Renal volume of five-year-old preterm children are not different than full-term controls

Language delay (LD) and its relationship with later language impairment in preterm children is a topic of major concern. Previous studies comparing LD in preterm (PT) and full-term (FT) children were mainly carried out with samples of extremely preterm and very preterm children (sometimes with additional medical problems). Very few of them were longitudinal studies, which is essential to understand developmental relationships between LD and later language impairment. In this study, we compare the prevalence of LD in low-risk preterm children to that of FT children in a longitudinal design ranging from 10 to 60 months of age. We also analyze which variables are related to a higher risk of LD at 22, 30 and 60 months of age. Different language tests were administered to three groups of preterm children of different gestational ages and to one group of full-term children from the ages of 10 to 60 months. ANOVA comparisons between groups and logistic regression analyses to identify possible predictors of language delay at 22, 30 and 60 months of age were performed. The results found indicate that there were practically no differences between gestational age groups. Healthy PT children, therefore, do not have, in general terms, a higher risk of language delay than FT children. Previous language delay and cognitive delay are the strongest and longest-lasting predictors of later language impairment. Other factors, such as a scarce use of gestures at 10 months or male gender, affect early LD at 22 months of age, although their effect disappears as children grow older. Low maternal education appears to have a late effect. Gestational age does not have any significant effect on the appearance of LD.

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Preterm Children Have Higher Risk Than Full-term Children of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease During the First 2 Years of Life

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal ◽

10.1097/inf.0000000000001989 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 37 (7) ◽

pp. e195-e200 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Øystein Rolandsen Riise ◽

Ida Laake ◽

Didrik Vestrheim ◽

Brita Askeland Winje ◽

Dag Moster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽

Pneumococcal Disease ◽

Full Term ◽

Preterm Children

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Speech sound production, speech intelligibility, and oral-motor outcomes of preterm children: Are they different from full term children?

Applied Neuropsychology Child ◽

10.1080/21622965.2021.2017940 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Mohammad Moez Shahramnia ◽

Akram Ahmadi ◽

Arezoo Saffariyan ◽

Mohammad Kamali ◽

Reyhane Mohamadi

Keyword(s):

Speech Intelligibility ◽

Sound Production ◽

Speech Sound ◽

Full Term ◽

Preterm Children ◽

Oral Motor ◽

Motor Outcomes

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Executive functioning in preschool children born very preterm: Relationship with early white matter pathology

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617708080053 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 90-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 89

Author(s):

JAMIE O. EDGIN ◽

TERRIE E. INDER ◽

PETER J. ANDERSON ◽

KELLY M. HOOD ◽

CARON A.C. CLARK ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

White Matter ◽

Executive Functioning ◽

Executive Dysfunction ◽

Full Term ◽

Cerebral White Matter ◽

Preterm Children ◽

Very Preterm ◽

White Matter Pathology ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Despite evidence for executive dysfunction in school-aged preterm children, less is known about the early development of these difficulties or their underlying neuropathology. This study used prospective longitudinal data from a regional cohort of 88 very preterm and 98 full-term comparison children to examine the executive functioning (EF) of preschool children born very preterm. The relationship between the severity of neonatal cerebral white matter (WM) abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term equivalent and children's EF at ages two and four years (corrected age) was examined. At age four, very preterm children with WM abnormalities performed less well than full-term children on the Detour Reaching Box, a measure of behavioral inhibition and cognitive flexibility, even after controlling for child IQ, SES, and medical background. Examination of patterns of EF performance between the ages of 2 and 4 years showed that the performance of all groups improved with age. However, very preterm children with mild and moderate-severe WM abnormalities were characterized by higher rates of consistent performance impairments. These findings support the presence of early and persistent executive difficulties in preschool children born very preterm, and highlight the importance of white matter pathology in the development of executive impairments. (JINS, 2008,14, 90–101.)

