X-ray and neutron interrogation of air cargo for mobile applications

Good and efficient Air cargo handling, especially for dangerous goods transportation need to be supported by licensed dangerous goods handling personnel and supported by the transport handling facilities as well as standard procedure. Comprehensive standards and procedures are required to reduce the risk of accidents caused by an error in the handling of the dangerous goods transportation. Main problems in this study: first, to analyse the process of air cargo transportation handling at the Adisutjipto Airport; second, to analyse the standard of the dangerous goods handling personel. The cargo handling process consists of Outgoing (Acceptance, weighing, Documentation, Marking & labeling, X-ray, Storage, Build-up, and Loading) and Incoming (Check Incoming Massage, Unloading, Breakdown, check lists, Physical Examination, Storage, Notice of Arrival, Delivered). The mathematical model of Dangerous Goods Handling Personnel Number Standard: DG Personel Cargo Agent Type A = c.% DG. (2,89 x 10^-2) DG Personnel Warehousing Type B = c.% DG (4,53 x 106-3), DG Personnel Airline Type B = c.%DG. (4,89 X 10^-4).

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Photon and neutron interrogation techniques for chemical explosives detection in air cargo: A critical review

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment ◽

10.1016/j.nima.2009.02.015 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 603 (3) ◽

pp. 510-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Robert C. Runkle ◽

Timothy A. White ◽

Erin A. Miller ◽

Joseph A. Caggiano ◽

Brian A. Collins

Keyword(s):

Critical Review ◽

Explosives Detection ◽

Air Cargo ◽

Neutron Interrogation ◽

Interrogation Techniques

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Design and Optimization of an X-ray Detector Module for Air-Cargo Inspection

Journal of the Korean Physical Society ◽

10.3938/jkps.77.1260 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 77 (12) ◽

pp. 1260-1264

Author(s):

Hyojeong Choi ◽

Jeong Min Park ◽

Chang Goo Kang ◽

Su Jin Kim ◽

Byeong Hyeok Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Cargo ◽

X Ray ◽

Design And Optimization ◽

Detector Module ◽

Cargo Inspection

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COVID Detection From Chest X-ray Using MobileNet and Residual Separable Convolution Block

10.21203/rs.3.rs-687458/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jagadeesh Kakarla ◽

Bala Venkateswarlu Isunuri

Keyword(s):

Mobile Applications ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Superior Performance ◽

Training Time ◽

X Ray ◽

Proposed Model ◽

The Social ◽

The World ◽

Chest X Ray ◽

Detection And Diagnosis

Abstract A newly emerged coronavirus disease affects the social and economical life of the world. This virus mainly infects the respiratory system and spreads with airborne communication. Several countries witness the serious consequences of the COVID pandemic. Early detection of COVID infection is the critical step to survive a patient from death. The chest radiography examination is the fast and cost-effective way for COVID detection. Several researchers have been motivated to automate COVID detection and diagnosis process using chest X-ray images. However, existing models employ deep networks and are suffering from high training time. This work presents transfer learning and residual separable convolution block for COVID detection. The proposed model utilizes pre-trained MobileNet for binary image classification. The proposed residual separable convolution block has improved the performance of basic MobileNet. Two publicly available datasets COVID5K, and COVIDRD have considered for the evaluation of the proposed model. Our proposed model exhibits superior performance than existing state-of-art and pre-trained models with 99% accuracy on both datasets. We have achieved similar performance on noisy datasets. Moreover, the proposed model outperforms existing pre-trained models with less training time and competitive performance than basic MobileNet. Further, our model is suitable for mobile applications as it uses fewer parameters and lesser training time.

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Space and Time Distribution of Hard X-Ray Emission in a Loop at the Beginning of a Flare

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100025446 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 144 ◽

pp. 275-277

Author(s):

M. Karlický ◽

J. C. Hénoux

Keyword(s):

Time Distribution ◽

Electron Bombardment ◽

Spatial Evolution ◽

Superthermal Electrons ◽

Flare Loop ◽

X Ray ◽

Superthermal Electron ◽

Flare Loops ◽

Chromospheric Evaporation ◽

Temporal And Spatial

AbstractUsing a new ID hybrid model of the electron bombardment in flare loops, we study not only the evolution of densities, plasma velocities and temperatures in the loop, but also the temporal and spatial evolution of hard X-ray emission. In the present paper a continuous bombardment by electrons isotropically accelerated at the top of flare loop with a power-law injection distribution function is considered. The computations include the effects of the return-current that reduces significantly the depth of the chromospheric layer which is evaporated. The present modelling is made with superthermal electron parameters corresponding to the classical resistivity regime for an input energy flux of superthermal electrons of 109erg cm−2s−1. It was found that due to the electron bombardment the two chromospheric evaporation waves are generated at both feet of the loop and they propagate up to the top, where they collide and cause temporary density and hard X-ray enhancements.

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Some Problems in Understanding the Solar Corona

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s025292110002491x ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 144 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

A. H. Gabriel

Keyword(s):

Solar Corona ◽

Solar Atmosphere ◽

Theoretical Modelling ◽

Total System ◽

Major Advance ◽

X Ray ◽

Proper Perspective ◽

Space Observations

The development of the physics of the solar atmosphere during the last 50 years has been greatly influenced by the increasing capability of observations made from space. Access to images and spectra of the hotter plasma in the UV, XUV and X-ray regions provided a major advance over the few coronal forbidden lines seen in the visible and enabled the cooler chromospheric and photospheric plasma to be seen in its proper perspective, as part of a total system. In this way space observations have stimulated new and important advances, not only in space but also in ground-based observations and theoretical modelling, so that today we find a well-balanced harmony between the three techniques.

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White-Light Coronal Structures: Streamers and CMEs

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100025045 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 144 ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

E. Hildner

Keyword(s):

Emission Line ◽

Electron Density ◽

White Light ◽

Coronal Mass Ejections ◽

X Rays ◽

Solar Cycles ◽

Temperature Function ◽

X Ray ◽

Eclipse Observations ◽

Coronal Structures

AbstractOver the last twenty years, orbiting coronagraphs have vastly increased the amount of observational material for the whitelight corona. Spanning almost two solar cycles, and augmented by ground-based K-coronameter, emission-line, and eclipse observations, these data allow us to assess,inter alia: the typical and atypical behavior of the corona; how the corona evolves on time scales from minutes to a decade; and (in some respects) the relation between photospheric, coronal, and interplanetary features. This talk will review recent results on these three topics. A remark or two will attempt to relate the whitelight corona between 1.5 and 6 R⊙to the corona seen at lower altitudes in soft X-rays (e.g., with Yohkoh). The whitelight emission depends only on integrated electron density independent of temperature, whereas the soft X-ray emission depends upon the integral of electron density squared times a temperature function. The properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) will be reviewed briefly and their relationships to other solar and interplanetary phenomena will be noted.

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