The biomechanical function of the foot pump in venous return from the lower extremity during the human gait cycle: An expansion of the gait model of the foot pump

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 109220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Horwood
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Venous Return ◽  
Human Gait

USING EMG PATTERNS FOR HUMAN GAIT CYCLE RECOGNITION1

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Anatoly S. Bobe ◽  
◽  
Dmitry V. Konyshev ◽  
Sergey A. Vorotnikov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Emg Patterns

scholarly journals Gait Analysis Using Accelerometry Data from a Single Smartphone: Agreement and Consistency between a Smartphone Application and Gold-Standard Gait Analysis System

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7497
Author(s):  
Roy T. Shahar ◽  
Maayan Agmon
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Spatio-temporal parameters of human gait, currently measured using different methods, provide valuable information on health. Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) are one such method of gait analysis, with smartphone IMUs serving as a good substitute for current gold-standard techniques. Here we investigate the concurrent validity of a smartphone placed in a front-facing pocket to perform gait analysis. Sixty community-dwelling healthy adults equipped with a smartphone and an application for gait analysis completed a 2-min walk on a marked path. Concurrent validity was assessed against an APDM mobility lab (APDM Inc.; Portland, OR, USA). Bland–Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients (agreement and consistency) for gait speed, cadence, and step length indicate good to excellent agreement (ICC2,1 > 0.8). For right leg stance and swing % of gait cycle and double support % of gait cycle, results were moderate (0.52 < ICC2,1 < 0.62). For left leg stance and swing % of gait cycle left results show poor agreement (ICC2,1 < 0.5). Consistency of results was good to excellent for all tested parameters (ICC3,1 > 0.8). Thus we have a valid and reliable instrument for measuring healthy adults’ spatio-temporal gait parameters in a controlled walking environment.

scholarly journals Human Gait Cycle Analysis Using Kinect V2 Sensor

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Péter Müller ◽  
Ádám Schiffer
Keyword(s):  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Skeleton Model ◽  
Kinect V2 ◽  
Reduced Mobility

Examining a human movement can provide a wealth of information about a patient’s medical condition. The examination process can be used to diagnose abnormal changes (lesions), ability development and monitor the rehabilitation process of people with reduced mobility. There are several approaches to monitor people, among other things with sensors and various imaging and processing devices. In this case a Kinect V2 sensor and a self-developed LabView based application was used, to examine the movement of the lower limbs. The ideal gait pattern was recorded in the RoboGait training machine and the measured data was used to identify the phases of the human gait. During the evaluation, the position of the skeleton model, the associated body joints and angles can be calculated. The pre-recorded ideal and natural gait cycle can be compared.With the self-developed method the pre-recorded ideal and natural gait cycle can be compared and processed for further evaluation. The evaluated measurement data confirm that a reliable and mobile solution for gait analysis has been created.

Modeling and Simulation of an Assistive Exoskeleton Leg System with Knee Osteoarthritis and Quadriceps Weakness

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Iscan ◽  
Cuneyt Yilmaz ◽  
Berkem Vural ◽  
Huseyin Eken
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Feedback Linearization ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Human Locomotion ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Quadriceps Weakness ◽  
The Common ◽  
Adequate Data

Abstract The most common human locomotion problems such as quadriceps weakness, knee osteoarthritis can be healed up by using exoskeleton mechanisms with proper control systems. However, these kinds of abnormalities cannot be easily modeled in terms of engineering perspectives due to a lack of adequate data or unknown dynamics. Also, nature always seeks minimum energy as well as biology which means that the unknown dynamics can be built by using this phenomenon. In this study, a new system dynamic model had been involved in designing a simple single-legged exoskeleton robot mechanism and its control system to assist partially disabled individuals to improve their quality of locomotion. To determine the specific features of the human gait disorders to interpret their nature in the computer-aided simulation environment, knee osteoarthritis and quadriceps weakness, which are the common types of such problems, have been chosen as the main interests for this study. By using the lower limb model with anthropometric data, the simulations of disorders have been realized on MATLAB Simscape environment which enables us to model the entire exoskeleton system with the 3D parts of the human body. A model of a leg with the disorder was able to be obtained with the utilization of feedback linearization which is one of the examples of minimum principles in the control theory. A proper gait cycle is achieved with the exoskeleton application and separately for the leg, with approximately 10 deg deviation from the natural property in knee flexion. Finally, it can be seen that the system conversion into such problematic cases with or without an exoskeleton system is accomplished.