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The Relation of Change in Maternal Interactive Styles to the Developing Social Competence of Full-Term and Preterm Children

Child Development ◽

10.1111/j.1467-8624.1998.tb06137.x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 105-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 104

Author(s):

Susan H. Landry ◽

Karen E. Smith ◽

Cynthia L. Miller-Loncar ◽

Paul R. Swank

Keyword(s):

Social Competence ◽

Full Term ◽

Preterm Children

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Risk for ASD in Preterm Infants: A Three-Year Follow-Up Study

Autism Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2018/8316212 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ayelet Harel-Gadassi ◽

Edwa Friedlander ◽

Maya Yaari ◽

Benjamin Bar-Oz ◽

Smadar Eventov-Friedman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Clinical Judgment ◽

Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Full Term ◽

Preterm Children ◽

Preterm Child ◽

Parental Reports ◽

Observational Instruments

Background. The aim of this study was to examine the long-term risk for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in individuals who are born preterm and full-term using both observational instruments and parental reports. Neonatal risk factors and developmental characteristics associated with ASD risk were also examined. Method. Participants included 110 preterm children (born at a gestational age of ≤ 34 weeks) and 39 full-term children assessed at ages 18, 24, and 36 months. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, the Social Communication Questionnaire, and the Mullen Scales of Early Learning were administered. Results and Conclusions. The long-term risk for ASD was higher when parental reports were employed compared to observational instruments. At 18 and 24 months, a higher long-term risk for ASD was found for preterm children compared to full-term children. At 36 months, only one preterm child and one full-term child met the cutoff for ASD based on the ADOS, yet clinical judgment and parental reports supported an ASD diagnosis for the preterm child only. Earlier gestational age and lower general developmental abilities were associated with elevated ASD risk among preterm children.

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Academic performance of children born preterm: a meta-analysis and meta-regression

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2017-312916 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 103 (4) ◽

pp. F322-F330 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

E Sabrina Twilhaar ◽

Jorrit F de Kieviet ◽

Cornelieke SH Aarnoudse-Moens ◽

Ruurd M van Elburg ◽

Jaap Oosterlaan

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

Random Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Full Term ◽

Control Group ◽

Special Educational Needs ◽

Academic Difficulties ◽

Preterm Children ◽

Antenatal Steroids

BackgroundAdvances in neonatal healthcare have resulted in decreased mortality after preterm birth but have not led to parallel decreases in morbidity. Academic performance provides insight in the outcomes and specific difficulties and needs of preterm children.ObjectiveTo study academic performance in preterm children born in the antenatal steroids and surfactant era and possible moderating effects of perinatal and demographic factors.DesignPubMed, Web of Science and PsycINFO were searched for peer-reviewed articles. Cohort studies with a full-term control group reporting standardised academic performance scores of preterm children (<37 weeks of gestation) at age 5 years or older and born in the antenatal steroids and surfactant era were included. Academic test scores and special educational needs of preterm and full-term children were analysed using random effects meta-analysis. Random effects meta-regressions were performed to explore the predictive role of perinatal and demographic factors for between-study variance in effect sizes.ResultsThe 17 eligible studies included 2390 preterm children and 1549 controls. Preterm children scored 0.71 SD below full-term peers on arithmetic (p<0.001), 0.44 and 0.52 SD lower on reading and spelling (p<0.001) and were 2.85 times more likely to receive special educational assistance (95% CI 2.12 to 3.84, p<0.001). Bronchopulmonarydysplasia explained 44% of the variance in academic performance (p=0.006).ConclusionPreterm children born in the antenatal steroids and surfactant era show considerable academic difficulties. Preterm children with bronchopulmonarydysplasia are at particular risk for poor academic outcome.

