The purpose of this study was to identify creative reactions and politeness schemes in two languages in cross-cultural
communication – American English and Lithuanian – and then compare the means of expressing politeness strategies and creative reactions in the
two mentioned languages. The method used in the study is a survey, evaluated by both qualitative and quantitative methods. The research illustrated
that the two mentioned cultures do indeed express creative reactions as well as use the speech acts of gratitude and apology. It also showed that
American female and American male groups tend to choose more polite and creative reactions, while Lithuanian female and Lithuanian male groups
tend to use less polite and creative reactions more often. Americans (both genders) do not imply the feeling of gratitude or apology, they say
it directly. The Lithuanians (both genders) expressed gratitude or apology in everyday situations not as often and not as directly. In other words,
the Lithuanian culture tends to use positive politeness; and vice versa, the American culture tends to use negative politeness. Besides that,
the research revealed that gender plays a significant role in the answers of the survey respondents. The female Americans and female Lithuanians
seem to be more polite and express more creative reactions than their male counterparts. It was also revealed that the respondents of American
nationality express gratitude or apology in a more polite and creative way and use more speech acts of gratitude or apology in both private and
public spheres than the group of Lithuanian respondents.
Urban poverty is one of multidimensional issue in Nepal. Increasing immigration from the outer parts of Kathmandu due to rural poverty, unemployment and weak security of the lives and the properties are core causes pushing people into urban areas. In this context how squatter urban area people sustain their livelihoods is major concern. The objectives of the study are to find out livelihood assets and capacities squatters coping with their livelihood vulnerability in adverse situation. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are applied for data collection. It is found that squatters social security is weak, victimized by severe health problems earning is not regular with lack of physical facilities and overall livelihood is critical. This study helps to understand what the changes that have occurred in livelihood patterns and how poor people survive in urban area.
Qualitative research is a primary way to understand the context of diabetes in a person′s life, beyond the medical outcomes. Identifying the qualitative issues such as patients′ knowledge about diabetes, their beliefs and attitudes, and their relationship with health care professionals can serve as data to determine the obstacles and, in turn, resolutions to those issues in diabetes management. Characteristics of qualitative and quantitative methods are described, with the discussion that both methods are complementary, not conflicting, to further the field of diabetes research.
Nepotism and cronyism are forms of favoritism towards certain people in the workplace. For this reason, they constitute a problem for organization managers, ethicists and psychologists. Identifying the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the increase of nepotism and cronyism may provide a basis for organizations to assess their extent and to take possible measures to prevent their negative effects. At the same time, the research presented in the article may provide a basis for further research work related to nepotism and cronyism at the times of other threats, different from the pandemic. The aim of the article is to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on growing acceptance for nepotism and cronyism in Polish enterprises. Qualitative and quantitative methods have been included in the conducted research. Qualitative study aimed at improving knowledge of nepotism and cronyism and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these phenomena, followed by a quantitative study conducted in order to verify the information obtained in the qualitative study. This research has demonstrated that Nepotism and cronyism in the workplace, are phenomenon that are basically evaluated negatively. They adversely influences social and economic development, but the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on nepotism and cronyism is not significant.
A methodological study on the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods in cognitive interviewing for cross‐cultural adaptation