Geochemical evidence for the nonexistence of supercritical geothermal fluids at the Yangbajing geothermal field, southern Tibet

This study defines reasonable reservoir temperatures and cooling processes of subsurface geothermal fluids in the Chabu high-temperature geothermal system. This system lies in the south-central part of the Shenzha-Xietongmen hydrothermal active belt and develops an extensive sinter platform with various and intense hydrothermal manifestations. All the geothermal spring samples collected systematically from the sinter platform are divided into three groups by cluster analysis of major elements. Samples of group 1 and group 3 are distributed in the central part and northern periphery of the sinter platform, respectively, while samples of group 2 are scattered in the transitional zone between groups 1 and 3. The hydrochemical characteristics show that the geothermal waters of the research area have generally mixed with shallow cooler waters in reservoirs. The reasonable reservoir temperatures and the mixing processes of the subsurface geothermal fluids could be speculated by combining the hydrochemical characteristics of geothermal springs, calculated results of the chemical geothermometers, and silica-enthalpy mixing models. Contour maps are applied to measured emerging temperatures, mass flow rates, total dissolved solids of spring samples, and reasonable subsurface temperatures. They indicate that the major cooling processes of the subsurface geothermal fluids gradually transform from adiabatic boiling to conduction from the central part to the peripheral belt. The geothermal reservoir temperatures also show an increasing trend. The point with the highest reservoir temperature (256°C) appears in the east-central part of the research area, which might be the main up-flow zone. The cooling processes of the subsurface geothermal fluids in the research area can be shown on an enthalpy-chloride plot. The deep parent fluid for the Chabu geothermal field has a Cl− concentration of 290 mg/L and an enthalpy of 1550 J/g (with a water temperature of 369°C).

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Hydrochemical characteristics and genesis analysis of geothermal fluid in the Zhaxikang geothermal field in Cuona County, southern Tibet

Environmental Earth Sciences ◽

10.1007/s12665-021-09577-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Yingchun Wang ◽

Hongyu Gu ◽

Dan Li ◽

Min Lyu ◽

Lianghua Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Geothermal Field ◽

Hydrochemical Characteristics ◽

Southern Tibet ◽

Geothermal Fluid

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ANALISIS KONDISI RESERVOIR PANAS BUMI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN DATA GEOKIMIA DAN MONITORING PRODUKSI SUMUR ELS-02 LAPANGAN ELSA

PETRO ◽

10.25105/petro.v8i4.6214 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 194

Author(s):

Nabilla Elsaphira Putri ◽

Onnie Ridaliani ◽

Widia Yanti

Keyword(s):

Chloride Concentration ◽

Reservoir Management ◽

Calcium Sulphate ◽

Geothermal Field ◽

Carbonate Concentration ◽

Enthalpy Changes ◽

Geothermal Fluids ◽

Time Problem ◽

Concentration Changes

A good reservoir management is needed to maintain the availability and quality of geothermal production fluid. When producing geothermal fluids, there are some changes in reservoir parameters such as declining of reservoir pressure and temperature, chemical composition of geothermal fluids, and states of fluid that would affect the quality of reservoir by mixing, boiling, or cooling processes that may be happened because of those changes. It is becoming a concern on reservoir management. In this case, chemical concentrations of fluids monitoring is one of methods that can perform to reach a well reservoir management of geothermal field. With chemical monitoring process, current reservoir condition and processes that occurred during exploitation can be defined. In ELS-02 by monitoring and analyzing its enthalpy changes, chloride concentration changes, and NCG concentration changes and supported by its calcium, sulphate, and carbonate concentration profile, two processes could be defined: mixing with surface cooler water and reinjection breakthrough. Other than that, casing leak that causing surface water enter the well could be detected. These become a sign to reservoir engineer to prepare for problems that may occur in near time term relating to well problem such as scaling and long time problem like massive cooling or drying of reservoir. After all, further development scenario of Elsa field can be made to improve its performance in producing fluids and heats.

