The impact of Bacillus subtilis 18 isolated from Tibetan yaks on growth performance and gut microbial community in mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aoyun Li ◽  
Xiong Jiang ◽  
Yaping Wang ◽  
Lihong Zhang ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals 129 Effects of a multi-strain Bacillus subtilis-based direct-fed microbial on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and colonic pH in diets fed to weanling pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 101-102
Author(s):  
Jaron R Lewton ◽  
Adrienne Woodward ◽  
Ronny Moser ◽  
Kyan M Thelen ◽  
Adam J Moeser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Fiber Digestion ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a multi-strain Bacillus subtilis-based direct-fed microbial (DFM) on apparent digestibility and colonic pH of nursery pigs. Eighty pigs, of equal number of barrows and gilts (initial BW: 6.99 ± 1.67 kg), were weaned at 21 ± 1 d and randomly allotted to sixteen pens, with five pigs per pen. Two dietary treatments were implemented, a basal control (CON) and a control plus DFM (DFM). Both diets were corn, soybean meal, and distillers dried grains based, formulated to meet all or exceed all nutritional requirements, and manufactured on site. Diets were fed for 42 days. Performance measures were recorded weekly. On d 21 and 42 of the experiment, one pig per pen was randomly selected and euthanized, with equal number of males and females represented. Digestibility of specific nutrients was evaluated within the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, ascending and distal colon. There were no overall differences in growth performance. Overall means ± SD were 0.51 ± 0.05 kg/d, 0.79 ± 0.05 kg/d and 0.66 ± 0.05 for ADG, ADFI, and G:F, respectively. Digestibility of tryptophan within the jejunum tended (P = 0.06) to increase with addition of DFM, as did cysteine (P = 0.12) and methionine (P = 0.10). The analysis also suggested that the impact of the DFM on the digestibility of amino acids may be early in the nursery phase. The pH of contents in ascending colon, a possible indicator of varied fiber digestion, did not differ. Likewise, no differences were observed between treatment in apparent total tract nitrogen and energy digestibility (analysis of distal colon contents). The addition of a multi-strain Bacillus subtilis-based DFM appears to impact digestibility of select amino acids depending upon location in the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Growth Performance and Adaptability of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Gut Microbiota to Alternative Diets Free of Fish Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pérez-Pascual ◽  
Jordi Estellé ◽  
Gilbert Dutto ◽  
Charles Rodde ◽  
Jean-François Bernardet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Fish Diets ◽  
Gut Microbial Community

Innovative fish diets made of terrestrial plants supplemented with sustainable protein sources free of fish-derived proteins could contribute to reducing the environmental impact of the farmed fish industry. However, such alternative diets may influence fish gut microbial community, health, and, ultimately, growth performance. Here, we developed five fish feed formulas composed of terrestrial plant-based nutrients, in which fish-derived proteins were substituted with sustainable protein sources, including insect larvae, cyanobacteria, yeast, or recycled processed poultry protein. We then analyzed the growth performance of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) and the evolution of gut microbiota of fish fed the five formulations. We showed that replacement of 15% protein of a vegetal formulation by insect or yeast proteins led to a significantly higher fish growth performance and feed intake when compared with the full vegetal formulation, with feed conversion ratio similar to a commercial diet. 16S rRNA gene sequencing monitoring of the sea bass gut microbial community showed a predominance of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes phyla. The partial replacement of protein source in fish diets was not associated with significant differences on gut microbial richness. Overall, our study highlights the adaptability of European sea bass gut microbiota composition to changes in fish diet and identifies promising alternative protein sources for sustainable aquafeeds with terrestrial vegetal complements.

scholarly journals Dietary Montmorillonite Improves the Intestinal Mucosal Barrier and Optimizes the Intestinal Microbial Community of Weaned Piglets

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Liu ◽  
Congmin Wang ◽  
Xueling Gu ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Cunxi Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Mucosal Barrier Function ◽  
The Impact

The study investigated the impact of dietary montmorillonite on the growth performance, intestinal mucosal barrier, and microbial community in weaned piglets with control group (CON) and dietary supplementation of 0.2% montmorillonite (0.2% M). Compared with the CON group, 0.2% M feed in the diet increased the average daily gain (ADG) on days 15–35 and day 1–35 and the average daily feed intake on days 1–35 (ADFI) (0.05 < P < 0.1). Besides, higher villus height of the duodenum and jejunum and lower crypt depth of duodenum and colon were revealed in the 0.2% M group than in the CON group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the V/C (ratio of the villus height and crypt depth) in the 0.2% M group was increased compared to that in the CON group both from the duodenum and ileum (P < 0.05). The relative mRNA expression of mucin-1, ITGB1 (β1-integrins), and PKC (protein kinase C) of ileum in the 0.2% M group were upregulated (P < 0.05) compared to that in the CON group. The digesta sample of ileum from piglets in the 0.2% M group contained greater (P < 0.05) intestinal bacterial diversity and abundances of probiotics, such as Streptococcus, Eubacterium_rectale_group, and Lactobacillus, which could promote the synthesis of carbon-containing biomolecules. Overall, dietary supplementation of 0.2% M was shown to have a tendency to improve the growth performance of weaned piglets and may enhance their intestinal mucosal barrier function via altering the gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Torula yeast in the diet of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and the impact on growth performance and gut microbiome

