Age-related change and gender differences in pelvic morphology of healthy children

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 894-899
Author(s):  
Masanori Wako ◽  
Kensuke Koyama ◽  
Yoshihiro Takayama ◽  
Yoshihito Aikawa ◽  
Hirotaka Haro
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Pelvic Morphology ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Gender

Healthy Children and Fears about Death

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannelore Wass
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Frequency Intensity

Some explanations for the paucity of empirical studies of death fears in healthy, nonbereaved children are offered, and issues in studying this topic are discussed. Three major findings from the existing literature — occurrence, age/developmental differences, and gender differences in frequency, intensity, and quality — are presented, followed by a discussion of questions that remain largely unanswered and explanations that may need revision.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Large Artery Stiffness Pre- and Post Puberty

2003 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 5375-5380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna A. Ahimastos ◽  
Melissa Formosa ◽  
Anthony M. Dart ◽  
Bronwyn A. Kingwell
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Large Arteries ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Artery Stiffness ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Age-related large artery stiffening is more pronounced in women compared with men and is an important cause of isolated systolic hypertension. This study aimed to investigate whether such gender differences are inherent or the result of sex steroid influences. Healthy children prepuberty [26 female (10.3 ± 0.1 yr), 32 male (10.3 ± 0.1 yr), mean age ± sd] and post puberty [30 female (15.9 ± 0.2 yr), 22 male (15.9 ± 0.4 yr)] were studied. Large artery stiffness was assessed globally via systemic arterial compliance and regionally via pulse wave velocity. Prepubertal males and females did not differ in body size, cardiac output, or heart rate. Prepubertal females had stiffer large arteries and higher pulse pressure than age-matched males (P < 0.05). Postpubertal males were taller and heavier and had a greater cardiac output and lower heart rate compared with similarly aged females. In relation to pubertal status, females developed more distensible large arteries post puberty whereas males developed stiffer large vessels (P < 0.05). These changes where such that central large artery stiffness was similar between genders in the postpubertal group. Together these data suggest that large artery stiffness varies intrinsically between genders but is also modulated by both male and female sex steroids.

Race And Gender Differences During Exercise Testing Using The James Protocol In Healthy Children

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S235
Author(s):  
Sandra K. Knecht ◽  
Wayne A. Mays ◽  
Yvette M. Forment ◽  
Randal P. Claytor ◽  
Timothy K. Knilans
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender

TLR2 and TLR4 in healthy children: Age and gender differences

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1082-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth G Bannister ◽  
Chloe Smith ◽  
Kumar Visvanathan ◽  
Alexander Thompson ◽  
Winita Hardikar
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
And Gender

Race And Gender Differences During Exercise Testing Using The James Protocol In Healthy Children

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S235
Author(s):  
Sandra K. Knecht ◽  
Wayne A. Mays ◽  
Yvette M. Forment ◽  
Randal P. Claytor ◽  
Timothy K. Knilans
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender

Space Representation and Gender Differences

2018 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Space Representation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Analytical Strategies ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Scientific literature highlighted gender differences in spatial orientation. In particular, men and women differ in terms of the navigational processes they use in daily life. Scientific literature highlighted that women use analytical strategies while men tend to use holistic strategies. According to classical studies, males show a net advantage at least in the two categories of mental rotation and spatial perception. Subsequently, brain-imaging studies have shown a difference between males and females in the activity of brain regions involved in spatial cognition tasks. What we can say with certainty is that, given the complex nature of the subprocesses involved in what we call spatial cognition, the gender differences recorded by numerous scientific studies conducted in this field are closely related to specific measured abilities. The evidence that emerges with certainty from diverse studies is, however, that of a huge variety of strategies that differ according to sex, context, purpose to reach, education, age, and profession. In the study presented here, the gender and age-related tests show a significant sex-based difference perspective-taking tasks, but there is no gender-based difference in the mental rotation task.

