Current status of in vivo bioanalysis of nano drug delivery systems

Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDSs) are a vital strategy to enhance the bioavailability (BA) of formulations of poorly water-soluble compounds. However, these formulations have certain limitations, including in vivo drug precipitation, poor in vitro in vivo correlation due to a lack of predictive in vitro tests, issues in handling of liquid formulation, and physico-chemical instability of drug and/or vehicle components. To overcome these limitations, which restrict the potential usage of such systems, the supersaturable SEDDSs (su-SEDDSs) have gained attention based on the fact that the inclusion of precipitation inhibitors (PIs) within SEDDSs helps maintain drug supersaturation after dispersion and digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. This improves the BA of drugs and reduces the variability of exposure. In addition, the formulation of solid su-SEDDSs has helped to overcome disadvantages of liquid or capsule dosage form. This review article discusses, in detail, the current status of su-SEDDSs that overcome the limitations of conventional SEDDSs. It discusses the definition and range of su-SEDDSs, the principle mechanisms underlying precipitation inhibition and enhanced in vivo absorption, drug application cases, biorelevance in vitro digestion models, and the development of liquid su-SEDDSs to solid dosage forms. This review also describes the effects of various physiological factors and the potential interactions between PIs and lipid, lipase or lipid digested products on the in vivo performance of su-SEDDSs. In particular, several considerations relating to the properties of PIs are discussed from various perspectives.

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Current Status of Alginate in Drug Delivery

Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1155/2020/8886095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Dewi Melani Hariyadi ◽

Nazrul Islam

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Protein Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Cell Encapsulation ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Current Status ◽

Natural Polymers ◽

Routes Of Drug Administration

Alginate is one of the natural polymers that are often used in drug- and protein-delivery systems. The use of alginate can provide several advantages including ease of preparation, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and nontoxicity. It can be applied to various routes of drug administration including targeted or localized drug-delivery systems. The development of alginates as a selected polymer in various delivery systems can be adjusted depending on the challenges that must be overcome by drug or proteins or the system itself. The increased effectiveness and safety of sodium alginate in the drug- or protein-delivery system are evidenced by changing the physicochemical characteristics of the drug or proteins. In this review, various routes of alginate-based drug or protein delivery, the effectivity of alginate in the stem cells, and cell encapsulation have been discussed. The recent advances in the in vivo alginate-based drug-delivery systems as well as their toxicities have also been reviewed.

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Phospholipid Based Nano Drug Delivery Systems of Phytoconstituents

10.5772/intechopen.101040 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Hossain Shariare ◽

Mohsin Kazi

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Stability Performance ◽

Nano Drug Delivery ◽

Electron Microscopic Data ◽

Characteristic Features

The development of phytochemistry and phyto-pharmacology has enabled elucidation of composition and biological activities of several medicinal plant constituents. However phytoconstituents are poorly absorbed due to their low aqueous solubility, large molecular size and poor membrane permeability when taken orally. Nanotechnology based drug delivery systems can be used to improve the dissolution rate, permeability and stability of these phytoconstituents. The current chapter aims to present the extraction of phytoconstituents, their identifications, and development/utilization of phospholipid based nano drug delivery systems (PBNDDS). The content of the chapter also provides characteristic features, in-vitro, in-vivo evaluations and stability performance of PBNDDS. The results from the UHPLC and GC-MS showed different phytoconstituents in the extracted samples with quantitative value. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) data showed PBNDDS of different phytoconstituents in the range of 50–250 nm with PDI value of 0.02–0.5, which was also confirmed by the electron microscopic data. Phytoconstituents loading or entrapment for PBNDDS was in the range of 60–95%. PBNDDS exhibited better in-vitro and in-vivo performance with improved Physico-chemical stability.

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Formulation, Development and Characterization of Floating Beads of Diltiazem Hydrochloride

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v6i1.8883 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anamika Saxena Saxena ◽

Santosh Kitawat ◽

Kalpesh Gaur ◽

Virendra Singh

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Release ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Entrapment Efficiency ◽

Repeated Administration ◽

Alginate Beads ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Formulation Development