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Leeper ◽  
Ricardo Ekmay ◽  
Stephen Knobloch ◽  
Sigurlaug Skírnisdóttir ◽  
Madhushri Varunjikar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Torula Yeast ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAtlantic salmon aquaculture is expanding, and with it, the need to find suitable replacements for conventional protein sources used in formulated feeds. Torula yeast (Cyberlindnera jadinii), has been identified as a promising alternative protein for feed and can be sustainably cultivated on lignocellulosic biomasses. The present study investigated the impact of torula yeast on the growth performance and gut microbiome of freshwater Atlantic salmon. A marine protein base diet and a mixed marine and plant protein base diet were tested, where conventional proteins were replaced with increasing inclusion levels of torula yeast, (0%, 10%, 20%). This study demonstrated that 20% torula yeast can replace fish meal without alteration to growth performance while leading to potential benefits for the gut microbiome by increasing the presence of bacteria positively associated with the host. However, when torula yeast replaced plant meal in a mixed protein diet, results suggested that 10% inclusion of yeast produced the best growth performance results but at the 20% inclusion level of yeast, potentially negative changes were observed in the gut microbial community, such as a decrease in lactic acid bacteria. This study supports the continued investigation of torula yeast for Atlantic salmon as a partial replacement for conventional proteins.

scholarly journals Dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis promotes growth performance of broilers by altering the dominant microbial community

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 100935
Author(s):  
Shan Zhang ◽  
Guang Zhong ◽  
Dan Shao ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Yan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dietary Supplementation

Single aflatoxin B1 exposure induces changes in gut microbiota community in C57Bl/6 mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.T. Ishikawa ◽  
J.S. Weese ◽  
A.P.F.R.L. Bracarense ◽  
A.A. Alfieri ◽  
G.G. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Single Oral Administration ◽  
Aflatoxin B ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

The liver and the gastrointestinal tract are the earliest target for the harmful effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). This study investigated the impact of a single oral administration of AFB1 (663 µg of AFB1/kg of body weight) on the gut microbial community of C57Bl/6 mice. Sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was performed with an Illumina MiSeq sequencer. AFB1 caused significant increases in the Lachnospiraceae family and decreases in Mucispirillum genus. In conclusion, a single oral dose of AFB1 changed the relative abundances of some taxa, but not the overall membership or structure of intestinal microbial communities in C57Bl/6 mice.

scholarly journals The Effect of Rhizophagus irregularis, Bacillus subtilis and Water Regime on the Plant–Microbial Soil System: The Case of Lactuca sativa

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2183
Author(s):  
Charitini Nikolaidou ◽  
Nikolaos Monokrousos ◽  
Pantelitsa D. Kapagianni ◽  
Michael Orfanoudakis ◽  
Triantafyllia Dermitzoglou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Rhizophagus Irregularis ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rhizosphere Microbial Community

Inoculation with beneficial microbes represents a promising solution for sustainable agricultural production; however, knowledge on the effects of inoculants on the indigenous microbial communities remains limited. Here, we evaluated the impact of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis and the promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus subtilis on the growth of Lactuca sativa. The biomass, the composition, and the enzyme activity (urease, acid phosphatase, and β-glycosidase) of the rhizosphere microbial community at two soil moisture levels (5 and 10% soil water content) were evaluated. Fungal colonization was lower in co-inoculated plants than those only inoculated with R. irregularis. Plant growth was enhanced in co-inoculated and B. subtilis inoculated soils. Bacterial biomass and the composition of the microbial communities responded to the joint effect of inoculant type × water regime while the biomass of the other microbial groups (fungi, actinomycetes, microeukaryotes) was only affected by inoculant type. Co-inoculation enhanced the activity of acid phosphatase, indicating a synergistic effect of the two inoculants. Co-inoculation positively impacted the index reflecting plant–microbial soil functions under both water regimes. We concluded that the interactions between the two inocula as well as between them and the resident rhizosphere microbial community were mainly negative. However, the negative interactions between R. irregularis and B. subtilis were not reflected in plant biomass. The knowledge of the plant and rhizosphere microbial responses to single and co-inoculation and their dependency on abiotic conditions is valuable for the construction of synthetic microbial communities that could be used as efficient inocula.

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