Phase transformation and carbon profile at the interface between Al-Si coating and steel substrate in a press-hardened steel

Materialia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 101268
Author(s):  
Z. Wang ◽  
N.A. Xu ◽  
M.X. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Carbon Profile

scholarly journals Effects of Chemical Composition and Austenite Deformation on the Onset of Ferrite Formation for Arbitrary Cooling Paths

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarne Pohjonen ◽  
Mahesh Somani ◽  
David Porter
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Continuous Cooling Transformation ◽  
Ferrite Formation ◽  
Continuous Cooling ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Range Of Values

We present a computational method for calculating the phase transformation start for arbitrary cooling paths and for different steel compositions after thermomechanical treatments. We apply the method to quantitatively estimate how much austenite deformation and how many different alloying elements affect the transformation start at different temperatures. The calculations are done for recrystallized steel as well as strain hardened steel, and the results are compared. The method is parameterized using continuous cooling transformation (CCT) data as an input, and it can be easily adapted for different thermomechanical treatments when corresponding CCT data is available. The analysis can also be used to obtain estimates for the range of values for parameters in more detailed microstructure models.

New Method of Quench Surface Turning

2017 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 696-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.N. Zubkov ◽  
S.G. Vasil'ev ◽  
V.V. Poptsov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Surface Quenching ◽  
Steel Surfaces ◽  
Deformational Cutting ◽  
Chip Separation ◽  
Hardened Surface

The heating, generated in the process of deformational cutting without chip separation used for phase transformation in steel during lathe machining. Chips are not separated from the workpiece and remain on the surface thus forming a special reinforced structure. The result of processing is a steel surface quenching up to 1 mm deep. The proposed method also makes it possible to obtain hardened surface structures with alternating inclined layers of different hardness. The article presents calculations of heating and cooling rates, types of hardened structures, hardness investigation of hardened steel surfaces.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Ni-P/Ni-P-W Nanocomposite Coating and its Tribological Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10S2) ◽  
pp. 17-19
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Nanocomposite Coating ◽  
Nickel Phosphide ◽  
P Matrix ◽  
Electroless Ni ◽  
Tungsten Nanoparticles ◽  
Grade Steel ◽  
Scanning Electron

The synthesized tungsten nanoparticles (0.5 g/l, range 40 to 150 nm) are dispersed randomly into electroless Ni-P matrix for Ni-P-W nanocompositeplatings on an AISI1040 grade steel substrate (MS). The thickness of these deposits is in range of 15 to 25 micrometer. The scanning electron microscope attached in permutation of energy dispersive spectroscopy furthermore Xray diffraction techniques were exploited to analyze surface morphology, elemental symphony and phases of platings correspondingly. The results of these studies reveal successful fusion of tungsten nanoparticles as white globules into electroless Ni-P matrix and with those as-deposited platings have amorphous structure and heated platings (400°C) have crystalline structure. Further Ni-P/Ni-P-W platings are investigated for microhardness by respective technique. The results of the studies corroborate that inclusion of tungsten nanoparticles into electroless Ni-P plating enhances the microhardness. The phase transformation initiation of amorphous nickel is headed toward nickel phosphide and crystalline nickel completely at 400°C which improved microhardness of nanocomposite Ni-P-W electrolessplatings.

Modeling and Experimental Verification of Transient/Residual Stresses and Microstructure Formation in Multi-Layer Laser Aided DMD Process

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (7) ◽  
pp. 662-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ghosh ◽  
J. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solidification Microstructure ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
Mushy Region ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Energy Beam

Despite enormous progress in laser aided direct metal/material deposition (LADMD) process many issues concerning the adverse effects of process parameters on the stability of variety of properties and the integrity of microstructure have been reported. Comprehensive understanding of the transport phenomena and heat transfer analysis is essential to predict the thermally induced residual stresses and solidification microstructure in the deposited materials. Traditional solidification theories as they apply to castings or related processes, assume either no mass diffusion in the solid (Gulliver-Scheil) or complete diffusion in the solid (equilibrium lever rule) in a fixed arm space. These are inappropriate in high energy beam processes involving significantly high cooling rates. The focus of this paper is the solute transport in multi-pass LADMD process, especially the coupling of the process scale transport with the transport at the local scale of the solid-liquid interface. This requires modeling of solute redistribution at the scale of the secondary arm spacing in the dendritic mushy region. This paper is an attempt toward a methodology of finite element analysis for the prediction of solidification microstructure and macroscopic as well as microscopic thermal stresses. The computer simulation is based on the metallo-thermo-mechanical theory for uncoupled temperature, solidification, phase transformation, and stress/strain fields. The importance of considering phase transformation effects is also verified through the comparison of the magnitudes of residual stresses with and without the inclusion of phase transformation kinetics. The simulation has been carried out for H13 tool steel deposited on a mild steel substrate.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Thermally Sprayed WC Cermet Coating under Lubricated Rolling with Sliding Contact

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
DM Nuruzzaman ◽  
Akira Nakajima ◽  
Toshifumi Mawatari
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Sliding Contact ◽  
Steel Roller ◽  
Cermet Coating ◽  
Mating Surface ◽  
Thermally Sprayed

The characteristics of thermally sprayed WC-Cr-Ni cermet coating under lubricated rolling with sliding contact condition were examined experimentally. Experiments were performed using a two-roller testing machine. The coating was formed onto the blasted or ground roller specimens made of thermally refined carbon steel or induction hardened carbon steel by high energy type flame spraying (Hi-HVOF). A mirror-like finished cermet coated steel roller was mated with a non-coated carburized hardened steel roller. In the case of thermally refined steel substrate and for the mating surface roughness Rmax=0.1 μm, coating on the ground substrate showed lower durability than that on the blasted substrate. For the mating surface roughness Rmax=3.0 μm, coating on the ground substrate showed an extremely short life as compared with that on the blasted substrate. In general, durability of cermet coating was greatly increased due to the increase in the coating thickness. In the case of induction hardened steel substrate, coating on the blasted or ground substrate showed high durability for both Rmax=0.1 μm and 3.0 μm. Coefficient of friction and oil film thickness were markedly influenced by the mating surface roughness but these were hardly affected by the substrate material. In addition, depending on the mating surface roughness, significant differences in the surface roughness of coated roller and depth of flaking on the coated roller were found. Keywords: WC cermet, Mating surface roughness, Substrate surface kind, Substrate materialdoi:10.3329/jme.v37i0.815Journal of Mechanical Engineering Vol.37 June 2007, pp.18-23

Physics-Based Microstructure Simulation for Drilled Hole Surface in Hardened Steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninggang Shen ◽  
Hongtao Ding
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
White Layer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Steady State Solution ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Surface Microstructure ◽  
Critical Surface ◽  
Fine Mesh

For a fully hardened steel material, hole surface microstructures are often subject to microstructural transition because of the intense thermomechanical loading. A white layer can be formed on the surface of a drilled hole of hardened carbon steels, which results from two mechanisms: thermally driven phase transformation and mechanical grain refinement due to severe plastic deformation. In this study, a multistep numerical analysis is conducted to investigate the potential mechanism of surface microstructure alterations in hard drilling. First, three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) simulations are performed using a relative coarse mesh with advantedge for hard drilling of AISI 1060 steel to achieve the steady-state solution for thermal and deformation fields. Defining the initial condition of the cutting zone using the 3D simulation results, a multiphysics model is then implemented in two-dimensional (2D) coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) FE analysis in abaqus to model both phase transformation and grain refinement at a fine mesh to comprehend the surface microstructure alteration. Experimental results are used to demonstrate the capability of this multiphysics model to predict critical surface microstructural attributes.

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