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Measurements of the density, speed of sound, viscosity and derived thermodynamic properties of geothermal fluids from south Russia Geothermal Field. Part II

Applied Geochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.04.003 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 69 ◽

pp. 28-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ilmutdin M. Abdulagatov ◽

Lala A. Akhmedova-Azizova ◽

Rasul M. Aliev ◽

Gasan B. Badavov

Keyword(s):

Thermodynamic Properties ◽

Speed Of Sound ◽

Geothermal Field ◽

Geothermal Fluids

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Magmatic origin of geothermal fluids constrained by geochemical evidence: implications for the heat source in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau

Journal of Hydrology ◽

10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126985 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 126985

Author(s):

Sheng Pan ◽

Yanlong Kong ◽

Ke Wang ◽

Yaqian Ren ◽

Zhonghe Pang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Heat Source ◽

Magmatic Origin ◽

Geochemical Evidence ◽

Geothermal Fluids ◽

Northeastern Tibetan Plateau

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Petrological and geochemical evidence for the origin of the Yarlung Zangbo ophiolites, southern Tibet

Chemical Geology ◽

10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.10.004 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 214 (3-4) ◽

pp. 265-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 92

Author(s):

V. Dubois-Côté ◽

R. Hébert ◽

C. Dupuis ◽

C.S. Wang ◽

Y.L. Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Southern Tibet ◽

Geochemical Evidence

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Geochemistry of geothermal fluids in Moil Valley geothermal field, NW Iran

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-4125 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rahim Masoumi ◽

Farahnaz Bakhshandeh GharehTapeh ◽

Bahman Bakhshandeh GharehTapeh

Keyword(s):

Hot Springs ◽

Ph Value ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Geothermal Field ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Main Role ◽

Nw Iran ◽

Geothermal Fluids ◽

D Values ◽

Sabalan Volcano

The Moil valley geothermal field is located in the northwest of Sabalan volcano in the northwest of Iran. The geothermal activities attributed to the Sabalan volcano was intensified during Plio-Quaternary time and the manifestations of these activities are observable around the volcano especially in the northwestern corner. The hot springs, surficial manifestations, and extracted fluids from drilled wells represent the whole composition of underground reservoir fluids. The thermal measurement of fluids show wide ranges of temperature of fluids where the hottest spring show 89&#730;C and the fluids obtained from well samplings show maximum temperature of 202&#730;C.&#160;&#160;The reservoir temperature estimations based on different geothermometers show 250&#730;C for the reservoir. The interpretation of carried out chemical analyses represent Na-K-Cl dominant composition for the studies samples taken from hot springs and drilled wells. All of sampling stations show pH ranges of 4.2-7.6 which reveal acidic to neutral pH range. The variation of TDS for the studied samples ranges between 209 to 320 mg/L. The evaluation of correlation coefficients between main parameters gives notable results. The positive and good correlation coefficient between temperature and Cl is obvious in most of samples and consequently the Cl content of samples increases in high temperature samples.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Boron as a key constituent in geothermal fluids show variable concentrations in Moil Valley geothermal fluids and shows 0.28-35 mg/L Boron content in the studied samples. The correlation between Boron and pH for the studied samples is positive. This correlation displays the highest concentrations in pH=7. The main Boron species in this pH value is B(OH)3 which is more stable comparing to the other Boron phases.&#160;&#160;The stable isotope analyses of the studied samples show -12 to -9.1&#8240; for &#948;18O and -71.3 to -77.6&#8240; for &#948;D. The interpretation of obtained &#948;18O and &#948;D values represents the main role of meteoric waters in reservoir fluids of Moil Valley geothermal field. Magmatic waters show negligible share of the reservoir fluids.&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; &#160;The Tritium analyses for the studied samples show 0.1 to 41.7 TU amounts. The evaluation of obtained Tritium contents reveals the circulation of young waters inside the reservoir and considering to the &#948;D/&#948;18O ratios, it is most likely that the recharge zones of the reservoir are situated in close distance and there are evidences of mixing with meteoric waters.

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Reservoir Temperature Estimation By Using Geothermometry (Case Study on Geothermal Field Jaboi, Sabang)

Journal of Aceh Physics Society ◽

10.24815/jacps.v8i1.12992 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 30-34

Author(s):

Eliyani Eliyani ◽

Muhammad Isa ◽

Khairi Khairi ◽

Muhammad Rusdi

Keyword(s):

