for diabetic cats with pituitary-dependent HAC. Further work should focus on different protocols with greater number of cases.

High HBA1C Level Is Associated With Low Heamoglobin Level

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mafooza Rashid ◽  
B. K. Gupta, Vinay Bharat ◽  
Abhishek Gupta ◽  
Zubair Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Hba1c ◽  
Normal Controls

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the hemoglobin levels among normal controls (patients) and patients of TypeII diabetes with HbA1c levels below 7 % & above 7 %.and secondly to identify the undetected cases of anemia in TypeII diabetes. Materials & Methods - 50 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with their glycosylated hemoglobin levels less than 7 %, 50 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with their glycosylated hemoglobin levels more than 7 % attending the Medicine outpatient department of Subharti Medical College and Hospital will be the subjects for the study.50 age and sex matched controls will be selected randomly from Subharti Medical College and Hospital. Informed written consent will be taken from all the subjects. The study will be conducted from January 2016 to January. Result - We studied 50 cases with HbA1C>7(poor control),50 cases with HbA1C 5.6 to7 (good control) and 50 controls with HbA1C ≤5.6, we observed in cases with HbA1C>7 (poorly control) ,the mean HbA1C is 9.9±2 and mean Hb is 9.8±1.3 as compared to cases with HbA1C 5.6 to 7(good control) where mean HbA1C is 6±0.4 and Hb is 13±0.5,this clearly indicates that in cases HbA1C is more Hb levels are low and when HbA1C is less Hb levels are higher. Conclusion - In the present study we found negative correlation between HbA1c & Hb levels. As the value of HbA1c increases, as in cases of HbA1c >7(poor diabetic control), we found low Hb levels as compared to the cases with HbA1c <7(5.6-7) (good control).

Serum fructosamine in the assessment of glycaemic control in diabetes mellitus

1987 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Koskinen ◽  
K. Irjala ◽  
J. Viikari ◽  
R. Panula-Ontto ◽  
M. -T. Matikainen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Serum Fructosamine

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus - Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity and Mortality

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
Tatyana Chalakova ◽  
Yoto Yotov ◽  
Kaloyan Tzotchev ◽  
Sonya Galcheva ◽  
Boyan Balev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Macrovascular Complications ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Risk

: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease that starts early in life and often leads to micro- and macrovascular complications. The incidence of the disease is lower than that of type 2 DM and varies in different countries and ethnic groups, and the etiological and pathogenetic factors are different from T2DM. The aim of this overview is to investigate the effect of T1DM on all-cause mortality and CVD morbidity and mortality. During the last decades, the treatment of T1DM has improved the prognosis of the patients. Still, the mortality rates are higher than those of the age- and sex-matched general population. With the prolonged survival, the macrovascular complications and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) appear as major health problems in the management of patients with T1DM. The studies on the CVD morbidity and mortality in this disease group are sparse, but they reveal that T1DM is associated with at least 30% higher mortality. In comparison to healthy people, CVDs are more common in T1DM patients and they occur earlier in life. : Furthermore, they are a major cause for death and impaired quality of life in T1DM patients. The correlation between diabetic control and the duration of T1DM is not always present or is insignificant. Nevertheless, the early detection of the preclinical stages of the diseases and the risk factors for their development is important; similarly, the efforts to improve glycemic and metabolic control are of paramount importance.

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