The main goal of any drug delivery system is to achieve desired concentration of the drug in blood or tissue, which is therapeutically effective and nontoxic for a prolonged period. Various attempts have been made to develop gastroretentive delivery systems such as high density system, swelling, floating system. The recent developments of FDDS including the physiological and formulation variables affecting gastric retention, approaches to design single-unit and multiple-unit floating systems, and their classification and formulation aspects are covered in detail. Gastric emptying is a complex process and makes in vivo performance of the drug delivery systems uncertain. In order to avoid this variability, efforts have been made to increase the retention time of the drug-delivery systems for more than 12 hours. The floating or hydrodynamically controlled drug delivery systems are useful in such application. Background of the research: Diltiazem HCL (DTZ), has short biological half life of 3-4 h, requires rather high frequency of administration. Due to repeated administration there may be chances of patient incompliance and toxicity problems. Objective: The objective of study was to develop sustained release alginate beads of DTZ for reduction in dosing frequency, high bioavailability and better patient compliance. Methodology: Five formulations prepared by using different drug to polymer ratios, were evaluated for relevant parameters and compared. Alginate beads were prepared by ionotropic external gelation technique using CaCl2 as cross linking agent. Prepared beads were evaluated for % yield, entrapment efficiency, swelling index in 0.1N HCL, drug release study and SEM analysis. In order to improve %EE and drug release, LMP and sunflower oil were used as copolymers along with sodium alginate.

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Recent Advances of Mesoporous Silica Based Multifunctional Nano Drug Delivery Systems

ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1206.2013.00303 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 40 (10) ◽

pp. 1014

Author(s):

Xiao-Hong HAO ◽

Cui-Miao ZHANG ◽

Xiao-Long LIU ◽

Xing-Jie LIANG ◽

Guang JIA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Mesoporous Silica ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Nano Drug Delivery

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Improving the Efficacy of Anticancer Drugs via Encapsulation and Acoustic Release

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1568026618666180608125344 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 857-880 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Salma E. Ahmed ◽

Nahid Awad ◽

Vinod Paul ◽

Hesham G. Moussa ◽

Ghaleb A. Husseini

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Release ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Special Focus ◽

Nano Drug Delivery ◽

Medical Researchers ◽

History Of ◽

Overall Performance ◽

Enhanced Stability

Conventional chemotherapeutics lack the specificity and controllability, thus may poison healthy cells while attempting to kill cancerous ones. Newly developed nano-drug delivery systems have shown promise in delivering anti-tumor agents with enhanced stability, durability and overall performance; especially when used along with targeting and triggering techniques. This work traces back the history of chemotherapy, addressing the main challenges that have encouraged the medical researchers to seek a sanctuary in nanotechnological-based drug delivery systems that are grafted with appropriate targeting techniques and drug release mechanisms. A special focus will be directed to acoustically triggered liposomes encapsulating doxorubicin.

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Current HPLC Methods for Assay of Nano Drug Delivery Systems

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1568026616666161222112305 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (13) ◽

pp. 1588-1594 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Serife Evrim Kepekci Tekkeli ◽

Mustafa Volkan Kiziltas

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Nano Drug Delivery

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Nanostructured Ketorolac-Tromethamine/MCF: Synthesis, Characterization and Application in Drug Release System

Current Nanoscience ◽

10.2174/1573413714666180222134742 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 432-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Juliana M. Juarez ◽

Jorgelina Cussa ◽

Marcos B. Gomez Costa ◽

Oscar A. Anunziata

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Release ◽

Therapeutic Efficacy ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Controlled Drug Release ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

The Body ◽

Fickian Diffusion ◽

Ketorolac Tromethamine

Background: Controlled drug delivery systems can maintain the concentration of drugs in the exact sites of the body within the optimum range and below the toxicity threshold, improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing toxicity. Mesostructured Cellular Foam (MCF) material is a new promising host for drug delivery systems due to high biocompatibility, in vivo biodegradability and low toxicity. Methods: Ketorolac-Tromethamine/MCF composite was synthesized. The material synthesis and loading of ketorolac-tromethamine into MCF pores were successful as shown by XRD, FTIR, TGA, TEM and textural analyses. Results: We obtained promising results for controlled drug release using the novel MCF material. The application of these materials in KETO release is innovative, achieving an initial high release rate and then maintaining a constant rate at high times. This allows keeping drug concentration within the range of therapeutic efficacy, being highly applicable for the treatment of diseases that need a rapid response. The release of KETO/MCF was compared with other containers of KETO (KETO/SBA-15) and commercial tablets. Conclusion: The best model to fit experimental data was Ritger-Peppas equation. Other models used in this work could not properly explain the controlled drug release of this material. The predominant release of KETO from MCF was non-Fickian diffusion.

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