Dietary selenium intake and risk of hospitalization for type 2 diabetes in the Moli-sani study cohort

With an estimated prevalence of 463 million affected, type 2 diabetes represents a major challenge to health care systems worldwide. Analyzing the plasma proteomes of individuals with type 2 diabetes may illuminate hitherto unknown functional mechanisms underlying disease pathology. We assessed the associations between type 2 diabetes and >1000 plasma proteins in the KORA (Cooperative health research in the Region of Augsburg) F4 cohort (n=993, 110 cases), with subsequent replication in the HUNT3 (Third wave of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study) cohort (n=940, 149 cases). We computed logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking status and hypertension. Additionally, we investigated associations with incident type 2 diabetes and performed two-sample bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to prioritize our results. Association analysis of prevalent type 2 diabetes revealed 24 replicated proteins, of which eight are novel. Proteins showing association with incident type 2 diabetes were aminoacylase-1, growth hormone receptor, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2. Aminoacylase-1 was associated with both prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes. MR analysis yielded nominally significant causal effects of type 2 diabetes on cathepsin Z and rennin, both known to have roles in the pathophysiological pathways of cardiovascular disease, and of sex hormone-binding globulin on type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, our high-throughput proteomics study replicated previously reported type 2 diabetes-protein associations, and identified new candidate proteins possibly involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.

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Deciphering the Plasma Proteome of Type 2 Diabetes

10.2337/figshare.12896426.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ada Admin ◽

Mohamed A. Elhadad ◽

Christian Jonasson ◽

Cornelia Huth ◽

Rory Wilson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Growth Hormone Receptor ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽

Health Study ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Incident Type ◽

Incident Type 2 Diabetes

With an estimated prevalence of 463 million affected, type 2 diabetes represents a major challenge to health care systems worldwide. Analyzing the plasma proteomes of individuals with type 2 diabetes may illuminate hitherto unknown functional mechanisms underlying disease pathology. We assessed the associations between type 2 diabetes and >1000 plasma proteins in the KORA (Cooperative health research in the Region of Augsburg) F4 cohort (n=993, 110 cases), with subsequent replication in the HUNT3 (Third wave of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study) cohort (n=940, 149 cases). We computed logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking status and hypertension. Additionally, we investigated associations with incident type 2 diabetes and performed two-sample bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to prioritize our results. Association analysis of prevalent type 2 diabetes revealed 24 replicated proteins, of which eight are novel. Proteins showing association with incident type 2 diabetes were aminoacylase-1, growth hormone receptor, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2. Aminoacylase-1 was associated with both prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes. MR analysis yielded nominally significant causal effects of type 2 diabetes on cathepsin Z and rennin, both known to have roles in the pathophysiological pathways of cardiovascular disease, and of sex hormone-binding globulin on type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, our high-throughput proteomics study replicated previously reported type 2 diabetes-protein associations, and identified new candidate proteins possibly involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.

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Insulin enhances and metformin reduces risk of colorectal carcinoma in type-2 diabetes

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcz253 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

C-H Chen ◽

C-L Lin ◽

C-Y Hsu ◽

C-H Kao

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Occult Blood ◽

Population Based ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Urbanization Level ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Background Identifying colorectal cancer associated risks is important for conducting a program for the survey and prevention of colorectal cancer. Aim To investigate the association between use of insulin or metformin with colorectal cancer (CRC) in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Design Population-based cohort study. Methods Through analysis of National Health Insurance (NHI) database between 1998 and 2010 in Taiwan, we identified 66 324 T2DM patients aged ≥ 20 years and selected subjects without diabetes by 1: 1 randomly matching with the study cohort based on age, sex and index date. We followed up the participants until 31 December 2011 or when they withdrew from the NHI program. Results Compared with non-diabetic subjects, the T2DM patients exhibited an increased risk of CRC [adjusted HR (aHR) = 1.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.39–1.75], after adjustment for age, sex, urbanization level, comorbidities and examinations of colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, or stool occult blood test. Among the T2DM patients, insulin usage increased the risk of CRC (aHR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.58–0–2.19) after adjustment for age, sex, urbanization level, comorbidities, metformin usage and examinations; nevertheless, metformin decreased the risk of CRC (aHR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.54–0.77) after adjustment for age, sex, urbanization level, comorbidities, insulin usage and examinations. Compared with the non-insulin cohort, the risk of CRC tended to increase with the incremental dosage of insulin exposure. Conclusion Our population-based cohort study demonstrated an association between T2DM and CRC. Among the T2DM patients, insulin use was associated with an increased risk of CRC and metformin use was associated with a decreased risk of CRC. Inability to obtain information on several potential confounding factors, such as lifestyle and dietary habits, is the major limitation of the study.

