Alternate day fasting (ADF) with a high-fat diet produces similar weight loss and cardio-protection as ADF with a low-fat diet

Metabolism ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica C. Klempel ◽  
Cynthia M. Kroeger ◽  
Krista A. Varady
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Alternate Day Fasting ◽  
Similar Weight ◽  
Cardio Protection

Obese Adipose Tissue Modulates Pro-inflammatory Responses of Mouse Airway Epithelial Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Ather ◽  
Katherine E Van Der Vliet ◽  
Madeleine M Mank ◽  
Leah F Reed ◽  
Anne E Dixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Airway Epithelial Cells ◽  
Airway Epithelial ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet

Although recognized as an important endocrine organ, little is known about the mechanisms through which adipose tissue can regulate inflammatory responses in distant tissues, such as lung, that are affected by obesity. To explore potential mechanisms, male C57BL/6J mice were provided either high-fat diet, low-fat diet, or were provided a high-fat diet then switched to the low-fat diet to promote weight loss. Visceral adipocytes were then cultured in vitro to generate conditioned media (CM) that was used to treat both primary (MTEC) and immortalized (MTCC) airway epithelial cells. Adiponectin levels were greatly depressed in the CM from both obese and diet-switched adipocytes relative to mice continually fed the low-fat diet. MTEC from obese mice secreted higher baseline levels of inflammatory cytokines than MTEC from lean or diet-switched mice. MTEC treated with obese adipocyte CM increased their secretion of these cytokines compared to MTEC treated with lean CM. Diet-switched CM modestly decreased the production of cytokines compared to obese CM, and these effects were recapitulated when the CM was used to treat MTCC. Adipose stromal vascular cells from obese mice expressed genes consistent with an M1 macrophage phenotype and decreased eosinophil abundance compared to lean SVF, a profile that persisted in the lean diet-switched mice despite substantial weight loss. Soluble factors secreted from obese adipocytes exert a pro-inflammatory effect on airway epithelial cells, and these alterations are attenuated by diet-induced weight loss, which could have implications for the airway dysfunction related to obese asthma and its mitigation by weight loss.

scholarly journals Adiponectin and 8-epi-PGF2α as intermediate influence factors in weight reduction after legumes consumption: a 12-week randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngmin Han ◽  
Jong Ho Lee ◽  
Minjoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Obese Subjects

Abstract Background and Aims: The current nutritional intervention study was designed to determine the effect of legume on body weight in obese subjects. Methods Randomized controlled study of 12 weeks with 383 participants (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) was enrolled for the study. The intervention program consisted of replacing 1/3 refined rice intake with legumes three times per day as a carbohydrate source in high fat diet group. In contrast, low fat diet group was recommended to eat as their usual diet. Results In high fat diet group, intake of energy and carbohydrate were lower, while the intake of fat and protein were higher. Mean weight loss at 12 weeks was 2.87 ± 0.21 kg and 0.17 ± 0.11 kg in the high fat diet group and low fat diet group, respectively, and was significantly different between groups (P < 0.001). HDL-cholesterol and adiponectin were increased, while glucose, insulin, triglyceride, HOMA-IR index, and 8-epi-PGF2α were decreased at 12 weeks in the high fat diet group compared with baseline. Conclusions The conclusion is that the consumption of legumes may accelerate weight loss accompanied by regulation of adiponectin and 8-epi-PGF2α in obese subjects. Also, increases in plasma adiponectin induced by a larger amount of weight loss may relate to greater activation of insulin resistance. Trial registrations: NCT04392882 (Registered 19 May 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04392882?cond=NCT04392882&draw=2&rank=1)

scholarly journals Effects of weight loss via high fat vs. low fat alternate day fasting diets on free fatty acid profiles

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista A. Varady ◽  
Vi T. Dam ◽  
Monica C. Klempel ◽  
Matthew Horne ◽  
Rani Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Alternate Day Fasting

Abstract 480: Exacerbation of Arterial Stiffness in Obese Adiponectin Deficient Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megha Murali ◽  
Carla Taylor ◽  
Peter Zahradka ◽  
Jeffrey Wigle
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Background and Objective: Arterial stiffness is recognized as being an independent predictor of incipient vascular disease associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. In obese subjects, the decrease in the plasma level of adiponectin, an anti-diabetic and anti-atherogenic adipokine, is well known. Hence the aim of our study was to examine the effect of loss of adiponectin on the development of arterial stiffness in response to a high fat diet. Methods and Results: Male 8-week old adiponectin knockout (APN KO) and C57BL/6 (control) mice were fed a high fat diet (60% Calories from fat) for 12 weeks to induce obesity and insulin resistance (n=10/group). APN KO and C57BL/6 mice were fed a low fat diet (10% Calories from fat) and used as lean controls (n=10/group). After 12 weeks on the high fat diet, the APN KO mice weighed significantly more than the C57BL/6 mice (45.1±1.3 g vs 40.1±1.1 g, p=0.0008) but there was no difference in the final weights between genotypes fed the low fat diet. APN KO mice on both high and low fat diets for 12 weeks developed insulin resistance as measured by oral glucose tolerance test (Area under curve (AUC) mmol/L х min = 437±70 and 438±57) as compared to the C57BL/6 mice fed low or high fat diets (AUC mmol/L х min = 251±27 and 245±43). Arterial stiffness was determined by Doppler pulse wave velocity analysis of the femoral artery. Pulse wave velocity was increased in APN KO mice fed a high fat diet relative to those fed the low fat diet (12.56±0.78 cm/s vs 9.47±0.95 cm/s, p=0.0035; n=8-10). Pulse wave velocity was not different between C57BL/6 control mice on the low or high fat diets (10.63±0.73 cm/s and 10.86±0.50 cm/s), thus revealing that only mice deficient in adiponectin developed arterial stiffness in response to high fat diet. Conclusions: Potentiation of the vascular stiffness in diet-induced obese APN KO mice indicates that adiponectin has a role in modulating vascular structure and the APN KO mouse models the vascular changes that occur in human obesity and metabolic disorders. Morphometric analysis of the aortic tissues for vessel thickness and expression of extracellular proteins will further validate the potential role of adiponectin on the maintenance of arterial elasticity in addition to its known effect on eNOS mediated vasoprotection.

