scholarly journals High concordance of ELISA and neutralization assays allows for the detection of antibodies to individual AAV serotypes

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Gardner ◽  
Desiree E. Mendes ◽  
Claudia P. Muniz ◽  
José M. Martinez-Navio ◽  
Sebastian P. Fuchs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Concordance

Being Drunk to Have Fun or to Forget Problems?

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Kuntsche ◽  
Ronald Knibbe ◽  
Rutger Engels ◽  
Gerhard Gmel
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Drinking Motives ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cluster Analyses ◽  
High Concordance ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Risky Single Occasion Drinking

Prevention programs in adolescence are particularly effective if they target homogeneous risk groups of adolescents who share a combination of particular needs and problems. The present work aims to identify and classify risky single-occasion drinking (RSOD) adolescents according to their motivation to engage in drinking. An easy-to-use coding procedure was developed. It was validated by means of cluster analyses and structural equation modeling based on two randomly selected subsamples of a nationally representative sample of 2,449 12- to 18-year-old RSOD students in Switzerland. Results revealed that the coding procedure classified RSOD adolescents as either enhancement drinkers or coping drinkers. The high concordance (Sample A: κ = .88, Sample B: κ = .90) with the results of the cluster analyses demonstrated the convergent validity of the coding classification. The fact that enhancement drinkers in both subsamples were found to go out more frequently in the evenings and to have more satisfactory social relationships, as well as a higher proportion of drinking peers and a lower likelihood to drink at home than coping drinkers demonstrates the concurrent validity of the classification. To conclude, the coding procedure appears to be a valid, reliable, and easy-to-use tool that can help better adapt prevention activities to adolescent risky drinking motives.

Validity of puberty self-report in children and adolescents in Ho Chi Minh City

MedPharmRes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Tam M. Do ◽  
Thanh K. Van ◽  
Huyen TT. Bich ◽  
Thanh TK. Tran ◽  
Minh X. Ngo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Community Context ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Pubertal Stage ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Kendall’S Τ ◽  
High Concordance

Background: Puberty is a milestone in child and adolescent development, yet a feasible tool to accurately assess pubertal stage in community context has not been validated in Vietnam. Aim: This study was conducted to validate pubertal self-report among Ho Chi Minh City children and adolescents in comparison with paediatrician’s assessment. Methods: 80 girls and 76 boys aged from 6 to 17 years old from 5 schools in Ho Chi Minh City were recruited. Self-administered questionnaires about sexual maturation were distributed to participants and results were compared with physician’s pubertal examination. Kappa statistic and Kendall’s τ b were used to evaluate validity of the questionnaire. Results: Boys tended to overestimate their development stages while girls tended to underestimate. Fair to almost perfect agreement between students’ reports and paediatricians’ evaluation, along with high concordance was recorded, however younger boys (aged 6-11) showed limited evaluation of their own sexual maturation. Conclusion: This method was inaccurate to evaluate younger boys’ sexual maturation; however, acceptable accuracy in sexual maturation estimation among younger girls and adolescents could allow it to serve as an effective screening tool in community context.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analyses of Myometrium from Fibroid Patients Reveals Phenotypic Differences Compared to Non-Diseased Myometrium

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3618
Author(s):  
Emmanuel N. Paul ◽  
Gregory W. Burns ◽  
Tyler J. Carpenter ◽  
Joshua A. Grey ◽  
Asgerally T. Fazleabas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Fibroid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
False Discovery ◽  
Gene Sets ◽  
High Concordance

Uterine fibroid tissues are often compared to their matched myometrium in an effort to understand their pathophysiology, but it is not clear whether the myometria of uterine fibroid patients represent truly non-disease control tissues. We analyzed the transcriptomes of myometrial samples from non-fibroid patients (M) and compared them with fibroid (F) and matched myometrial (MF) samples to determine whether there is a phenotypic difference between fibroid and non-fibroid myometria. Multidimensional scaling plots revealed that M samples clustered separately from both MF and F samples. A total of 1169 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (false discovery rate < 0.05) were observed in the MF comparison with M. Overrepresented Gene Ontology terms showed a high concordance of upregulated gene sets in MF compared to M, particularly extracellular matrix and structure organization. Gene set enrichment analyses showed that the leading-edge genes from the TGFβ signaling and inflammatory response gene sets were significantly enriched in MF. Overall comparison of the three tissues by three-dimensional principal component analyses showed that M, MF, and F samples clustered separately from each other and that a total of 732 DEGs from F vs. M were not found in the F vs. MF, which are likely understudied in the pathogenesis of uterine fibroids and could be key genes for future investigation. These results suggest that the transcriptome of fibroid-associated myometrium is different from that of non-diseased myometrium and that fibroid studies should consider using both matched myometrium and non-diseased myometrium as controls.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Inter-Observer Reliability of Animal Welfare Indicators: Which Is the Best Index to Use?