Customized design and additive manufacturing of kids’ ankle foot orthosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1677-1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish Kumar Banga ◽  
Parveen Kalra ◽  
Rajendra M. Belokar ◽  
Rajesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Foot Drop ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
New Material ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Purpose The purpose of this study is improvement of human gait by customized design of ankle foot orthosis (AFO). An has been the most frequently used orthosis in children with cerebral palsy. AFOs are designed to boost existing features or to avoid depression or traumatize muscle contractures. The advantages of AFO’s utilized for advancement in human walk attributes for the improvement in foot deformities patients or youngsters with spastic loss of motion. In this research on the customized design of AFO's to improve gait, there are limitations during walking of foot drop patients. In children with foot drops, specific AFOs were explicitly altered to improve parity and strength which are beneficial to walking positions. Design/methodology/approach This study proposes the customized design of AFOs using computerized and additive manufacturing for producing advances to alter the design and increase comfort for foot drop patients. Structuring the proposed design fabricated by using additive manufacturing and restricted material, the investigation was finalized at the Design Analysis Software (ANSYS). The system that performs best under investigation can additionally be printed using additive manufacturing. Findings The results show that the customized design of AFOs meets the patient’s requirements and could also be an alternative solution to the existing AFO design. The biomechanical consequences and mechanical properties of additive manufactured AFOs have been comparable to historically synthetic AFOs. While developing the novel AFO designs, the use of 3D printing has many benefits, including stiffness and weight optimization, to improve biomechanical function and comfort. To defeat the issues of foot drop patients, a customized AFO is used to improve the human gait cycle with new material and having better mechanical properties. Originality/value This research work focuses on the biomechanical impacts and mechanical properties of customized 3D-printed AFOs and compares them to traditionally made AFOs. Customized AFO design using 3D printing has numerous potential advantages, including new material with lightweight advancement, to improve biomechanical function and comfort. Normally, new applications mean an incremental collection of learning approximately the behavior of such gadgets and blending the new design, composite speculation and delivered substance production. The test results aim to overcome the new AFO structure issues and display the limited components and stress examination. The outcome of the research is the improved gait cycle of foot drop patients.

Day-to-Day Consistency of Lower Extremity Kinematics during Walking and Running

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Wolf ◽  
Renate List ◽  
Thomas Ukelo ◽  
Christian Maiwald ◽  
Alex Stacoff
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Almost All

Before conclusions can be drawn with respect to the quality of adaptations in human gait, the day-to-day consistency of the variables of interest must be known. The present study estimated the day-to-day consistency of kinematic variables collected during barefoot walking and running. Sixteen healthy subjects performed two gait analysis sessions based on skin markers. Test sessions were at least 1 week apart. In total, 48 ranges of motion were monitored for the hip, knee, ankle, and midfoot joint. Based on differences between the repeated gait analysis sessions, the day-to-day consistency was estimated. It was found that the day-to-day consistency was of the magnitude of 3 to 4 degrees for almost all ranges of motion independently of the test condition, the investigated joints, or the cardinal body plane. It was concluded that future studies on effects of interventions or on the characterization of pathological versus normative gait should consider the provided values of day-to-day consistency to improve their interpretation and conclusions.

The Effects of Application Site and Time of Vibration Stimulation: Changes in Gait Pattern and Muscle Activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 479-480 ◽  
pp. 475-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Ju So ◽  
Seong Hyun Kim ◽  
Dong Wook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Application Site ◽  
Threshold Intensity ◽  
Somatosensory Stimulation ◽  
Soles Of The Feet

This study was conducted to investigate changes in gait pattern that appear after somatosensory stimulation evoked by applying mechanical vibration to the ankle. The gait pattern was observed in a real time using a footswitch mounted on the soles of the feet in order to increase the effectiveness of vibration stimulation. Based on the observed gait pattern, the application site and time of vibration stimulation were determined. The changes in the gait pattern that appear after the application of vibration stimulation were analyzed by comparing the percentage of the gait cycle and the activation of the lower extremity muscles. This study was conducted on young adults, and the result showed that the gait cycle was changed according to the application site of vibrating stimulation, and that the vibration stimulation with intensity less than the threshold, induced a similar effect as shown in vibration stimulation with threshold intensity. The result of this study shows that vibration stimulation could be effectively utilized for gait correction and rehabilitation. It can be also used as basic data for inferring the correlation of the characteristics of vibration stimulation with gait variability.

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