Performance enhancement and fouling alleviation by controlling transmembrane pressure in a vibration membrane system for algae separation

2022 ◽  
pp. 120252
Author(s):  
Shuhong Jiang ◽  
Shaoze Xiao ◽  
Huaqiang Chu ◽  
Jingjing Sun ◽  
Zhenjiang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF KINETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF BAROMEMBRANE AND ELECTROBARMEMBRANE SEPARATION OF AMMONIUM NITRATE SOLUTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Sergey I. Lazarev ◽  
Sergey V. Kovalev ◽  
Dmitry N. Konovalov ◽  
Olga A. Kovaleva
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Membrane Systems ◽  
Specific Output ◽  
Output Stream ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate Solution ◽  
Current Voltage

The paper presents a generalized analysis of literature data on the current-voltage, omics characteristics and electrical conductivity of membrane systems. Based on an analysis of the literature, it is noted that electrodialysis is a promising method for the separation of solutions for the production of ammonium nitrate. An analysis of literature revealed that the application of an external constant electric field to the membrane separation of solutions containing charge-transporting components (nitrate ions and ammonium ions) causes the directed transfer of cations and anions through the membranes. The studies revealed that with the baromembrane separation of the studied solutions with increasing transmembrane pressure, the specific output stream increases. This is due to an increase in the driving force of the process. For the OFAM-K anode membrane, with an increase in the current density, with the electrobaromembrane separation of the ammonium nitrate solution, the specific output stream decreases, which is associated with a change in the pH value of the acidified anode permeate. nd for the OPMN-P cathode membrane, the specific output stream increases with a change in the pH of the alkalized cathode permeate. A modified mathematical equation is proposed for theoretical calculation of the specific output stream and the retention coefficient of the OFAM-K and OPMN-P nanofiltration membranes. Experimental studies of membrane systems equipped with the anode OFAM-K and the near-cathode OPMN-P membranes from voltage and transmembrane pressure revealed that for the aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate there are two characteristic periods on the current-voltage, omics characteristics and electrical conductivity of the membrane system (the first period is beyond regime, dissociation of water (H+ and OH-) at the phase boundary with the advent of additional electric current carriers, the second is the degradation of the active layer of a semipermeable membrane). When studying the current-voltage characteristics of a membrane system equipped with an anode OFAM-K and a near-cathode OPMN-P membranes, when separating model and technological solutions, a decrease in the total omics resistance of the system is observed, which is associated with the solution throttling process.

Surface water clarification by ultrafiltration with an immersed membrane system: effect of coagulation/aeration on flux enhancement

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Choksuchart ◽  
M. Héran ◽  
A. Grasmick
Keyword(s):  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
System Effect ◽  
Fiber Network ◽  
Membrane Cleaning ◽  
Concentrated Suspension

A new clarification system was developed to intensify a clarification step by ultrafiltration. Membrane modules equipped with capillary fibers were immersed in a reactor where a horizontal water circulation and a vertical air bubble circulation could assist in minimizing clogging inside the fiber network. Experiments were conducted with a clay particle suspension. Ferric chloride was added to induce coagulation of suspended particles. Results show that when filtering was operated under supracritical conditions clay deposit was observed on the membrane surface and a rapid increase in transmembrane pressure (TMP) value appeared. Air bubbling, and above all adding ferric chloride, allowed an actual enhancement of the filtering conditions. In optimal conditions, a very high concentrated suspension (5.0 g SS/L), filtering evolution was comparable to a clear water filtration until a 65 L/h/m2 permeate flux value (obtained under a 0.16 bar TMP), further a rapid fouling inside the fiber network appeared and obliged us to undertake specific membrane cleaning. The chosen membrane cleaning procedure showed that the particle deposit was the main fouling cause when filtering above the critical conditions.

scholarly journals Impact of Forward Osmosis Operating Pressure on Deformation, Efficiency and Concentration Polarisation with Novel Links to CFD

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Alexander J. Charlton ◽  
Gaetan Blandin ◽  
Greg Leslie ◽  
Pierre Le-Clech
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Shear Strain ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Concentration Polarisation

