scholarly journals A study of various factors affecting satellitism tests of Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae using Staphylococcus aureus as the source of NAD

2022 ◽  
pp. 106417
Author(s):  
Yu Xi ◽  
Hexuan Wang ◽  
Shanmei Wang ◽  
Xuxiao Wu ◽  
Zeyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Haemophilus Parainfluenzae

scholarly journals Influencing factors in the satellitism test of Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae supplemented V factor by Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Xi ◽  
Hexuan Wang ◽  
Shanmei Wang ◽  
Xuxiao Wu ◽  
Zeyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Haemophilus Parainfluenzae ◽  
Reference Strains

Abstract Background: Many factors affecting satellitism test are not clear, and it is difficult to avoid misidentified even if the medium is properly selected. We investigated the factors that cause false positives of Haemophilus influenzae and false negatives of Haemophilus parainfluenzae in the satellitism test supplemented V factor by Staphylococcus aureus.Methods: H. influenzae (four reference strains and 47 clinical isolates), H. parainfluenzae (two reference strains and 67 clinical isolates), four different media, and two strains of S. aureus activated on two different media were involved in this study.Results: The type of medium used to activate S. aureus was the most common factor causing false positives of H. influenzae, followed by the strain of S. aureus, and again the type of medium used for the experiment. The production of false negatives of H. parainfluenzae was only related to the medium used in the experiment.Conclusions: Tryptic soy agar and S. aureus (ATCC 25923) activated with nutrient agar should be used in the satellitism test for Haemophilus spp. to improve the accuracy of the test.

scholarly journals Infective endocarditis caused by HACEK group bacteria—a registry-based comparative study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bläckberg ◽  
Christian Morenius ◽  
Lars Olaison ◽  
Andreas Berge ◽  
Magnus Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Prosthetic Valve ◽  
Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Prosthetic Valves

AbstractInfective endocarditis (IE) caused by bacteria within Haemophilus (excluding Haemophilus influenzae), Aggregatibacter, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella and Kingella (HACEK) is rare. This study aimed to describe clinical features of IE caused by HACEK genera in comparison with IE due to other pathogens. Cases of IE due to HACEK were identified through the Swedish Registry of Infective Endocarditis (SRIE). Clinical characteristics of IE cases caused by HACEK were compared with cases of IE due to other pathogens reported to the same registry. Ninety-six patients with IE caused by HACEK were identified, and this corresponds to 1.8% of all IE cases. Eighty-three cases were definite endocarditis, and the mortality rate was 2%. The median age was 63 years, which was lower compared to patients with IE caused by other pathogens (66, 70 and 73 years respectively, p ≤ 0.01). Patients with IE caused by Haemophilus were younger compared to patients with IE due to Aggregatibacter (47 vs 67 years, p ≤ 0.001). Patients with IE due to HACEK exhibited longer duration from onset of symptoms to hospitalization and had more prosthetic valve endocarditis compared to patients with IE due to Staphylococcus aureus (10 vs 2 days, p ≤ 0.001, and 35 vs 14%, p ≤ 0.001). This is, to date, the largest study on IE due to HACEK. Aggregatibacter was the most common cause of IE within the group. The condition has a subacute onset and often strikes in patients with prosthetic valves, and the mortality rate is relatively low.

scholarly journals 1554. Epidemiology of Adult Bacterial Hand Infections at Two Urban Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S777-S778
Author(s):  
Arsheena Yassin ◽  
Christine Stavropoulos ◽  
Krystina L Woods ◽  
Jiashan Xu ◽  
Justin Carale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Regimen ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Streptococcus Species ◽  
Urban Hospitals ◽  
Haemophilus Parainfluenzae ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

