Polymorphisms of α-lactoalbumin, β-lactoglobulin and prolactin genes are highly associated with milk composition traits in Spanish Merino sheep

2018 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 26-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Padilla ◽  
Mercedes Izquierdo ◽  
Margarita Martínez-Trancón ◽  
Juan Carlos Parejo ◽  
Araceli Rabasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Composition ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

Camel Milk Composition and Nutritional Value

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaukhar S. Konuspayeva
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Camel Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein ◽  
Atherogenicity Index ◽  
Recognition Protein ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

If gross composition of camel milk is roughly comparable to cow milk, fine composition shows significant differences explaining potential health benefit for regular consumers. The main particularities of camel milk are (1) better atherogenicity index thanks to its higher proportion of mono-unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids compared to other milks, (2) different proportion of caseins than cow milk leading to difficult clotting, (3) lack of β-lactoglobulin, often responsible for cow milk allergy, (4) slightly higher concentration in antibacterial and immunity support proteins with higher bio-activity than in other milk, (5) presence of WAP (whey acidic protein) and PGRP (peptidoglycan-recognition protein) not available in cow milk, (6) probable efficient insulin for supporting better glycemia regulation, (7) better metabolization of lactose leading to lower intolerance in consumers, (8) richness in sodium and iron compared to other milks, and (9) contrasted values of vitamins (less vitamins B, high quantity of vitamins C and D). This chapter explores camel milk composition and nutritional value.

Expression of bovine β-lactoglobulin transgenic mice

1999 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALFONSO GUTIÉRREZ-ADÁN ◽  
ELIZABETH A. MAGA ◽  
ESMAIL BEHBOODI ◽  
JANICE S. CONRAD-BRINK ◽  
ANTHONY G. MACKINLAY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Transgenic Animals ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Milk Protein Genes ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Foreign Proteins ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

The use of transgenic animals to manipulate milk composition has considerable potential, both for the production of biomedical proteins and for the direct manipulation of milk composition for the improvement of dairy animals and their products (for reviews, see Wall et al. 1992; Yom & Bremel, 1993). Promoters from a number of milk protein genes from a variety of species have been tested for their ability to direct the expression of foreign proteins to the mammary gland (for review, see Maga & Murray, 1995).β-Lactoglobulin (β-lg) is the major whey protein produced in ruminant milk and is part of the normal milk composition of most mammals except humans and rodents (Pervaiz & Brew, 1985). It is expressed at high levels in the mammary gland and is developmentally regulated. Transgenic mice have been produced using the complete ovine (Simons et al. 1987; Shani et al. 1992) and caprine (Ibañez et al. 1997) β-lg genes. In general, high levels of expression were obtained with the ovine β-lg gene, and expression was also seen in a position-independent manner (Whitelaw et al. 1992). Lower levels of expression were reported using the caprine β-lg gene. Here we report the production of transgenic mice using the bovine β-lg gene. We describe high expression, position-dependent, and copy number-related expression of bovine β-lg protein in the milk of six lines of transgenic mice.

The effect on milk composition of feeding spring grass to cows

1959 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Waite ◽  
M. E. Castle ◽  
J. N. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Level ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

1. An experiment to investigate the seasonal increase in the solids-not-fat content of milk, which usually occurs in Britain when cows go from winter feeding to spring grazing, is described.2. Two similar groups of cows were fed good quality winter rations at the same high level both before and after calving (about 115% of the Woodman standard after calving), until spring grass was available. One group of 7 cows was then fed for 6 weeks almost entirely on cut grass, returning to winter rations for a further 3 weeks. The control group of 6 cows continued to be fed throughout the experiment on winter rations and both groups remained indoors for the whole of the experiment. The estimated nutrient intake of both groups in all periods was kept substantially constant.3. Changes in milk yield and composition were mainly those associated with advancing stage of lactation, and grass feeding had little specific effect. It is concluded that the increase in milk protein content which is normally observed soon after the start of spring grazing probably results from an improved plane of nutrition and not specifically from an increase in the intake of soluble carbohydrates.4. Increases in the total nitrogen content of the milk as the experiment proceeded were contributed to uniformly by the casein, total albumin and β-lactoglobulin fractions.

Genetic variants of beta-lactoglobulin gene and its association with milk composition traits in riverine buffalo

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Vohra ◽  
Tarun Kumar Bhattacharya ◽  
Shanker Dayal ◽  
Pushpendra Kumar ◽  
Arjava Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Solid Fat ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Beta Lactoglobulin ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin ◽  
Conformation Polymorphism

A study was carried out to determine genetic variants of β-lactoglobulin gene and to explore associations between these and milk composition traits in riverine buffalo. Single strand conformation polymorphism was employed to detect the genetic variants of the gene. Two fragments of this gene i.e. 119 bp of exon I and 400 bp spanning exon IV and intron IV were included in the study. For 119 bp fragment, three alleles namely, A, B and C were observed in all the buffalo breeds whereas four alleles (A, B, C and D) were detected for 400 bp fragment. The frequency distribution of alleles was different in different breeds of buffaloes for both the fragments. For exon I fragment, the milk composition traits such as total SNF, protein, solid, fat and whey protein yield were found to be significantly (P<0·05) associated with genotypes in Murrah and Bhadawari buffalo whereas in Mehsana breed genotypes were significantly (P<0·05) co-related with total SNF, solid and fat yield. Genotypes of 400 bp fragment, only total fat yield in Mehsana buffalo was found to be significantly (P<0·05) associated with genotypes.

