Adherence to healthy diet is related to better linear growth with open growth plate in adolescent girls

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Mehnoosh Samadi ◽  
Shima Moradi ◽  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Mansour Rezaei ◽  
Niloofar Hojati
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Open Growth Plate ◽  
Open Growth

scholarly journals Cam morphology in young male football players mostly develops before proximal femoral growth plate closure: a prospective study with 5-yearfollow-up

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 532-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pim van Klij ◽  
Marinus P Heijboer ◽  
Abida Z Ginai ◽  
Jan A N Verhaar ◽  
Jan H Waarsing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Alpha Angle ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Growth Plates ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Open Growth Plate ◽  
Morphology Development ◽  
Open Growth ◽  
Cam Morphology

ObjectivesCam morphology is not completely understood. The aim of this study was threefold: (1) to investigate if cam morphology development is associated with growth plate status; (2) to examine whether cam morphology continues to develop after growth plate closure; and (3) to qualitatively describe cam morphology development over 5-year follow-up.MethodsAcademy male football players (n=49) participated in this prospective 5-year follow-up study (baseline 12–19 years old). Anteroposterior and frog-leg lateral views were obtained at baseline (142 hips), 2.5-year (126 hips) and 5-year follow-up (98 hips). Cam morphology on these time points was defined as: (A) visual scores of the anterior head-neck junction, classified as: (1) normal, (2) flattening, and (3) prominence; and (B) alpha angle ≥60°. Proximal femoral growth plates were classified as open or closed. Cam morphology development was defined as every increase in visual score and/or increase in alpha angle from <60° to ≥60°, between two time points. This resulted in 224 measurements for cam morphology development analysis.ResultsCam morphology development was significantly associated with open growth plates based on visual score (OR: 10.03, 95% CI 3.49 to 28.84, p<0.001) and alpha angle (OR: 2.85, 95% CI 1.18 to 6.88, p=0.020). With both definitions combined, cam developed in 104 of 142 hips during follow-up. Of these 104 hips, cam developed in 86 hips (82.7%) with open growth plate and in 18 hips (17.3%) with a closed growth plate. Cam morphology developed from 12 to 13 years of age until growth plate closure around 18 years.ConclusionCam morphology of the hip is more likely to develop with an open growth plate.

Triplane fracture of the distal tibia. A variant in cases with an open growth plate

1987 ◽  
Vol 69-B (3) ◽  
pp. 412-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
DA Clement ◽  
PH Worlock
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Distal Tibia ◽  
Open Growth Plate ◽  
Triplane Fracture ◽  
Open Growth

Phase I/II trial of vandetanib in children and adolescents with hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10014-10014 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Fox ◽  
B. C. Widemann ◽  
P. O. Whitcomb ◽  
A. Aikin ◽  
E. Dombi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Dose Level ◽  
Tyrosine Kinases ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Medullary Thyroid ◽  
Hereditary Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Measurements

10014 Background: Mutations in the RET protooncogenecause hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) including Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) Type 2A, Type 2B and familial MTC. Vandetanib inhibits VEGFR, EGFR, and RET tyrosine kinases and is active in adults with hereditary MTC. Methods: We are conducting a trial of vandetanib in children and adolescents with RET mutations and MTC. Safety is evaluated at each dose level in adolescents (13–18 years) prior to enrolling children (5–12 years). In the absence of dose limiting toxicity (DLT), intrapatient dose escalation is permitted after cycle 2. To assess bone toxicity, growth plate volume is measured using MRI. Response is monitored using tumor measurements (RECIST), serum biomarkers, calcitonin (CTN), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Results: Five adolescents and 2 children were enrolled at the 100 mg/m2 dose level, 3 adolescents were dose escalated to 150 mg/m2. Six have MEN2B (M918T RET mutation). Median (range) baseline CTN was 12,200 pg/mL (2,300–67,000) and CEA was 104 mcg/L (5–325). Dose limiting diarrhea was observed in 1/5 adolescents at the 100 mg/m2 and 1/3 adolescents escalated to 150 mg/m2. No DLTs were observed in children receiving 100 mg/m2. Non-DLT included elevated TSH (n = 6), rash (n = 5), anorexia (n = 3), diarrhea (n = 2), hypertension (n = 1), and fatigue (n = 1). Median (range) percent change in growth plate volume during therapy was -18% (-44% to + 50%). All patients had linear growth during therapy. Serum CTN and CEA decreased by ≥ 50% in 6/7 and 2/7 patients, respectively. Tumor size decreased in 6/6 patients with M918T RET mutations; 2 achieved RECIST partial response after 6 and 12 cycles. Conclusions: Preliminary results suggest that vandetanib has activity in children and adolescents with MEN2B associated MTC. Vandetanib 100 mg/m2 was well tolerated. Linear growth was not impaired. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Amino-Terminal Propeptide of C-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Linear Growth in Children: Effects of Puberty, Testosterone, and Growth Hormone