Differences in Ankle Joint Complex Range of Motion as a Function of Age

Foot & Ankle ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan K. Grimston ◽  
Benno M. Nigg ◽  
David A. Hanley ◽  
Jack R. Engsberg
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Laboratory Coordinate System ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Angular Displacements

The purpose of this study was to determine whether gender- and age-related differences in ankle joint complex (AJC) range of motion (ROM) exist in children (range 9–13 years), adolescents (14–16 years), and young adults (17–20 years), and to compare these data with those published for older subjects (21–79 years) using the same protocol. 15 A total of 120 subjects (58 males and 62 females) ranging in age from 9 to 20 years were tested for AJC ROM using a specifically designed 6° of freedom fixture. 1 All measurements were made with respect to a laboratory coordinate system, and represented assessment of active AJC ROM. Angular displacements for plan-tarflexion, dorsiflexion, inversion, eversion, abduction, and adduction were digitally recorded and compared. AJC ROMs of females aged 9 to 20 years were generally greater than those for males about all three orthogonal axes. Within each gender, there was a consistent trend for AJC ROM to decrease from a maximum at 14 to 16 or 17 to 20 years to a minimum after age 60 years. The average decrement was greater for females than for males. This study provided evidence to support the contention that age-related and gender differences in AJC ROM do exist. The possibility of minimizing the decline in AJC ROM with age requires further investigation.

scholarly journals Age and gender differences in children's food preferences

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy J. Cooke ◽  
Jane Wardle
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Gender

The present study was conducted to examine the developmental patterning of food preferences in a large sample of British schoolchildren and to investigate possible gender differences. Using a cross-sectional survey design, the study was carried out in three primary and three secondary schools in West London, UK. A total of 1291 children aged from 4 to 16 years completed a 115-item food preference questionnaire in class time, supervised by class teachers and assistants. Children indicated whether they had ever tried each item and, if so, how much they liked it. We observed age-related increases in the number of foods tried (P<0·001), liked (P<0·005) and disliked (P<0·05). Controlling for the number of foods tried rendered the increase in dislikes non-significant and reversed the age effect on the number liked. Girls liked fruit (P<0·05) and vegetables (P<0·001) more than boys did; boys liked fatty and sugary foods (P<0·005), meat (P<0·001), processed meat products (P<0·001) and eggs (P<0·05) more than girls did. Some age differences were apparent in liking for categories of food, although the effects were not linear. Across ages and genders, children rated fatty and sugary foods most highly, although ratings for fruit were also high. Children's food preferences overall are not consistent with a healthy diet. Interventions should focus on increasing the familiarity, availability and accessibility of healthy foods and should be mindful of the need to target messages appropriately for boys who have less healthful food preferences than girls at all ages.

Age and gender comparisons of muscle strength in 654 women and men aged 20–93 yr

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 1581-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Lindle ◽  
E. J. Metter ◽  
N. A. Lynch ◽  
J. L. Fleg ◽  
J. L. Fozard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
Stretch Shortening Cycle ◽  
And Gender

Lindle, R. S., E. J. Metter, N. A. Lynch, J. L. Fleg, J. L. Fozard, J. Tobin, T. A. Roy, and B. F. Hurley. Age and gender comparisons of muscle strength in 654 women and men aged 20–93 yr. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(5): 1581–1587, 1997.—To assess age and gender differences in muscle strength, isometric, concentric (Con), and eccentric (Ecc) peak torque was measured in the knee extensors at a slow (0.52 rad/s) and fast (3.14 rad/s) velocity in 654 subjects (346 men and 308 women, aged 20–93 yr) from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Regression analysis revealed significant ( P < 0.001) age-related reductions in Con and Ecc peak torque for men and women at both velocities, but no differences were observed between the gender groups or velocities. Age explained losses in Con better than Ecc peak torque, accounting for 30% (Con) vs. 19% (Ecc) of the variance in men and 28% (Con) vs. 11% (Ecc) in women. To assess age and gender differences in the ability to store and utilize elastic energy, the stretch-shortening cycle was determined in a subset of subjects ( n = 47). The older women (mean age = 70 yr) showed a significantly greater enhancement in the stretch-shortening cycle, compared with men of similar age ( P < 0.01) and compared with younger men and women (each P < 0.05). Both men and women showed significant declines in muscle quality for Con peak torque ( P < 0.01), but no gender differences were observed. Only the men showed a significant decline in muscle quality ( P < 0.001) for Ecc peak torque. Thus both men and women experience age-related losses in isometric, Con, and Ecc knee extensor peak torque; however, age accounted for less of the variance in Ecc peak torque in women, and women tend to better preserve muscle quality with age for Ecc peak torque. In addition, older women have an enhanced capacity to store and utilize elastic energy compared with similarly aged men as well as with younger women and men.

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