Association between maternal or cord blood concentrations of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol or vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and the cytokines profile in the umbilical cord blood: Systematic literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 105739
Author(s):  
Myrla C. de O. Farias ◽  
Thayse de L.T. Cavalcante ◽  
Monica L. Assunção ◽  
Nassib B. Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
25 Hydroxycholecalciferol

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin D in the Development of Diabetes Post Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Literature Review

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1733
Author(s):  
Amélie Keller ◽  
Carmen Varela Vazquez ◽  
Rojina Dangol ◽  
Peter Damm ◽  
Berit Lilienthal Heitmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Diabetes Development ◽  
High Degree

Women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are more likely to later develop diabetes. Evidence from some previous reviews suggests that low vitamin D status during pregnancy increases the risk of developing GDM, but whether vitamin D during pregnancy also influences the risk of diabetes post GDM is less well studied. Thus, the aim of this systematic literature review was to summarize the current available literature on that topic. This review considered observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Five databases were searched. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed. A total of six studies were included: three observational studies and three RCTs. Findings were inconsistent across the six included studies. However, when considering RCTs only, the findings more strongly suggested that vitamin D supplementation during and after pregnancy did not have an influence on markers of diabetes development or diabetes development post GDM. This systematic review highlights inconsistent findings on the associations between vitamin D supplementation or concentration during and after pregnancy and markers of diabetes development or diabetes development post GDM; and although results from randomized interventional studies more strongly suggested no associations, the conclusion holds a high degree of uncertainty.

scholarly journals Estradiol and Progesterone Strongly Inhibit the Innate Immune Response of Mononuclear Cells in Newborns

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 2690-2698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Giannoni ◽  
Laurence Guignard ◽  
Marlies Knaup Reymond ◽  
Matthieu Perreau ◽  
Matthias Roth-Kleiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

ABSTRACTNewborns are particularly susceptible to bacterial infections due to qualitative and quantitative deficiencies of the neonatal innate immune system. However, the mechanisms underlying these deficiencies are poorly understood. Given that fetuses are exposed to high concentrations of estradiol and progesterone during gestation and at time of delivery, we analyzed the effects of these hormones on the response of neonatal innate immune cells to endotoxin, bacterial lipopeptide, andEscherichia coliand group BStreptococcus, the two most common causes of early-onset neonatal sepsis. Here we show that at concentrations present in umbilical cord blood, estradiol and progesterone are as powerful as hydrocortisone for inhibition of cytokine production by cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) and newborn monocytes. Interestingly, CBMCs and newborn monocytes are more sensitive to the effects of estradiol and progesterone than adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells and monocytes. This increased sensitivity is associated with higher expression levels of estrogen and membrane progesterone receptors but is independent of a downregulation of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4, and myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 in newborn cells. Estradiol and progesterone mediate their anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of the NF-κB pathway but not the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in CBMCs. Altogether, these results suggest that elevated umbilical cord blood concentrations of estradiol and progesterone acting on mononuclear cells expressing high levels of steroid receptors contribute to impair innate immune responses in newborns. Therefore, intrauterine exposure to estradiol and progesterone may participate in increasing susceptibility to infection during the neonatal period.

Ethnic differences in umbilical cord blood vitamin D and parathyroid hormone – South Asians compared to Whites born in the UK

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1315-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raashda A. Sulaiman ◽  
Caroline L. Sharratt ◽  
Pek-wan Lee ◽  
Alyson Skinner ◽  
Melanie J. Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
South Asians ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Prenatal vitamin D and cord blood insulin-like growth factors in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Bilic ◽  
Huma Qamar ◽  
Akpevwe Onoyovwi ◽  
Jill Korsiak ◽  
Eszter Papp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Parameter ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Igfbp 3

Fetal growth restriction is linked to adverse health outcomes and is prevalent in low- and middle-income countries; however, determinants of fetal growth are still poorly understood. The objectives were to determine the effect of prenatal vitamin D supplementation on the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis at birth, to compare the concentrations of IGF-I in newborns in Bangladesh to a European reference population and to estimate the associations between IGF protein concentrations and birth size. In a randomized controlled trial in Dhaka, Bangladesh, pregnant women enrolled at 17–24 weeks of gestation were assigned to weekly oral vitamin D3 supplementation from enrolment to delivery at doses of 4200 IU/week, 16,800 IU/week, 28,000 IU/week or placebo. In this sub-study, 559 woman–infant pairs were included for analysis and cord blood IGF protein concentrations were quantified at birth. There were no significant effects of vitamin D supplementation on cord blood concentrations of IGF-I (P = 0.398), IGF-II (P = 0.525), binding proteins (BPs) IGFBP-1 (P = 0.170), IGFBP-3 (P = 0.203) or the molar ratio of IGF-I/IGFBP-3 (P = 0.941). In comparison to a European reference population, 6% of girls and 23% of boys had IGF-I concentrations below the 2.5th percentile of the reference population. IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-3 and the IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio were positively associated with at least one anthropometric parameter, whereas IGFBP-1 was negatively associated with birth anthropometry. In conclusion, prenatal vitamin D supplementation does not alter or enhance fetal IGF pathways.