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1445
Author(s):  
Mauro Giammarino ◽  
Silvana Mattiello ◽  
Monica Battini ◽  
Piero Quatto ◽  
Luca Maria Battaglini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Bootstrap Method ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Bootstrap Methods ◽  
Welfare Indicators ◽  
Observer Reliability ◽  
High Concordance ◽  
Variance Estimates

This study focuses on the problem of assessing inter-observer reliability (IOR) in the case of dichotomous categorical animal-based welfare indicators and the presence of two observers. Based on observations obtained from Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) project surveys conducted on nine dairy goat farms, and using udder asymmetry as an indicator, we compared the performance of the most popular agreement indexes available in the literature: Scott’s π, Cohen’s k, kPABAK, Holsti’s H, Krippendorff’s α, Hubert’s Γ, Janson and Vegelius’ J, Bangdiwala’s B, Andrés and Marzo’s ∆, and Gwet’s γ(AC1). Confidence intervals were calculated using closed formulas of variance estimates for π, k, kPABAK, H, α, Γ, J, ∆, and γ(AC1), while the bootstrap and exact bootstrap methods were used for all the indexes. All the indexes and closed formulas of variance estimates were calculated using Microsoft Excel. The bootstrap method was performed with R software, while the exact bootstrap method was performed with SAS software. k, π, and α exhibited a paradoxical behavior, showing unacceptably low values even in the presence of very high concordance rates. B and γ(AC1) showed values very close to the concordance rate, independently of its value. Both bootstrap and exact bootstrap methods turned out to be simpler compared to the implementation of closed variance formulas and provided effective confidence intervals for all the considered indexes. The best approach for measuring IOR in these cases is the use of B or γ(AC1), with bootstrap or exact bootstrap methods for confidence interval calculation.

scholarly journals Impact of repeated nasal sampling on detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua M. Levy ◽  
Jennifer K. Frediani ◽  
Erika A. Tyburski ◽  
Anna Wood ◽  
Janet Figueroa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Diagnostic Assays ◽  
Negative Findings ◽  
High Concordance ◽  
Repeated Sample ◽  
Multiple Samples ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe impact of repeated sample collection on COVID-19 test performance is unknown. The FDA and CDC currently recommend the primary collection of diagnostic samples to minimize the perceived risk of false-negative findings. We therefore evaluated the association between repeated sample collection and test performance among 325 symptomatic patients undergoing COVID-19 testing in Atlanta, GA. High concordance was found between consecutively collected mid-turbinate samples with both molecular (n = 74, 100% concordance) and antigen-based (n = 147, 97% concordance, kappa = 0.95, CI = 0.88–1.00) diagnostic assays. Repeated sample collection does not decrease COVID-19 test performance, demonstrating that multiple samples can be collected for assay validation and clinical diagnosis.

848 HIGH CONCORDANCE OF SVR4, SVR12, AND SVR24 IN PATIENTS WITH HCV INFECTION WHO HAVE RECEIVED TREATMENT WITH SOFOSBUVIR

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. S348 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Lawitz ◽  
E.J. Gane ◽  
J. Lalezari ◽  
R.H. Hyland ◽  
J. Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hcv Infection ◽  
High Concordance

scholarly journals Non-expert ratings of infant and parent emotion: Concordance with expert coding and relevance to early autism risk

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason K. Baker ◽  
John D. Haltigan ◽  
Ryan Brewster ◽  
James Jaccard ◽  
Daniel Messinger
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Parent Ratings ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Coding Systems ◽  
Behavioral Coding ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Concordance ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Expert Ratings

This study investigated a novel approach to obtaining data on parent and infant emotion during the Face-to-Face/Still-Face paradigm, and examined these data in light of previous findings regarding early autism risk. One-hundred and eighty eight non-expert students rated 38 parents and infant siblings of children who did (20) or did not (18) have autism spectrum disorders. Ratings averaged across 10 non-experts exhibited high concordance with expert facial-action codes for infant emotion, and 20 non-experts were required for reliable parent ratings. Findings replicated the well-established still-face effect and identified subtle risk associations consonant with results from previous investigations. The unique information offered by intuitive non-expert ratings is discussed as an alternative to complex and costly behavioral coding systems.

scholarly journals Detection of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles in plasma from patients with solid cancer

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia R. Vitale ◽  
Jean A. Helmijr ◽  
Marjolein Gerritsen ◽  
Hicret Coban ◽  
Lisanne F. van Dessel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Circulating Tumor Dna ◽  
Solid Cancer ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Spin Column ◽  
High Concordance ◽  
Tumor Dna

Abstract Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are actively secreted by cells into body fluids and contain nucleic acids of the cells they originate from. The goal of this study was to detect circulating tumor-derived EVs (ctEVs) by mutant mRNA transcripts (EV-RNA) in plasma of patients with solid cancers and compare the occurrence of ctEVs with circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in cell-free DNA (cfDNA). Methods For this purpose, blood from 20 patients and 15 healthy blood donors (HBDs) was collected in different preservation tubes (EDTA, BCT, CellSave) and processed into plasma within 24 h from venipuncture. EVs were isolated with the ExoEasy protocol from this plasma and from conditioned medium of 6 cancer cell lines and characterized according to MISEV2018-guidelines. RNA from EVs was isolated with the ExoRNeasy protocol and evaluated for transcript expression levels of 96 genes by RT-qPCR and genotyped by digital PCR. Results Our workflow applied on cell lines revealed a high concordance between cellular mRNA and EV-RNA in expression levels as well as variant allele frequencies for PIK3CA, KRAS and BRAF. Plasma CD9-positive EV and GAPDH EV-RNA levels were significantly different between the preservation tubes. The workflow detected only ctEVs with mutant transcripts in plasma of patients with high amounts (> 20%) of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Expression profiling showed that the EVs from patients resemble healthy donors more than tumor cell lines supporting that most EVs are derived from healthy tissue. Conclusions We provide a workflow for ctEV detection by spin column-based generic isolation of EVs and PCR-based measurement of gene expression and mutant transcripts in EV-RNA derived from cancer patients’ blood plasma. This workflow, however, detected tumor-specific mutations in blood less often in EV-RNA than in cfDNA.

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