Forward osmosis (FO) modules currently suffer from performance efficiency limitations due to concentration polarisation (CP), as well as pressure drops during operation. There are incentives to further reduce CP effects, as well as optimise spacer design for pressure drop improvements and mechanical support. In this study, the effects of applying transmembrane pressure (TMP) on FO membrane deformation and the subsequent impact on module performance was investigated by comparing experimental data to 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations for three commercial FO modules. At a TMP of 1.5 bar the occlusion of the draw-channel induced by longitudinal pressure hydraulic drop was comparable for the Toray (16%) and HTI modules (12%); however, the hydraulic perimeter of the Profiera module was reduced by 46%. CFD simulation of the occluded channels indicated that a change in hydraulic perimeter due to a 62% increase in shear strain resulted in a 31% increase in the Reynolds number. This reduction in channel dimensions enhanced osmotic efficiency by reducing CP via improved draw-channel hydrodynamics, which significantly disrupted the external concentration polarization (ECP) layer. Furthermore, simulations indicated that the Reynolds number experienced only modest increases with applied TMP and that shear strain at the membrane surface was found to be the most important factor when predicting flux performance enhancement, which varied between the different modules. This work suggests that a numerical approach to assess the effects of draw-spacers on pressure drop and CP can optimize and reduce investment in the design and validation of FO module designs.

scholarly journals UTILIZAÇÃO DO RETENTADO DA ULTRAFILTRAÇÃO DO SUCO DE ACEROLA NA ELABORAÇÃO DE LICOR

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
EDMAR DAS MERCÊS PENHA ◽  
NATASCHA C. A. S. BRAGA ◽  
VIRGÍNIA MARTINS DA MATTA ◽  
LOURDES MARIA C. CABRAL ◽  
REGINA CÉLIA DELLA MODESTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Fabrication Process ◽  
Recommended Dietary Allowance ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Tubular Membrane ◽  
Filtration Area ◽  
Microbiological Analyses ◽  
Ultrafiltration Process

Estudou-se a preparação de licor mediante maceração alcoólica da fração retida no processo de ultrafiltração do suco de acerola, em sistema de membranas tubulares com peso molecular de corte de 30-80 kDa, área filtrante de 0,05 m2 e pressão de 200 kPa. As características sensoriais e nutricionais do licor foram avaliadas tendo-se como referência o licor preparado a partir da polpa de acerola fresca pelo mesmo processo de fabricação. Os licores foram preparados partindo-se de mistura 1:1 de polpa de acerola ou do retentado da ultrafiltração e álcool de milho. Após 15 dias de maceração adicionou-se açúcar até concentração de 250 g/L e o teor alcoólico foi ajustado para 18 oGL. Os licores apresentaram teores de vitamina C semelhantes, na faixa de 0,400 g/100 g, cerca de seis vezes mais que a dose diária recomendada para um adulto. As análises microbiológicas da polpa de acerola, do retentado e dos licores atenderam aos padrões estabelecidos pela legislação vigente. O aroma alcoólico tornou-se mais evidenciado no licor de retentado enquanto que o aroma e o sabor frutal mostraram-se mais pronunciados no licor de polpa de acerola. A percepção do aroma doce também foi bastante pronunciada no licor de polpa de acerola. A pungência do licor de retentado mostrou-se menor que a do licor de polpa de acerola. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que o licor elaborado a partir do retentado da ultrafiltração do suco de acerola apresenta características similares às do licor preparado com a própria polpa. UTILIZATION OF ACEROLA JUICE ULTRAFILTRATION RETENTATE IN A LIQUEUR ELABORATION Abstract The preparation of a liqueur by alcoholic maceration of the fraction retained in the acerola juice ultrafiltration process, in tubular membrane system with molecular weight of 30-80 kDa cut-off, filtration area of 0.05 m2 and 200 kPa of transmembrane pressure was studied. The nutritional and sensory characteristics of the liqueur were evaluated having as standard the liqueur prepared from fresh acerola pulp by the same fabrication process. Liqueurs were prepared from a 1:1 mixture of acerola pulp or retentate and corn alcohol. After 15 days of maceration, sugar was added until a concentration of 250 g/L and alcohol grade was adjusted to 18 oGL. The vitamin C content of both liqueurs were similar, about 0,400 g/100 g, corresponding to almost six times the vitamin C recommended dietary allowance for an adult. Microbiological analyses of acerola pulp, retentate and liqueurs attended the standards established by legislation. Alcoholic aroma was more pronounced in the retentate liqueur while the fruit aroma and flavor were more pronounced in the pulp liqueur. The perception of the sweet aroma was also well pronounced in the acerola pulp liqueur. The pungency of the retentate liqueur was lower than the acerola pulp liqueur. The results obtained showed that the liqueur elaborated from the acerola juice ultrafiltration retentate present similar characteristics to the liqueur prepared from the pulp.