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Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index as a predictor of incident type 2 diabetes among nonobese adults: a 12-year longitudinal study of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study cohort

Translational Research ◽

10.1016/j.trsl.2020.08.003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 228 ◽

pp. 42-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Byoungjin Park ◽

Hye Sun Lee ◽

Yong-Jae Lee

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Epidemiology Study ◽

Incident Type ◽

Tyg Index ◽

Incident Type 2 Diabetes

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Association of Vitamin D with Type 2 Diabetes in Postmenopausal Females in Saudi Arabia

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665120005789 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽

Author(s):

Shatha Alharazy ◽

Eman Alissa ◽

Mohammed Ardawi ◽

Susan Lanham-New ◽

M. Denise Robertson

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Cell Activity ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Model Assessment

AbstractVitamin D (vitD) deficiency has been suspected as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It has been reported that an inverse relationship exists between vitD status and risk of T2DM. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between vitD status and glycemic profile and other metabolic parameters among postmenopausal women with T2DM (living in Saudi Arabia). A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. One thirty six (n = 136) postmenopausal females (age ≥ 50 years) living in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia, with T2DM were randomly recruited in this study. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure readings and fasting blood samples were obtained fro all study participants. Several biochemical parameters were estimated in fasting serum samples including total 25(OH)D, HbA1c, insulin, glucose, c-peptide and lipid profile. Surrogate markers for insulin resistance were calculated using Homeostasis Model Assessment for insulin resistance and beta cell activity (HOMA-IR, HOMA-β), Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICK-I) and McAuley's index. VitD deficiency was defined as serum total 25(OH)D level below 20 ng/ml.The Mean (± SD) serum levels of total 25(OH)D were 13.8 ± 8.6 ng/ml with 79% of the study cohort being vitD deficient. Furthermore, serum total 25(OH)D levels were found to be inversely correlated with fasting insulin (r = -0.24, p = 0.029), HOMA-IR (r = -0.24, p = 0.03), and positively correlated with McAuley's index (r = 0.22, p = 0.048) and QUICK-I (r = 0.25, p = 0.024). In conclusion, vitD deficiency is highly prevalent among postmenopausal women with T2DM living in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. VitD was found to be associated with insulin resistance. Whether vitD supplements are able to improve insulin sensitivity and other parameters in T2DM postmenopausal women should be further investigated.

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Serum Uric Acid Level as a Harbinger of Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Observation in Taiwan

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17072277 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (7) ◽

pp. 2277 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wen-Chih Wu ◽

Yen-Wen Lai ◽

Yu-Ching Chou ◽

Yu-Chan Liao ◽

San-Lin You ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Study Cohort ◽

The Future ◽

Future Risk ◽

The Impact

Background: Current evidence suggests an association of uric acid with diabetes risk, but it is still unclear whether uric acid is merely a risk marker or an independent risk factor. We evaluate the impact of serum uric acid (SUA) levels on the future risk of developing type 2 diabetes, independent of other factors. Methods: A population-based cohort study was conducted among 4130 participants who were found to be free of type 2 diabetes at baseline recruitment in 2002. Baseline SUA measured in 2002 was longitudinally related to the incident type 2 diabetes that occurred during the follow-up period between 2002 and 2007. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) derived from Cox proportional hazards models were used to quantify the association. Results: There was a graded increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes among individuals with increasing levels of SUA. In the whole study cohort, compared to quartile 1, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of type 2 diabetes in quartile 2, quartile 3, and quartile 4 were 1.69 (0.76–3.76), 1.86 (0.88–4.26), and 1.94 (1.05–4.05), respectively (P for trend = 0.004). This positive gradient for the risk of type 2 diabetes across quartiles of SUA was evident in both genders and across age groups. Conclusions: This study supports that high uric acid concentrations are associated with increased diabetes risk, independent of other known risk factors. These data expand on well-established associations between SUA level and metabolic syndrome, and extend the link to the future risk of type 2 diabetes.

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Statin therapy and risk of polyneuropathy in type 2 diabetes: A Danish cohort study

10.2337/figshare.12912680 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Frederik P. Kristensen ◽

Diana H. Christensen ◽

Brian C. Callaghan ◽

Johnny Kahlert ◽

Søren T. Knudsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Statin Therapy ◽

Diabetic Polyneuropathy ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Incident Type ◽

Diabetes Patients

OBJECTIVE Statins may reduce the risk of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) due to lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory effects, but statins have also been associated with neurotoxicity. We examined whether statin therapy impacts the risk of DPN. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We identified all Danish incident type 2 diabetes patients during 2002-2016. New users initiated statins between 180 days before and 180 days after their first diabetes record, while prevalent users had initiated statins before that period. Patients were followed for incident DPN using validated hospital diagnosis codes, starting 180 days after first diabetes record. Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to compute adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for DPN. RESULTS The study cohort comprised 59,255 (23%) new users, 75,528 (29%) prevalent users, and 124,842 (48%) non-users; median follow-up time was 6.2 years (interquartile range 3.4-9.6). The incidence rate of DPN events per 1000 person-years was similar in new users (4.0 [95% CI 3.8-4.2]), prevalent users (3.8 [3.6-3.9]) and non-users (3.8 [3.7-4.0]). The aHR for DPN was 1.05 (0.98-1.11) in new users, and 0.97 (0.91-1.04) in prevalent users, compared with statin non-users. New users had a slightly increased DPN risk during the first year (aHR 1.31 [1.12-1.53]) which vanished after more than 2 years of follow-up. Findings were similar in on-treatment and propensity score-matched analyses, and with additional adjustment for pre-treatment blood lipid levels. CONCLUSION Statin therapy is unlikely to increase or mitigate DPN risk in type 2 diabetes patients, although a small acute risk of harm cannot be excluded.

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