Nano Engineered Biodegradable Capsules for the Encapsulation and Kinetic Release Studies of Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride

BACKGROUND: Berberine, extracted from Berberis vulgaris, is one of the well-known natural antioxidant sources. OBJECTIVE: Optimizing the berberine extraction conditions from the whole Barberry plant and microencapsulation of the optimized extract to be used as a bioactive ingredient in functional orange juice. METHODS: Seventeen extraction processes were designed to determine an optimized method for producing an ethanol/water extract with maximum yield, safety, and antioxidant properties. The optimal extract was microencapsulated by complex coacervation using tragacanth/gelatin and then spray-dried. The selected microcapsules based on morphology, particle size, and solubility were added to orange juice, and the physical and sensory properties of the functional drink, as well as the kinetic release models, were analyzed. RESULTS: An optimal extract with 82%antioxidant activity was prepared using a 75%ethanol/water ratio and an extraction time of 0.5 h at 22.3°C. Spherical-shaped microcapsules could create a desirable cloudy appearance with good stability in the pH of orange juice. The kinetics of the berberine release revealed an initial burst phase followed by a prolonged one, which would appeal to consumers’ sensory perceptions. CONCLUSIONS: The excellent compatibility between berberine and orange juice provides a potential capacity to fortify a high-consumption drink with a phytonutrient presented in a berry fruit.

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ROLE OF ADDED PHOSPHOGYPSUM AND HUMIC ACIDS IN THE KINETIC RELEASE OF SALT FROM SALT AFFECTED SOIL (SALINE – SODIC)

Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.32649/ajas/2020/2 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 15-27

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Humic Acids ◽

Release Rate ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽

Salt Affected Soil ◽

Two Factors ◽

Dissolved Ions ◽

Kinetic Release

In order to study the effect of phosphogypsum and humic acids in the kinetic release of salt from salt-affected soil, a laboratory experiment was conducted in which columns made from solid polyethylene were 60.0 cm high and 7.1 cm in diameter. The columns were filled with soil so that the depth of the soil was 30 cm inside the column, the experiment included two factors, the first factor was phosphogypsum and was added at levels 0, 5, 10 and 15 tons ha-1 and the second-factor humic acids were added at levels 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1 by mixing them with the first 5 cm of column soil and one repeater per treatment. The continuous leaching method was used by using an electrolytic well water 2.72 dS m-1. Collect the leachate daily and continue the leaching process until the arrival of the electrical conductivity of the filtration of leaching up to 3-5 dS m-1. The electrical conductivity and the concentration of positive dissolved ions (Ca, Mg, Na) were estimated in leachate and the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) was calculated. The results showed that the best equation for describing release kinetics of the salts and sodium adsorption ratio in soil over time is the diffusion equation. Increasing the level of addition of phosphogypsum and humic acids increased the constant release velocity (K) of salts and the sodium adsorption ratio. The interaction between phosphogypsum and humic acids was also affected by the constant release velocity of salts and the sodium adsorption ratio. The constant release velocity (K) of the salts and the sodium adsorption ratio at any level of addition of phosphogypsum increased with the addition of humic acids. The highest salts release rate was 216.57 in PG3HA3, while the lowest rate was 149.48 in PG0HA0. The highest release rate of sodium adsorption ratio was 206.09 in PG3HA3, while the lowest rate was 117.23 in PG0HA0.

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Phenytoin inhibition of insulin release. Studies on the involvement of Ca2+ fluxes in rat pancreatic islets

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/diabetes.31.3.265 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 265-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E. G. Siegel ◽

D. Janjic ◽

C. B. Wollheim

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Islets ◽

Insulin Release ◽

Rat Pancreatic Islets ◽

Release Studies

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Novel Formulation Development and Evaluation of Nanoparticles Based in Situ Gelling System for The Ophthalmic Delivery of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v5i4.8880 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Kranti Singh ◽

Surajpal Verma ◽

Shyam Prasad ◽

Indu Bala

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Zeta Potential ◽

Drug Loading ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Formulation Development ◽

Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride ◽

Potential Value ◽

The Mean ◽

In Situ Gelling

Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride loaded Eudragit RS100 nanoparticles were prepared by using w/o/w emulsification (multiple emulsification) solvent evaporation followed by drying of nanoparticles at 50°C. The nanoparticles were further incorporated into the pH-triggered in situ gel forming system which was prepared using Carbopol 940 in combination with HPMC as viscosifying agent. The developed nanoparticles was evaluated for particle size, zeta potential value and loading efficiency; nanoparticle incorporated in situ gelling system was evaluated for pH, clarity, gelling strength, rheological studies, in-vitro release studies and ex-vivo precorneal permeation studies. The nanopaticle showed the mean particle size varying between 263.5nm - 325.9 nm with the mean zeta potential value of -5.91 mV to -8.13 mV and drug loading capacity varied individually between 72.50% to 98.70% w/w. The formulation was clear with no suspended particles, showed good gelling properties. The gelling was quick and remained for longer time period. The developed formulation was therapeutically efficacious, stable and non-irritant. It provided the sustained release of drug over a period of 8-10 hours.

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Synthesis, Characterization and in-vitro drug release studies of a macromolecular prodrug of Didanosine.

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v2i2.8845 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Neeraj Agrawal ◽

M.J. Chandrasekar ◽

U.V. Sara ◽

Rohini A.

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Drug Level ◽

Drug Release Profile ◽

Sustained Drug Release ◽

In Vitro Drug Release ◽

Alkaline Environment ◽

Stomach Acid ◽

Release Studies ◽

Macromolecular Prodrug

A macromolecular prodrug of didanosine (ddI) for oral administration was synthesized and evaluated for in-vitro drug release profile. Didanosine was first coupled to 2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate (HEMA) through a succinic spacer to form HEMA-Suc-ddI monomeric conjugate which was subsequently polymerized to yield Poly(HEMA-Suc-ddI) conjugate. The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, Mass and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The prodrug was subjected for in-vitro drug release studies in buffers of pH 1.2 and 7.4 mimicking the upper and lower GIT. The results showed that the drug release from the polymeric backbone takes place in a sustained manner over a period of 24 h and the amount of drug released was comparatively higher at pH 7.4 indicating that the drug release takes place predominantly at the alkaline environment of the lower GIT rather than at the acidic environment of the upper GIT. This pH dependent sustained drug release behavior of the prodrug may be capable of reducing the dose limiting toxicities by maintaining the plasma drug level within the therapeutic range and increasing t1/2 of ddI. Moreover, the bioavailability of the drug should be improved as the prodrug releases ddI predominantly in the alkaline environment which will reduce the degradation of ddI in the stomach acid.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Novel nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs possessing a nitric oxide donor diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate moiety: design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and nitric oxide release studies.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1011708.323215 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Larry K Keefer

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Biological Evaluation ◽

Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽

Nitric Oxide Donor ◽

Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽

Design Synthesis ◽

Nitric Oxide Release ◽

Release Studies

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Physicochemical Characterization of Solid Dispersions of Cefdinir with PVP K-30 and PEG 4000

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2010.3.2.8 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 948-956

Author(s):

Kumar P ◽

S Kumar ◽

A Kumar ◽

M Chander

Keyword(s):

Solid Dispersions ◽

Physicochemical Characterization ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

Dissolution Properties ◽

Rate Of Dissolution ◽

Peg 4000 ◽

Release Studies ◽

Crystalline Nature ◽

Physical Mixtures

The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize solid dispersions of the antibacterial agent Cefdinir with PEG 4000 and PVP K-30 with a view to improve its dissolution properties. Investigations of the properties of the dispersions were performed using release studies, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The results obtained showed that the rate of dissolution of Cefdinir was considerably improved when formulated in solid dispersions with PVP K-30 and PEG 4000 as compared with pure drug and physical mixtures. The results from XRD studies showed the transition of crystalline nature of drug to amorphous form, while FTIR studies demonstrated the absence of drug-carriers interaction.

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