Hot Springs ◽

Geothermal Field ◽

Energy Potential ◽

Temperature Estimation ◽

Mineral Characteristics ◽

Geothermal Fluids ◽

Geothermal Potential ◽

Geochemical Studies

Gunung api Leumo Matee dan Seumeuregoh, Jaboi Sabang memiliki potensi energi panas bumi sangat besar. Hal ini ditandai dengan adanya manifestasi yang muncul di permukaan seperti uap panas, fumarol dan sumber air panas. Oleh karena itu, perlu dikaji lebih dalam dan menyeluruh untuk mendapatkan informasi yang detail, terutama parameter suhu dan karakteristik batuan/mineral. Sebuah penelitian telah dilakukan untuk kajian geokimia terutama analisis kimia fluida panas bumi. Pendekatan untuk menentukan karakteristik fluida kimia panas bumi dilakukan dengan metode geotermometer untuk mengukur kandungan air (SiO2) dan gas (Na-K) serta konsentrasi anion dan kation. Berdasarkan data pengamatan lapangan dan hasil uji laboratorium yang sudah terstandarisasi menunjukkan bahwa suhu bawah permukaan untuk fluida cair adalah 228oC dan untuk gas sebesar 220oC. Hasil pengujian sampel fluida panas bumi menunjukkan bahwa manifestasi panas bumi Kawah I dan Kawah IV daerah Jaboi, Sabang sangat prospek untuk dikembangkan. Informasi fluida ini menjadi salah satu parameter dalam pengembangan potensi panas bumi. Oleh karena itu sangat penting ditindaklanjuti karena dapat menjawab kebutuhan energi yang ramah lingkungan dan energi terbarukan. The Volcano Leumo Matee and Seumeuregoh, Jaboi Sabang have enormous geothermal energy potential. This is characterized by the presence of surface manifestations such as hot steam, fumaroles and hot springs. Therefore, it needs to be studied more deeply and thoroughly to obtain detailed information, especially the temperature and rock/mineral characteristics. A study has been carried out for geochemical studies, especially chemical analysis of geothermal fluids. The approach to determine the characteristics of the geothermal chemical fluid is carried out by geothermometry to measure the water content (SiO2) and gas (Na-K) as well as the concentration of anions and cations. Based on field observations and standardized laboratory tests, the subsurface temperature for liquid fluids is 228oC and for gases of 220oC. The results of testing geothermal fluid samples show that the geothermal manifestations of Kawah I and Kawah IV Jaboi, Sabang are very prospects to be developed. This fluid information is one of the parameters in developing geothermal potential. Therefore, it is very important to follow up because it can answer the needs of environmentally friendly energy and renewable energy. Keywords: Volcano, Geothrmometry, jaboi, Sabang, Temperature

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A New Occurrence of Terrestrial Native Iron in the Earth’s Surface: The Ilia Thermogenic Travertine Case, Northwestern Euboea, Greece

Geosciences ◽

10.3390/geosciences8080287 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 287 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Christos Kanellopoulos ◽

Eugenia Valsami-Jones ◽

Panagiotis Voudouris ◽

Christina Stouraiti ◽

Robert Moritz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hot Spring ◽

Mineral Chemistry ◽

Geothermal Field ◽

Magmatic Chamber ◽

Iron Mineral ◽

Geothermal Fluids ◽

Native Iron ◽

Mineral Phases ◽

Ophiolitic Rocks ◽

Structural Zones

Native iron has been identified in an active thermogenic travertine deposit, located at Ilia area (Euboea Island, Greece). The deposit is forming around a hot spring, which is part of a large active metallogenetic hydrothermal system depositing ore-bearing travertines. The native iron occurs in two shapes: nodules with diameter 0.4 and 0.45 cm, and angular grains with length up to tens of μm. The travertine laminae around the spherical/ovoid nodules grow smoothly, and the angular grains are trapped inside the pores of the travertine. Their mineral-chemistry is ultra-pure, containing, other than Fe, only Mn (0.34–0.38 wt.%) and Ni (≤0.05 wt.%). After evaluating all the possible environments where native iron has been reported up until today and taking under consideration all the available data concerning the study area, we propose two possible scenarios: (i) Ilia’s native iron has a magmatic/hydrothermal origin i.e., it is a deep product near the magmatic chamber or a peripheral cooling igneous body that was transferred during the early stages of the geothermal field evolution, from high temperature, reduced gas-rich fluids and deposited along with other metals in permeable structural zones, at shallow levels. Later on, it was remobilized and mechanically transferred and precipitated at the Ilia’s thermogenic travertine by the active lower temperatures geothermal fluids; (ii) the native iron at Ilia is remobilized from deep seated ophiolitic rocks, originated initially from reduced fluids during serpentinization processes; however, its mechanical transport seems less probable. The native iron mineral-chemistry, morphology and the presence of the other mineral phases in the same thermogenic travertine support both hypotheses.

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