Mass Transfer Process in Nonporous Tubular Membrane for Extraction of Phenol with Caustic Stripping Solution

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1229-1232
Author(s):  
Min Xiao ◽  
Xiao Jun Hu ◽  
Shi Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Caustic Solution ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Rubber Membrane ◽  
Initial Phenol Concentration

Mass extraction process of phenol from aqueous solution to a caustic solution through nonporous silicone rubber membrane was investigated. The effects of liquid flow status, pH of stripping solution, initial phenol concentration, transmembrane pressure, and system temperature on mass transfer coefficient were discussed. Based upon the resistance-in-series model, the overall mass transfer coefficient (OMTC) across membrane was calculated. The experiment results showed OMTCs presented logarithmic relation to the Reynolds number, while the changes of flow status had little effect on OMTCs at the higher Reynolds numbers (Ret>86.5 and Res>2000), which indicated that mass transfer of phenol was dominated by membrane resistance for nonporous membrane system (3.72×10-7m•s-1). The presence of transmembrane pressure went against permeability of phenol. Moreover, OMTC was linearly proportional to the initial phenol concentration in the range of 5,000-7,500 mg•l-1, and reached a plateau value at higher phenol initial concentration. OMTC was directly proportionate to the temperature in this process. Mass transfer of phenol through nonporous membrane was scarcely affected by pH value of the stripping solution.

Ceramac®-19 demonstration plant ceramic microfiltration at Choa Chu Kang Waterworks

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Galjaard ◽  
Jonathan Clement ◽  
Wui Seng Ang ◽  
Mong Hoo Lim
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Membrane Systems ◽  
Steel Vessel ◽  
Stainless Steel Vessel ◽  
Demonstration Plant

Ceramic membrane technology is used in water treatment due to the robustness of ceramic membranes, but ceramic membrane systems are costly as each membrane module is housed in individual casing. PWNT has developed a ceramic membrane system called the CeraMac which greatly reduced the capital cost of installing the system by housing up to 200 modules in a single stainless steel vessel. PWNT and PUB have jointly started a 18-month operation at Choa Chu Kang Waterworks (CCKWW). In this paper, the results of the optimization runs using settled water as feed has shown that membrane operation at flux of 200 lmh can be sustained with stable transmembrane pressure (TMP) and permeability, and the proposal to apply 0.5 mg/L residual ozone to the feed to investigate the effect of ozonated feed on membrane operational performance and fouling will be discussed.

Performance enhancement of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane by blending with polyurethane hydrophilic polymer

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (2-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gangasalam Arthanareeswaran ◽  
S. Velu ◽  
Loganathan Muruganandam
Keyword(s):  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Skin Layer ◽  
Coagulation Bath ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Casting Solution ◽  
Phase Inversion Method

Abstract The aim of this work was to study the effect of two solvents such as N,N′-dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethylacetamide (DMAc) used in the production of polysulfone (PSf) and polyurethane (PU) blend ultrafiltration membranes, influence permeability and selectivity. PSf/PU membranes were prepared by the phase inversion method using polymer concentrations of 100/0, 20/80 and 0/100 wt%. Permeation performance of the prepared membranes was evaluated in terms of pure water flux, water content and hydraulic resistance. It was found that the membrane composed of 20/80 wt% of PSf/PU in the presence of DMAc showed a water flux of 60.5 l m-2h-1 under transmembrane pressure of 345 kPa, and the water flux of 23.5 l m-2h-1 for 20/80 wt% of PSf/PU in the presence of DMF. With increasing the polarity of DMAc in the casting solution, an increase in porous layer thickness was observed, and then a good water flux of membranes can be obtained. It was found that the polar solvent caused the rapidly demixing of casting solution in coagulation bath and formed porous asymmetric membranes with defective skin layer. The permeation rates of proteins were measured with different molecular weights of the proteins.