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 4294-4298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Olney ◽  
Timothy C. R. Prickett ◽  
Timothy G. Yandle ◽  
Eric A. Espiner ◽  
Joan C. Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Growth Promoting

Abstract Context: C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a paracrine factor of the growth plate, plays a key role in stimulating bone growth. The amino-terminal propeptide of CNP (NTproCNP) is produced in equimolar amounts with CNP and is measurable in plasma, providing a potential biomarker for growth plate activity and, hence, linear growth. Objective: We explored the effects of puberty, testosterone, and GH treatment on NTproCNP levels in normal and short-statured children. Design: This was a retrospective analysis of samples obtained during previous studies. Setting: The study was conducted at a pediatric clinical research center. Subjects: Children with short stature due to GH deficiency, idiopathic short stature (ISS), or constitutional delay of growth and maturation (CDGM) were studied (n = 37). A cohort of normal-statured adolescent boys was also studied (n = 23). Interventions: Children with GH deficiency and ISS were studied before and during testosterone and/or GH treatment. Boys with CDGM and healthy controls were studied once. Main Outcome Measures: The main outcomes were NTproCNP levels before and during growth-promoting therapy and during pubertal growth. Results: Children with short stature due to GH deficiency, ISS, or CDGM had comparable baseline levels of NTproCNP, and levels increased markedly in response to GH or testosterone treatment. In boys with CDGM, levels were comparable with height-matched controls but were less than those from age-matched controls. In healthy boys, NTproCNP appears to peak with the pubertal growth spurt. Conclusions: NTproCNP levels increase during growth-promoting therapy and are increased during puberty in boys. This novel biomarker of growth may have clinical utility in the evaluation of children with short stature and for monitoring growth-promoting therapy.

Nutrition, infection and stunting: the roles of deficiencies of individual nutrients and foods, and of inflammation, as determinants of reduced linear growth of children

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Joe Millward
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Proteoglycan Synthesis ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Environmental Enteric Dysfunction

AbstractThe regulation of linear growth by nutritional and inflammatory influences is examined in terms of growth-plate endochondral ossification, in order to better understand stunted growth in children. Linear growth is controlled by complex genetic, physiological, and nutrient-sensitive endocrine/paracrine/autocrine mediated molecular signalling mechanisms, possibly including sleep adequacy through its influence on growth hormone secretion. Inflammation, which accompanies most infections and environmental enteric dysfunction, inhibits endochondral ossification through the action of mediators including proinflammatory cytokines, the activin A-follistatin system, glucocorticoids and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). In animal models linear growth is particularly sensitive to dietary protein as well as Zn intake, which act through insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its binding proteins, triiodothyronine, amino acids and Zn2+to stimulate growth-plate protein and proteoglycan synthesis and cell cycle progression, actions which are blocked by corticosteroids and inflammatory cytokines. Observational human studies indicate stunting to be associated with nutritionally poor, mainly plant-based diets. Intervention studies provide some support for deficiencies of energy, protein, Zn and iodine and for multiple micronutrient deficiencies, at least during pregnancy. Of the animal-source foods, only milk has been specifically and repeatedly shown to exert an important influence on linear growth in both undernourished and well-nourished children. However, inflammation, caused by infections, environmental enteric dysfunction, which may be widespread in the absence of clean water, adequate sanitation and hygiene (WASH), and endogenous inflammation associated with excess adiposity, in each case contributes to stunting, and may explain why nutritional interventions are often unsuccessful. Current interventions to reduce stunting are targeting WASH as well as nutrition.

