scholarly journals Influence of heat treatment parameters on effectiveness of deep cryogenic treatment on properties of high-speed steels

2022 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
pp. 142157
Author(s):  
Patricia Jovičević-Klug ◽  
Gašper Puš ◽  
Matic Jovičević-Klug ◽  
Borut Žužek ◽  
Bojan Podgornik
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment

Effect of Chemical Composition and Heat Treatment Parameters on the Structure and Properties of Vanadis 23 and Vanadis 30 PM High-Speed Steels

2017 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
pp. 258-264
Author(s):  
Jana Sobotová ◽  
Martin Kuřík ◽  
Jakub Lacza
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Metallographic Analysis ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Conventional Heat Treatment ◽  
Multiple Tempering

The paper deals with the assessment of the effect of content of cobalt and cryogenic treatment on mechanical properties and structure of Vanadis 23 and Vanadis 30 PM high-speed steels. The studied characteristics are evaluated after conventional heat treatment (quenching and multiple tempering) and also when deep cryogenic treatment at -196°C/4 hours was inserted between quenching and tempering. The mechanical properties are assessed by a three-point bending flexural test and by measurement of the hardness. Metallographic analysis is performed using an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and the scanning electron microscope (SEM).

scholarly journals Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on surface chemistry and microstructure of selected high-speed steels

2021 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
pp. 149257
Author(s):  
Patricia Jovičević-Klug ◽  
Monika Jenko ◽  
Matic Jovičević-Klug ◽  
Barbara Šetina Batič ◽  
Janez Kovač ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment

scholarly journals Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on Corrosion Properties of Various High-Speed Steels

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Jure Voglar ◽  
Živa Novak ◽  
Patricia Jovičević-Klug ◽  
Bojan Podgornik ◽  
Tadeja Kosec
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Polarization Measurement ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Potential Measurement ◽  
Corrosion Studies

The aim of the study was to evaluate the corrosion properties of three different grades of high-speed steel following a heat treatment procedure involving deep cryogenic treatment after quenching and to investigate how these properties are connected to the microstructure and hardness of the material. The hardness of steels was measured, and microstructural properties were determined through observation of the metallographically prepared steels using scanning electron microscopy. These studies were complemented corrosion evaluation by the use of corrosion potential measurement and linear polarization measurement of steels in a sodium tetraborate buffer at pH 10. The results showed that the deep cryogenic procedure of high-speed steel changed the microstructure and consequently affected the hardness of the investigated steels to different extents, depending on their chemical composition. Corrosion studies have confirmed that some high-speed steels have improved corrosion properties after deep cryogenic treatment. The most important improvement in corrosion resistance was observed for deep cryogenically treated high-speed steel EN 1.3395 (M3:2) by 31% when hardened to high hardness values and by 116% under lower hardness conditions. The test procedure for differentiating corrosion properties of differently heat-treated tool steels was established alongside the investigation.

scholarly journals Deep Cryogenic Treatment of Metallic Materials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Jovičević-Klug ◽  
Bojan Podgornik
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Size Change ◽  
Ferrous Alloys ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Proper Material

Deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) is a type of cryogenic treatment, where a metallic material is subjected to temperatures below -150°C, normally to temperatures of liquid nitrogen (-196 °C). When a material is exposed to DCT as a part of heat treatment, changes in microstructure are induced due to new grain formation, changes in grain size, change in the solubility of atoms, movement of dislocations, alteration of crystal structure, and finally new phase formation. The metallic material's performance and later performance of manufactured components and tools from this specific material are dependent on the selection of proper design, proper material, accuracy with which the tool is made and application of proper heat treatment, including any eventual DCT. Metallic materials are ferrous and non-ferrous metals. In the last years ferrous metals (different grades of steel) and non-ferrous alloys (aluminum, magnesium, titanium, nickel etc.) have been increasingly treated with DCT to alter their properties. DCT treatment has shown to reduce density of defects in crystal structure, increase wear resistance of material, increase hardness, improve toughness, and reduce tensile strength and corrosion resistance. However, some researchers also reported results showing no change in properties (toughness, hardness, corrosion resistance, etc.) or even deterioration when subjected to DCT treatment. This leads to a lack of consistency and reliability of the treatment process, which is needed for successful application in industry. This review provides a synopsis of DCT usage and resulting effects on treated materials used in automotive industry.

Performance of a Matrix Type High Speed Steel after Deep Cryogenic and Low Tempering Temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 1423-1429
Author(s):  
Kaweewat Worasaen ◽  
Andreas Stark ◽  
Karuna Tuchinda ◽  
Piyada Suwanpinij
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Matrix Type ◽  
Bcc Structure

A matrix type high speed steel YXR3 designed for a combination of wear resistance and toughness is investigated for its mechanical properties after hardening by deep cryogenic treatment follow by tempering. The deep cryogenic quenching carried out at -200 °C for 36 hours and the single step tempering results in an obvious improvement in wear resistance while balancing the toughness, comparing with the conventional quenching followed by a double tempering treatment. The quantitative image analysis reveals little difference in the MC carbide size distribution between tempering at different temperatures. The synchrotron high energy XRD confirms the MC type carbide with some evolution in its orientation together with tempered martensite approaching the BCC structure at higher temperatures. In contrary to the conventional quenching and tempering, the lowest tempering temperature at 200 °C yields a moderate drop in hardness with increase in surface toughness proportionally while exhibiting exceptional wear resistance. Such thermal cycle can be recommended for the industry both for the practicality and improved tool life.

scholarly journals GAS NITRIDING WITH DEEP CRYOGENIC TREATMENT OF HIGH-SPEED STEEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hradil ◽  
Michal Duchek ◽  
Taťána Hrbáčková ◽  
Aleksander Ciski
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Iron Nitrides ◽  
Nitrogen Diffusion ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Gas Nitriding ◽  
Subsurface Layers ◽  
Quenching And Tempering

<p class="AMSmaintext"><span lang="EN-GB">Nitriding with subsequent heat treatment in combination with deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) produces nitrided layers with specific properties. Layers with unique properties result from the dissolution of subsurface layers of iron nitrides and subsequent nitrogen diffusion into the substrate during austenitisation. Fine precipitates of carbonitrides eventually form during DCT and tempering. Intermediate deep cryogenic treatment was performed between the quenching and tempering steps. This work is based on comparing nitrided layers obtained using conventional treatment parameters with nitrided layers from novel processes. The experimental material was DIN 1.3343 (Czech Standard 41 9830) high-speed steel. Several treatment methods were compared in terms of the resulting hardness and metallographic characteristics.</span></p><p> </p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document