scholarly journals Voltamper and Permeable Characteristics of Electrobaro-Membrane Purification of Galvanic Wastes from Mg2+, Fe2+, Ions

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-636
Author(s):  
S. I. Lazarev ◽  
◽  
A. A. Levin ◽  
S. V. Kovalev ◽  
M. I. Mikhailin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Polymer Membranes ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Model Solution ◽  
Porous Membranes ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Current Voltage Characteristics ◽  
Permeable Polymer ◽  
Limit Mode

The analysis of literature data on current-voltage characteristics (CVCs) and permeability of electromembrane systems in the processing of technological solutions of various industries is given. It is noted that electromembrane systems containing porous semi-permeable polymer membranes are insufficiently studied. The results of experimental studies on the CVCs of a membrane system equipped with an anode UAM-100, MGA-95 and near-cathode UAM-100, MGA-95 membranes during the separation of a model solution containing Mg2+, Fe2+, ions are presented. It is shown that in the study of membrane systems equipped with porous membranes, under the action of voltage and transmembrane pressure, as a result of the treatment of the model solution, two characteristic periods are noted on the CVCs (out-of-limit mode, intense electroosmotic transfer).

Impact of transmembrane pressure (TMP) on membrane fouling in microalgae harvesting with a uniform shearing vibration membrane system

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 613-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhong Jiang ◽  
Yalei Zhang ◽  
Fangchao Zhao ◽  
Zhenjiang Yu ◽  
Xuefei Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Microalgae Harvesting

scholarly journals MELHORIA NA EFICIÊNCIA DA CLARIFICAÇÃO DE SUCO DE MARACUJÁ PELA COMBINAÇÃO DOS PROCESSOS DE MICROFILTRAÇÃO E ENZIMÁTICO

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
BRENO DE PAULA ◽  
INGRID V.M. MORAES ◽  
CAROLINA C. CASTILHO ◽  
FLÁVIA DOS SANTOS GOMES ◽  
VIRGÍNIA MARTINS DA MATTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Juice Clarification ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Concentration Levels ◽  
Fruit Juice Clarification

Este trabalho teve como objetivo a obtenção de suco clarificado de maracujá, utilizando a técnica de microfiltração. Introduziu-se a etapa de tratamento enzimático antes da microfiltração, visando aumentar a eficiência do processo pela redução da viscosidade e do teor de polpa do suco. Foram testadas três diferentes enzimas hidrolíticas em três níveis de concentração. Os resultados não mostraram diferenças significativas quanto ao Brix, pH e acidez das amostras de suco hidrolisado em relação ao suco integral. Observou-se efeito positivo da ação das enzimas na redução da viscosidade e do teor de polpa. A microfiltração foi realizada em sistema de membrana tubular com tamanho médio de poro equivalente a 0,3 µm e pressão transmembrana de 1,5 bar. O suco permeado apresentou-se límpido, isento de polpa e com qualidade e sanidade microbiológica. Tais resultados comprovaram a eficiência da microfiltração para clarificação e estabilização de sucos de frutas. IMPROVEMENT IN THE EFFICIENCY OF PASSION FRUIT JUICE CLARIFICATION BY THE COMBINATION OF MICROFILTRATION AND ENZYMATIC PROCESSES Abstract This work had as objective the obtention of clarified passion fruit juice by using the microfiltration technique. A step of enzymatic treatment was introduced before microfiltration, aiming to enhance process efficiency by reduction of viscosity and pulp content of the juice. Three different hidrolytic enzymes were tested in three concentration levels. The results didn’t demonstrate significant differences in Brix, pH and acidity of the hidrolyzed juice samples in relation to the concentrated juice. Positive effect was observed in the action of the enzymes in the reduction of viscosity and pulp content. The microfiltration was realized in a tubular membrane system with average size of the pore equivalent to 0.3 m and transmembrane pressure of 1.5 bar. The permeate juice was clear, free from pulp and with good micribiological quality. Such results proved the efficiency of microfiltration for clarification and stabilization of fruit juices.

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