scholarly journals Forensic age assessment of the knee: proposal of a new classification system using two-dimensional ultrasound volumes and comparison to MRI

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Herrmann ◽  
Dennis Säring ◽  
Markus Auf der Mauer ◽  
Michael Groth ◽  
Eilin Jopp-van Well
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Forensic Age Estimation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Epiphyseal Growth Plate ◽  
Growth Plates ◽  
The Us ◽  
Open Growth Plates ◽  
Open Growth

Abstract Objectives To assess epiphyseal growth plate closure of the knee for forensic age estimation using an ultrasound (US)-based method and to compare the findings with MRI. Methods Thirty-three healthy male individuals (age, 14.4–19.3 years) were prospectively evaluated for epiphyseal growth plate closure of the right knee by recordings of two-dimensional US volumes and a high-resolution T1-weighted MRI sequence. The degree of epiphyseal growth plate closure was rated independently by two readers for each method using a modality specific three-point scale that differentiates between an open physis (S1), a partially closed physis (S2), and a closed physis (S3). Results The inter-rater agreement was high for the US (Cohen’s kappa (CK): femur 95.2%, tibia 81.3%, fibula 86.3%) and the MRI method (CK: femur 70.2%, tibia 90.8%, fibula 79.8%). The degree of growth plate closure associated positively with advancing age. The US system showed a clearer separation of median ages with lower overlap than the MRI system. Open growth plates on minors (< S3 on femur and tibia) were identified by US with higher sensitivity (1.0 vs. 0.7) and slightly lower specificity (0.7 vs. 0.85) compared with MRI. The examination time was substantially shorter on US than on MRI (2.65 ± 0.91 min vs. 24.72 ± 2.72 min; p < 0.001). Conclusions The US method for evaluation of growth plate closure of the knee can reliably assign male individuals to different ossification stages and identifies minors with high accuracy. More studies with larger numbers are needed to further evaluate this method. Key Points • US is feasible to determine the degree of epiphyseal growth plate closure of the knee, shows a high degree of reliability, and is comparable to MRI. • US of the knee can detect open growth plates on male minors with high accuracy. • US of the knee may be used as a fast, non-invasive imaging tool for forensic age estimation to identify male minors.

scholarly journals Associations of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices toward Anemia with Anemia Prevalence and Height-for-Age Z-Score among Indonesian Adolescent Girls

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S92-S108
Author(s):  
Rina Agustina ◽  
Fadila Wirawan ◽  
Arini A. Sadariskar ◽  
Ainanur A. Setianingsing ◽  
Khairun Nadiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Height For Age

Background: Crucial gaps persist in knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of adolescent girls that affect anemia and linear growth failure. Objective: To understand the role of KAP as a risk factor of anemia and linear growth problem in adolescent girls. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 335 adolescent girls selected by clustered random sampling. The KAP questionnaire had 18 variables consisting of 9 knowledge, 3 attitude, and 6 practice components. Twelve variables addressed nutrition, dietary diversity, and health environments related to both anemia and stunting. The questionnaire was adapted from the 2014 Food and Agriculture Organization nutrition-related KAP guidelines for anemia. Dietary practice was evaluated from 2-day 24-hour recalls and a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Associations between KAP and anemia, and height-for-age z-score (HAZ), were analyzed using multivariate logistic and linear regression models, respectively. Results: The mean hemoglobin (Hb) level was 119.7 g/L, with 44% of the adolescent girls being anemic (Hb < 120 g/L) and mean height was 151.0 cm with 25% being stunted (HAZ < −2 standard deviation [SD]). The median KAP score was 7 and ranged from 3 to 10. Low to moderate KAP scores were not significantly associated with being anemic (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.26; P = .43), however 1-point KAP score increment was associated with an increase of HAZ by 0.037 SD ( P = .012). Conclusions: The KAP related to diet and healthy environments was not associated with anemia prevalence, but was positively associated with increased HAZ among adolescent girls. Strategy to reduce anemia risk in this population should combine KAP improvement with other known effective nutrition interventions.