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Evaluation of vitamin D3 levels and morphotic parameters of blood in prematurely born children at six years of age

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-51613-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Katarzyna Walicka-Cupryś ◽

Katarzyna Zajkiewicz ◽

Justyna Drzał-Grabiec ◽

Lidia Perenc

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D3 ◽

Hemoglobin Concentration ◽

Multidisciplinary Care ◽

Medical Problem ◽

Full Term ◽

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Preterm Children ◽

Student’S T

Abstract In Poland the preterm children, with the birth rate reaching 6.3%, constitute a serious medical problem. The system of specialistic clinics provides them with the multidisciplinary care for the first 3 years of life, including the monitoring of hematologic parameters in relation with anemia and osteopenia. The aim of this study was to assess the vitamin D3 level and morphotic parameters of blood in children who were prematurely born at the time when they are about to start school. The study was carried out in a group of 92 children, aged 6 years ±0.63, including 54 preterm children born at gestational age <32 weeks - and 38 full-term children. A basic anthropometric measures and assessment of morphotic parameters and the vitamin D3 level were assessed. Statistical analyses were carried out using Shapiro-Wilk W-test, Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Preterm children had significantly lower the vitamin D3 level than controls. This also refers to some morphotic parameters of blood, such as level of hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and platelets. Prematurely born 6–7 year-old children have significantly lower vitamin D3 levels in blood serum than normal and significantly lower hemoglobin levels than full-term children.

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A Psychological Perspective on Preterm Children: The Influence of Contextual Factors on Quality of Family Interactions

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2017/9152627 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Michela Gatta ◽

Marina Miscioscia ◽

Lorenza Svanellini ◽

Chiara Peraro ◽

Alessandra Simonelli

Keyword(s):

Parental Stress ◽

Contextual Factors ◽

Full Term ◽

Family Interactions ◽

Psychological Perspective ◽

Children And Families ◽

Preterm Children ◽

Child Interaction ◽

Families With Children

Preterm birth has a critical influence on interactive, communicative, and expressive child behaviour, particularly during the first years of life. Few studies have stressed the assessment of mother-father-child interaction in families with preterm children, generating contradictory results. The present study wished to develop these fields: (i) comparing the quality of family interactions between families with preterm children and families with children born at full term; (ii) observing the development of family interactions after six months in the families with children born preterm; (iii) assessing family and contextual factors, as parental stress and social support, in parents of preterm children in order to observe their influence on the quality of family interactions. 78 families are recruited: 39 families with preterm children (M = 19,8 months, SD = 11,05) and 39 families with full-term children (M = 19,66 months; SD = 13,10). Results show that families with preterm children display a low quality of mother-father-child interactions. After six months, family interactions result is generally stable, except for some LTP-scales reflecting a hard adjustment of parenting style to the evolution of the child. In families with preterm children, the parenting stress seemed to be correlated with the quality of mother-father-child interactions.

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Craniofacial Morphology in Prematurely Born Children

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/030108-124.1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 79 (2) ◽

pp. 276-283 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Liselotte Paulsson ◽

Lars Bondemark

Keyword(s):

Head Circumference ◽

Null Hypothesis ◽

Full Term ◽

Craniofacial Morphology ◽

Control Group ◽

Preterm Children ◽

Very Preterm ◽

Anterior Cranial Base ◽

Extremely Preterm ◽

Preterm Group

Abstract Objective: To test the null hypothesis that there is no difference between the craniofacial morphology of prematurely born children and that of matched full-term born controls. Materials and Methods: White children 8 to 10 years of age, born at the University Hospitals of Lund and Malmö and living in the same part of Sweden, were included. One group consisted of 36 very preterm children, born during gestational weeks 29 to 32; the other group included 36 extremely preterm children, who were born before the 29th gestational week. Subjects were compared with a control group of 31 full-term children, who were matched for gender, age, nationality, and living area. One lateral head radiograph was taken for each child, and the cephalometric analysis included 15 angular and 11 linear variables. Also, the height, weight, and head circumference of each child were registered. Results: A significantly shorter anterior cranial base and a less convex skeletal profile were found among extremely preterm children, and significantly shorter maxillary length was noted in both extremely preterm and very preterm groups as compared with full-term children. The lower incisors were significantly more retroclined and retruded in the extremely preterm group compared with the very preterm group and the full-term control group. Extremely preterm children were significantly shorter, and both extremely preterm and very preterm children had significantly lower weight and smaller head circumference compared with full-term children. Conclusion: The null hypothesis was rejected because several craniofacial parameters differed significantly between preterm and full-term born control children.

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