Abstract Background Hand infections represent a major source of morbidity, which can result in hand stiffness and amputation. Early appropriate empiric antibiotic regimen may reduce the associated morbidity, hence the importance to examine local epidemiology. The aim of this study was to define the current epidemiology of adult hand infections at two urban hospitals in New York City. Methods We performed a double center, retrospective study of adult patients hospitalized from March 2018 to May 2020. Patients with positive cultures associated with the hand infections were included. Retrospectively, 100 patients were reviewed. Data on baseline demographic, clinical, surgical, microbiology, and treatment parameters were collected. Results Of the 100 patients, 76% were male, with median age of 47.5 years (35, 58.25) and average C-reactive protein (CRP) of 50.66 mg/L (± 64.64) on admission (see Table 1). Previous hospitalization within 1 year (38%), previous surgical procedures (39%) and recent IV medication use (26%) were common. 130 bacterial isolates were identified (see Table 2). The most frequent organisms were Gram-positive, with Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA, 25.38%), Streptococcus species (20.08%), and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, 15.38%) being the most common. Gram-negative organisms were infrequent, with Haemophilus parainfluenzae (3.85%), Enterobacter cloacae (3.85) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.08%) being the most prevalent. Of the 100 patients, 27% had polymicrobial infections, associated with trauma (6%), illicit IV use (6%) and unknown (7%) etiologies. Table 1: Baseline demographics and co-morbid conditions Table 2: Types and numbers of organisms in relation to etiologies Conclusion Within our population, the most common organisms associated with hand infections were Gram-positive, with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species being the most prevalent. Gram-negative pathogens were infrequently isolated. The results within this study can provide guidance to clinicians on assessing the appropriate empiric antibiotic regimen in patients with hand infections, and can serve as a basis for further studies identifying risk factors associated with isolation of organisms associated with hand infections. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Pleural Fluid PCR Method for Detection of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in Pediatric Parapneumonic Effusions

Respiration ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Eda Utine ◽  
Ahmet Pinar ◽  
Uğur Özçelik ◽  
Burçin Şener ◽  
Ebru Yalçin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Pcr Method

Bacteremia With Otitis Media

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara A. Schutzman ◽  
Stephen Petrycki ◽  
Gary R. Fleisher
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Focus Of Infection ◽  
Persistent Bacteremia

To investigate the occurrence and outcome of bacteremia associated with otitis media, charts were reviewed from patients who were 3 to 36 months of age, had temperatures ≥39°C, and were diagnosed with isolated clinical otitis media. A total of 2982 patients were identified. Blood cultures were obtained from 1666 (56%). Of the 1666 patients, who had blood drawn for cultures, 50 (3.0%) had bacteremia. These included 39 with Streptococcus pneumoniae, 4 with Haemophilus influenzae, 2 with Neisseria meningitidis, 3 with Salmonella species, and 2 with Staphylococcus aureus. The incidence of bacteremia increased at higher temperatures, being 1.9% at temperatures ≤40°C and 5.0% at temperatures >40°C. Younger children were more likely to have bacteremia; 3.7% ≤12 months of age, 2.4% 13 to 24 months of age, and 1.9% 25 to 36 months of age had blood culture results that were positive (not significant). Reevaluation of the 50 bacteremic patients showed that 9 patients had continued fever, 3 patients had persistent bacteremia, pneumonia developed in 1 patient, and meningitis developed in 1 patient. It was concluded that (1) 3% of young febrile children with otitis media have bacteremia at the time of evaluation, a rate comparable to that previously reported in children with no focus of infection; (2) the incidence of bacteremia increases at higher temperatures; and (3) most febrile children with otitis media do well. The clinician must therefore weigh the potential benefit of drawing a blood culture to identify children at risk for complications against the inherent cost, inconvenience, and discomfort.