Skeletal changes following growth hormone treatment in a child with combined hypopituitarism and a skeletal dysplasia

1983 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Horton ◽  
Campbell P. Howard ◽  
Jerome A. Grunt
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Skeletal Dysplasia ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Normal Structure ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Plate Structure ◽  
Skeletal Changes

Abstract. A child with combined hypopituitarism and an undefined skeletal dysplasia is described. The hypopituitarism was manifested by post-natal growth failure, excessive sc fat, micropenis, and poor growth hormone response to provocative tests. Disproportionately short limbs, especially distally, and skeletal radiographs showing generalized brachydactyly, cone epiphyses of the phalanges and ossification defects in the proximal femoral metaphyses characterized the skeletal dysplasia. In contrast to the normal structure of the endochondral growth plate seen in hypopituitarism, the growth plate in this child was structurally abnormal; there was no differentiation of chondrocytes into hypertrophic and degenerative cells. Treatment with hGH for 8 months was associated with the appearance of chondrocyte differentiation, the restoration of growth plate structure to almost normal and a substantial increase in growth rate. There was no change in his disproportion or improvement in his radiographic abnormalities. These observations suggest that hGH may influence growth plate structure in certain instances and that this may be associated with increased linear growth.

scholarly journals Growth dynamics among adolescent girls in Bangladesh: Evidence from nationally representative data spanning 2011–2014

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0255273
Author(s):  
A. M. Adams ◽  
A. Khan ◽  
A. S. Roy ◽  
Md. T. Hassan ◽  
M. K. Mridha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Growth Faltering

Background Adolescence is the last opportunity to reverse any growth faltering accumulated from fetal life through childhood and it is considered a crucial period to optimize human development. In Bangladesh, a growing double burden of underweight and obesity in adolescents is recognized, yet limited data exists on how, when, and where to intervene. This study assesses the dynamics of growth among adolescent girls in Bangladesh, providing insight about critical junctures where faltering occurs and where immediate interventions are warranted. Methods We pooled data from Bangladesh’s Food Security and Nutrition Surveillance Project collected between 2011 and 2014 to document the age dynamics of weight and linear growth. 20,572 adolescent girls were measured for height and 19,345 for weight. We constructed growth curves for height, weight, stunting, and underweight. We also stratified growth dynamics by wealth quintile to assess socioeconomic inequities in adolescent trajectories. Results Height-for-age z-score (HAZ) in Bangladeshi girls deteriorates throughout adolescence and especially during the early years. Mean HAZ decreases by 0.20 standard deviations (sd) per year in early adolescence (10–14 years) vs 0.06 sd/year during late adolescence (15–19 years), while stunting increases by 16 percentage points (pp) vs 6.7 pp, respectively. Conversely, BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) increases by 0.13 sd/year in early adolescence vs 0.02 sd/year in late adolescence, and underweight decreases by 12.8 pp vs 3.2 pp. Adolescent girls in all socioeconomic groups show a similar pattern of HAZ and BAZ dynamics, but the curve for the richest quintile stays above that of the poorest across all ages. Conclusions Trends and levels of stunting and underweight among adolescent girls in Bangladesh are worrisome, suggesting substantial linear growth faltering in early adolescence, with improving weight-for-age occurring only as linear growth slows and stops. Given the rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Bangladesh and emerging evidence of the link between stunting and later chronic diseases, greater attention to adolescent growth and development is needed. Our findings suggest that, to address stunting, interventions in early adolescence would have the greatest benefits. School-based interventions could be a way to target this population.

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