scholarly journals Effect of Maternal Retinol Status at Time of Term Delivery on Retinol Placental Concentration, Intrauterine Transfer Rate, and Newborn Retinol Status

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Thoene ◽  
Haley Haskett ◽  
Jeremy Furtado ◽  
Maranda Thompson ◽  
Matthew Van Ormer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
United States Population ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Term Delivery ◽  
Parametric Statistics ◽  
Retinol Concentration

Retinol (vitamin A) is essential, so the objective of this Institutional Review Board approved study is to evaluate retinol placental concentration, intrauterine transfer, and neonatal status at time of term delivery between cases of maternal retinol adequacy, insufficiency, and deficiency in a United States population. Birth information and biological samples were collected for mother–infant dyads (n = 260). Maternal and umbilical cord blood retinol concentrations (n = 260) were analyzed by HPLC and categorized: deficient (≤0.7 umol/L), insufficient (>0.7–1.05 umol/L), adequate (>1.05 umol/L). Intrauterine transfer rate was calculated: (umbilical cord blood retinol concentration/maternal retinol concentration) × 100. Non-parametric statistics used include Spearman’s correlations, Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis tests. p-values <0.05 were statistically significant. Only 51.2% of mothers were retinol adequate, with 38.4% insufficient, 10.4% deficient. Only 1.5% of infants were retinol adequate. Placental concentrations (n = 73) differed between adequate vs. deficient mothers (median 0.13 vs. 0.10 μg/g; p = 0.003). Umbilical cord blood concentrations were similar between deficient, insufficient, and adequate mothers (0.61 vs. 0.55 vs. 0.57 μmol/L; p = 0.35). Intrauterine transfer increased with maternal deficiency (103.4%) and insufficiency (61.2%) compared to adequacy (43.1%), p < 0.0001. Results indicate that intrauterine transfer rate is augmented in cases of maternal retinol inadequacy, leading to similar concentrations in umbilical cord blood at term delivery.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Vitamin D Levels in Neonatal Umbilical Cord Blood: A Two-Center Study From Tibet and Shenyang

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingli Yu ◽  
Xiuxiu Liu ◽  
Jiujun Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Blood Calcium ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus

Objective: To investigate the factors influencing the levels of vitamin D (vitD) in the umbilical cord blood of neonates born in Naqu, Tibet (4,500 m above sea level), and Shenyang, Liaoning Province (500 m above sea level).Methods: This prospective study was conducted from June 2017 to October 2018 in Naqu (the plateau group) and Shenyang, (the non-plateau group). Healthy mothers that gave birth to healthy neonates of &gt;2,000g after 38 weeks' gestation were enrolled in the study, as were their neonates. After separation of serum from the umbilical cord and mothers for routine biochemical tests, discarded samples were remained for analyses of vitD, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Questionnaires were developed covering the demographic characteristics and possible risk factors for neonatal vitD deficiency of mothers. Statistical analysis was performed to identify associations between the calcium, phosphorus, ALP, PTH, maternal factors and neonatal vitD levels.Results: In total, 295 neonates and 225 mothers were enrolled in the study. VitD deficiency was common in neonates and mothers. The risk of vitD deficiency was higher in the plateau group than in the non-plateau group. The mean levels of 25-hydroxy vitD (25(OH)D) in mothers and neonates from the plateau group were 8.49 ± 4.12 ng/mL and 10.17 ± 5.07 ng/mL, respectively. Such levels were significantly lower than those in the non-plateau group (19.77 ± 9.57 ng/mL and 23.93 ± 11.01 ng/mL, respectively). The vitD levels of neonates and mothers were highest in the summer and lowest in the winter. Cord blood vitD was positively correlated with the vitD levels in mothers' serum (r = 0.75, P &lt; 0.05). Increased PTH levels in mothers and decreased cord blood calcium levels were risk factors for neonatal vitD deficiency. A lack of vitD supplementation during pregnancy was associated with an 8.91-fold higher probability of neonatal vitD deficiency (OR = 8.91, 95% CI = 1.521–9.429, P &lt; 0.001).Conclusions: The levels of neonatal and maternal vitD in the plateau group were generally lower than those in the non-plateau group. VitD supplementation during pregnancy could effectively reduce the risk of vitD deficiency in neonates.

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