Factors affecting pharyngeal Haemophilus influenzae type b colonization rates in children

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-417
Author(s):  
R H Michaels ◽  
C S Poziviak ◽  
F E Stonebraker ◽  
C W Norden
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Throat Swab ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Colonization Rates

Over 1,300 children were studied in an analysis of factors that might affect pharyngeal colonization with Haemophilus influenzae type b. Our semiquantitative methods for the culture of H. influenzae type b, consisting of inoculation of 0.001 ml of throat swab fluid on antiserum agar plates and division of the results into three grades of intensity, showed agreement as to intensity of colonization in over 80% of repeat throat cultures. Our data also suggest that throat swabs are more efficient than nasopharyngeal swabs for detecting colonization, particularly for older children. All 17 H. influenzae type b carriers found with either method were detected with throat swabs, but six had negative nasopharyngeal cultures; four of these six were lightly colonized older children. Furthermore, colony counts were apt to be higher on plates inoculated with throat swab fluids. The frequency of pharyngeal H. influenzae type b colonization in children visiting health department clinics and pediatricians' offices was low during the first 6 months of life (0.7%) but averaged 3 to 5% throughout the rest of childhood. Approximately two-thirds of the carriers were colonized at an intensity too low to be detected by standard laboratory techniques. No influence on colonization rates was found for sex, race, season, economic status, or common childhood infectious diseases such as coryza or otitis media.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Colonization by Moraxella catarrhalis and Tonsillar Hypertrophy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mirela C. M. Prates ◽  
Edwin Tamashiro ◽  
José L. Proenca-Modena ◽  
Miriã F. Criado ◽  
Tamara H. Saturno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Tonsillar Hypertrophy ◽  
Palatine Tonsils ◽  
Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy

We sought to investigate the prevalence of potentially pathogenic bacteria in secretions and tonsillar tissues of children with chronic adenotonsillitis hypertrophy compared to controls. Prospective case-control study comparing patients between 2 and 12 years old who underwent adenotonsillectomy due to chronic adenotonsillar hypertrophy to children without disease. We compared detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Moraxella catarrhalis by real-time PCR in palatine tonsils, adenoids, and nasopharyngeal washes obtained from 37 children with and 14 without adenotonsillar hypertrophy. We found high frequency (>50%) of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in both groups of patients. Although different sampling sites can be infected with more than one bacterium and some bacteria can be detected in different tissues in the same patient, adenoids, palatine tonsils, and nasopharyngeal washes were not uniformly infected by the same bacteria. Adenoids and palatine tonsils of patients with severe adenotonsillar hypertrophy had higher rates of bacterial coinfection. There was good correlation of detection of Moraxella catarrhalis in different sampling sites in patients with more severe tonsillar hypertrophy, suggesting that Moraxella catarrhalis may be associated with the development of more severe hypertrophy, that inflammatory conditions favor colonization by this agent. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are frequently detected in palatine tonsils, adenoids, and nasopharyngeal washes in children. Simultaneous detection of Moraxella catarrhalis in adenoids, palatine tonsils, and nasopharyngeal washes was correlated with more severe tonsillar hypertrophy.

scholarly journals Neumonía adquirida en la comunidad: una revisión narrativa

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Samuel Martínez Vernaza ◽  
Maria Juliana Soto Chavez ◽  
Estefania Mckinley ◽  
Sandra Gualtero Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Factores De Riesgo

La neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) continúa siendo una de las principales causas de mortalidad en Colombia, pues es responsable de 13 de cada 100.000 muertes. Su principal agente etiológico es el Streptococcus pneumoniae, seguido por Haemophilus influenzae y Staphylococcus aureus. Se han identificado algunos factores de riesgo como comorbilidades y factores de exposición epidemiológica, los cuales incrementan la posibilidad de contraer una infección por microrganismos específicos. Su diagnóstico debe basarse tanto en la clínica como en hallazgos paraclínicos e imagenológicos. Herramientas como las escalas CURB-65 y PSI asociadas al criterio clínico permiten calcular el riesgo de mortalidad y el área de atención del paciente según su clasificación. En esta revisión se consideran los diferentes elementos para una adecuada evaluación y manejo del paciente que cursa con NAC, el uso de algunos biomarcadores, situaciones especiales para apreciar, como la neumonía severa, y estrategias para una adecuada prevención.

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