scholarly journals Alteration of cytokines expression and function in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells under simulated microgravity condition

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 135-136
Author(s):  
Dandan Dong
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
Microgravity Condition ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
And Function

Mineralization initiation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast is suppressed under simulated microgravity condition

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-fang Hu ◽  
Jing-bao Li ◽  
Ai-rong Qian ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Peng Shang
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
Microgravity Condition

scholarly journals Phenotypic Switch Induced by Simulated Microgravity on MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Grazia Masiello ◽  
Alessandra Cucina ◽  
Sara Proietti ◽  
Alessandro Palombo ◽  
Pierpaolo Coluccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Proliferation And Apoptosis ◽  
Cell Processes ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
And Function

Microgravity exerts dramatic effects on cell morphology and functions, by disrupting cytoskeleton and adhesion structures, as well as by interfering with biochemical pathways and gene expression. Impairment of cells behavior has both practical and theoretical significance, given that investigations of mechanisms involved in microgravity-mediated effects may shed light on how biophysical constraints cooperate in shaping complex living systems. By exposing breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells to simulated microgravity (~0.001 g), we observed the emergence of two morphological phenotypes, characterized by distinct membrane fractal values, surface area, and roundness. Moreover, the two phenotypes display different aggregation profiles and adherent behavior on the substrate. These morphological differences are mirrored by the concomitant dramatic functional changes in cell processes (proliferation and apoptosis) and signaling pathways (ERK, AKT, and Survivin). Furthermore, cytoskeleton undergoes a dramatic reorganization, eventually leading to a very different configuration between the two populations. These findings could be considered adaptive and reversible features, given that, by culturing microgravity-exposed cells into a normal gravity field, cells are enabled to recover their original phenotype. Overall these data outline the fundamental role gravity plays in shaping form and function in living systems.

scholarly journals Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Ultrastructure and Apoptosis of Choroidal Vascular Endothelial Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Zhao ◽  
Yuanyuan Shi ◽  
Changyu Qiu ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Yubo Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Microgravity Condition ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Apoptosis Pathway ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression

BackgroundIt was confirmed that simulated microgravity (SMG) led to ultrastructural alterations and apoptosis in many types of microvascular endothelial cells. However, whether SMG would also affect choroidal vascular endothelial cells (CVECs) remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the effects of SMG on ultrastructure and apoptosis of CVECs.MethodsThe rotary cell culture system (RCCS) was utilized to simulate microgravity condition. Human CVECs were cultured under normal gravity (NG) or SMG condition for 3 days. The ultrastructure was viewed under transmission electron microscopy, and the organization of F-actin was observed by immunofluorescence staining. Additionally, the apoptosis percentage was calculated using flow cytometry. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression of BAX, Bcl-2, Caspase3, Cytochrome C, p-AKT, and p-PI3K were detected with quantitative PCR and Western blot at different exposure time.ResultsIn the SMG group, CVECs presented with a shrunk cell body, chromatin condensation and margination, mitochondria vacuolization, and apoptotic bodies. The amount of F-actin decreased, and the filaments of F-actin were sparse or even partly discontinuous after cultivation under SMG for 72 h. The proportions of apoptotic CVECs in SMG groups at 24 and 72 h were significantly higher than those in the NG group (P < 0.001). The mRNA and protein expression of Bax, Caspase3, and Cytochrome C of CVECs in SMG groups at 24 and 72 h significantly increased than those of the NG group, respectively (P < 0.001). The alterations of p-AKT and p-PI3K protein expression possessed similar trends. On the contrary, the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 in CVECs under SMG at 24 and 72 h were significantly less than that of the NG group, respectively (P < 0.001).ConclusionSimulated microgravity conditions can lead the alterations of the F-actin structure and apoptosis of CVECs. The Bcl-2 apoptosis pathway and PI3K/AKT pathway may participate in the damage of CVECs caused by SMG.

EFFECTS OF ACTUAL AND SIMULATED MICROGRAVITY ON CARDIAC MASS AND FUNCTION IN THE RAT

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. S298
Author(s):  
T Miller ◽  
M Vasques ◽  
M Wilkerson ◽  
C A. Ray ◽  
R Grindeland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
Cardiac Mass ◽  
And Function

Comprehensive circRNA expression profile and function network in osteoblast-like cells under simulated microgravity

Gene ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 764 ◽  
pp. 145106
Author(s):  
Zhen Cao ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Shuping Wei ◽  
Xizheng Zhang ◽  
Yong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profile ◽  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
And Function ◽  
Function Network

scholarly journals The effects of combined environmental factors on the intestinal flora of mice based on ground simulation experiments

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiming Sun ◽  
Jiaqi Yang ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Huan Ma ◽  
Yin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Microgravity Environment ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Normal Environment ◽  
And Function

AbstractThe composition and function of intestinal microbial communities are important for human health. However, these intestinal floras are sensitive to changes in the environment. Adverse changes to intestinal flora can affect the health of astronauts, resulting in difficulties in implementing space missions. We randomly divided mice into three groups and placed each group in either a normal environment, simulated microgravity environment or a combined effects environment, which included simulated microgravity, low pressure and noise. Fecal samples of the mice were collected for follow-up analysis based on metagenomics technology. With the influence of different space environmental factors, the species composition at the phylum and genus levels were significantly affected by the combined effects environment, especially the abundance of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Furthermore, screening was conducted to identify biomarkers that could be regarded as environmental markers. And there have also been some noticeable changes in the function of intestinal floras. Moreover, the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) was also found to be changed under different environmental conditions, such as bacitracin and vancomycin. The combined effects environment could significantly affect the species composition, function, and the expression of ARGs of intestinal flora of mice which may provide a theoretical basis for space medical supervision and healthcare.

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