scholarly journals Influence of gender on OVA-induced airway inflammation in C57/B6J mice on a high-fat diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 205873921876094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Yu ◽  
Lili Zhu ◽  
Haiyan Li ◽  
Youyou Shao ◽  
Lei Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Control Male ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Asthma Group

Overweight/obesity has been suggested as a risk factor for asthma development, and prospective studies have confirmed that high body weight precedes asthma symptoms. However, the nature of the association between overweight/obese status and asthma remains unclear. Animal models of obesity-related asthma are very useful for understanding disease pathophysiology. Although C57/B6J mice are the most widely used animal model for researching obesity-related asthma, gender differences are not always taken into consideration. Therefore, to explore the effect of gender on the development of obesity-related asthma, both female and male C57/B6J mice were used in this study. The mice were fed with a high-fat diet or a low-fat diet as control. Body weight, body length, liver weight, and Lee’s Index were used to evaluate obesity status, and lung histology, lung inflammatory cells infiltration, and inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were examined for asthma evaluation. We found that the mean body weight of male mice on a high-fat diet gradually increased and was significantly higher than control male mice on a low-fat diet ( P < 0.01), while no significant differences were found between female mice at the end of 12 weeks of feeding. Furthermore, the obese asthma group female and male mice exhibited significantly high inflammatory cells infiltration than normal weight or obese female and male mice ( P < 0.01). However, the obese asthma group presented higher Neu infiltration, Th1 cytokine, and interferon gamma (IFNγ) concentrations in BALF than the asthma group in both the genders ( P < 0.01). In conclusion, both female and male mice are suitable for the obesity-related asthma model, although male mice might be more stable. Besides, obesity-related asthma is not Th2 type asthma.

scholarly journals SERUM LIPID PROFILE;

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 500-507
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ANWAR BURIRO ◽  
MUHAMMAD TAYYAB
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Lipid Fractions

Objective: To determine the effects of Nigella sativa and sunflower oil diet intake on serum lipid profile in albino rats. Material& Methods: Eighty four albino rats with equal number of males and females were selected for the study, they were divided into six differentgroups, Control groups1,111,V,were given low fat diet(3%),high fat diet(20%), high fat diet supplemented with bile salt (1% colic acid) andantithyroid drug (0.5% propylthiouracil). The Experimental groups were given the above diets with supplemented Nigella sativa. Low fat dietincreased all the lipid fractions significantly when given at12 and 24 weeks duration as compared to 0 week. Results: The high fat diet whengiven at different intervals decreased all lipid fractions significantly as compared to baseline level. The high fat diet with propylthiouracil andbile salt also increased all the lipid fractions and the increase was more as compared to previous groups. The supplements of Nigella sativain the groups decreased all the lipid fractions significantly as compared to the control groups except HDL-c, which was significantly increasedin all the experimental groups as compared to control groups. Conclusion: On the basis of these findings conclusions are made, that Nigellasativa has got TG,TC, and LDL-c lowering and HDL-c raising effects.3% sunflower oil low fat diet has got TG,TC,HDL-c, and LDL-c raisingeffects.20% sunflower oil high fat diet has got TG,TC,HDL-c and LDL-c lowering effects. Both Nigella sativa and sunflower oil have got lowatherogenic index (TC/HDL) and may be recommended in hyperlipidaemic patients or normal individuals.

Whole body insulin sensitivity in Osborne-Mendel and S 5B/Pl rats eating a low- or high-fat diet

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. R785-R789 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Buchanan ◽  
J. S. Fisler ◽  
S. Underberger ◽  
G. F. Sipos ◽  
G. A. Bray
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Glucose Clearance ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Feeding

To determine whether whole body insulin sensitivity differs between a rat strain that does not (S 5B/Pl) and a strain that does [Osborne-Mendel (OM)] become obese when eating a high-fat diet, we performed euglycemic clamp studies in animals from each strain during low- and high-fat feeding. Clamps were performed after 2 days ("initial clamp") and 9 days ("final clamp") on each diet. Plasma glucose and insulin levels during the final 60 min of initial and final clamps were similar in S 5B/Pl and OM rats regardless of diet. Insulin sensitivity, measured as the glucose clearance rate during the final 60 min of the clamp, averaged 35 +/- 3 ml.kg-1.min-1 in S 5B/Pl rats after 2 days on a low-fat diet. This did not change significantly during an additional 7 days on the low-fat diet. The high-fat diet was associated with a 13% reduction in insulin sensitivity after 2 days and a 30% reduction after 9 days in S 5B/Pl rats. OM rats exhibited similar patterns of insulin sensitivity during low- and high-fat diets, albeit at lower insulin sensitivity overall (P < 0.0005 vs. S 5B/Pl). Mean glucose clearance after 2 days on the low-fat diet was 27 +/- 2 mg.kg-1.min-1 and did not change significantly during seven more days of low-fat feeding. The high-fat diet was associated with a 19% reduction in glucose clearance after 2 days and a 38% reduction after 9 days in OM rats. The magnitude of reduction in insulin sensitivity during high-fat diets did not differ significantly between strains.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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