Effect of polymorphisms in the leptin, leptin receptor and acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) genes and genetic polymorphism of milk proteins on bovine milk composition

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Glantz ◽  
Helena Lindmark Månsson ◽  
Hans Stålhammar ◽  
Marie Paulsson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
The Past ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

The relations between cow genetics and milk composition have gained a lot of attention during the past years, however, generally only a few compositional traits have been examined. The aim of this study was to determine if polymorphisms in the leptin (LEP), leptin receptor (LEPR) and acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) genes as well as genetic polymorphism of β-casein (β-CN), κ-CN and β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) impact several bovine milk composition traits. Individual milk samples from the Swedish Red and Swedish Holstein breeds were analyzed for components in the protein, lipid, carbohydrate and mineral profiles. Cow alleles were determined on the following SNP: A1457G, A252T, A59V and C963T on the LEP gene, T945M on the LEPR gene and Nt984+8(A-G) on the DGAT1 gene. Additionally, genetic variants of β-CN, κ-CN and β-LG were determined. For both the breeds, the same tendency of minor allele frequency was found for all SNPs and protein genes, except on LEPA1457G and LEPC963T. This study indicated significant (P<0·05) associations between the studied SNPs and several compositional parameters. Protein content was influenced by LEPA1457G (G>A) and LEPC963T (T>C), whereas total Ca, ionic Ca concentration and milk pH were affected by LEPA1457G, LEPA59V, LEPC963T and LEPRT945M. However, yields of milk, protein, CN, lactose, total Ca and P were mainly affected by β-CN (A2>A1) and κ-CN (A>B>E). β-LG was mainly associated with whey protein yield and ionic Ca concentration (A>B). Thus, this study shows possibilities of using these polymorphisms as markers within genetic selection programs to improve and adjust several compositional parameters.

scholarly journals Effect of beta-lactoglobulin polymorphism and seasonality on bovine milk composition

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno G Botaro ◽  
Ygor V R Lima ◽  
Adriana A Aquino ◽  
Raquel H R Fernandes ◽  
José F Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
True Protein ◽  
Beta Lactoglobulin ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

The objective was to evaluate the effect of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) polymorphism and seasonality on milk composition (fat, lactose, total solids, milk urea nitrogen, total protein, true protein, casein and somatic cell counts) of Holstein and Girolando cows. Milk and blood samples from 278 Holsteins cows and 156 Girolando cows were taken during two dry seasons and two rainy seasons, for milk composition analysis and to determine β-lg genotypes, respectively. BB genotype was the most frequent for both breeds, followed by AA genotype for Holstein (BB>AA>AB) and by AB for Girolando cows (BB>AB>AA). No differences were found in milk compositional characteristics among genetic variants of β-lg (AA, AB and BB) either between Holstein or Girolando cows. No association between milk composition and β-lg genetic polymorphism was observed. During the dry season, independently of the breed considered, higher contents of lactose, true protein, casein and casein:true protein ratio were found.

scholarly journals Effects of SLC27A3 and β-Lactoglobulin Gene Polymorphisms on The Milk Composition in Hamdani Sheep

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mervan Bayraktar ◽  
Omer Shoshin
Keyword(s):  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Milk Component ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Exon 4 ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

Abstract Background: SLC27A3 and β-Lactoglobulin gene are candidate genes that effects milk traits.Results: This study aimed to determine the effect of polymorphisms of the SLC27A3 gene on Hamdani sheep's milk components. The PCR-RFLP method was used to detect the SLC27A3 polymorphisms at exon 2, exon 3 and exon 4. The allele frequency of SNP1, SNP2 and SNP3 were 0.59(G), 0.41(T); 0.57(G), 0.43(C) and 0.58(A) and 0.42(C) respectively. β-lactoglobulin allele frequency was 0.56(A) and 0.44(B). The statistical analysis showed an association between SLC27A3 and β-lactoglobulin polymorphisms and milk composition. Conclusions: The SLC27A3 and β-lactoglobulin polymorphisms can be used as a genetic marker to select milk component traits in the sheep breeding programs.

Effect of the Bovine β-Lactoglobulin Phenotype on the Properties of β-Lactoglobulin, Milk Composition, and Dairy Products

1996 ◽  
pp. 281-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy P. Hill ◽  
Mike J. Boland ◽  
Lawrence K. Creamer ◽  
Skelte G. Anema ◽  
Don E. Otter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

Genetic polymorphism of β-lactoglobulin gene and effect on milk composition in Leccese sheep

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 270-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dario ◽  
D. Carnicella ◽  
M. Dario ◽  
G. Bufano
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin
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