scholarly journals Dispositional mindfulness mediates the relationship between conscientiousness and mental health-related issues in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic

2022 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 111223
Author(s):  
Tiantian Liu ◽  
Zhenliang Liu ◽  
Lijia Zhang ◽  
Shoukuan Mu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The association between mental health and physical fitness in Norwegian adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Åvitsland ◽  
Eva Leibinger ◽  
Tommy Haugen ◽  
Øystein Lerum ◽  
Runar Barstad Solberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Studies indicate that cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and body composition are associated with mental health. However, research is scarce concerning this relationship in young adolescents in general and non-existent in Norwegian populations specifically. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between different health-related aspects of physical fitness and self-reported mental health in Norwegian adolescents. Methods: Participants from four regions of Norway (n = 1486; mean age = 13.9; girls = 50.6%) completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and were measured for cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and body composition. Linear mixed effects models were conducted to assess the associations between the health-related aspects of physical fitness and the total difficulties score of the questionnaire. Results: Body composition was not associated with total difficulties score. Muscular strength independently was associated with total difficulties score, but when all independent variables were entered in the fully adjusted model, only cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with total difficulties score. School clusters were included as random effects and all models were controlled for sex, socioeconomic status and birthplace (domestic or foreign). Conclusions: A small but significant negative association between cardiorespiratory fitness and total difficulties score indicated that higher cardiorespiratory fitness predicted better mental health in Norwegian adolescents. The results suggest that muscular strength is not associated with mental health in adolescents, when controlling for cardiorespiratory fitness. Future research on how exercise affects mental health should investigate whether there is a greater effect for participants who improve their cardiorespiratory fitness.

scholarly journals Pregnant Women’s Health-related Behavior Changes and Psychological Status After the Peak of COVID-19 Outbreak in China: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixue Tian ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Xiaoli Chen ◽  
Che Deng ◽  
Zhijie Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Antenatal Visits

Abstract Background: Little is known about the relationship between health-related behavior and psychological status of pregnant women during the COVID-19 outbreak. We aimed to describe the health-related behavior changes and psychological status of Chinese pregnant women, and to explore the relationship between pregnant women’s characteristics, health-related behavior and different psychological status following the peak of COVID-19 outbreak.Methods: We conducted an online survey through social media (WeChat) from March 14 to April 7. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate Chinese pregnant women’s health-related behavior changes. Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Perceived Stress Scale were used to assess anxiety, depression and stress among pregnant women. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare health-related behavior changes before and during the COVID-19 outbreak and Spearman’s rank correlation analysis or logistic regression analysis were used to explore the relationships between variables.Results: A total of 113 pregnant women were included in this study. Most pregnant women wore masks (98.2%), changed location or tried to stay away from those who seem to have a cold or fever (99.1%) and washed hands more often than before (96.5%). Pregnant women washed hands with soap or hand sanitizer more often and went out less often than before the outbreak. There were 41.6% pregnant women who didn’t have antenatal visits or weren’t on time for antenatal visits. Majority (77.9%) pregnant women sought help when feeling panic or anxiety, whereas few turned to psychological workers. The rates of pregnant women with anxiety, depression and health risk stress were 64.6%, 58.4% and 54.9%, respectively. Analysis of relationship between variables showed that household income, gestational age, pregnancy complications, knowledge about COVID-19 and maternal and child protection, perception of the likelihood of infection, the frequency of going out, prenatal check-up behavior, help-seeking behavior were significantly associated or correlated with psychological status. Conclusions: Attention should be paid to the mental health of pregnant women with specific health-related behaviors changes. Screening for mental health problems and psychological interventions among pregnant women are needed.

The relationship among Mental Health Status (GHQ-12), Health Related Quality of Life (EQ-5D) and Health-State Utilities in a general population

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Serrano-Aguilar ◽  
Yolanda Ramallo-Fariña ◽  
Maria Del Mar Trujillo-Martín ◽  
Sergio Raul Muñoz-Navarro ◽  
Lilisbeth Perestelo-Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Forecast Errors ◽  
Health State ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARYAim – To assess the relationship between mental health and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in the general population, and to map GHQ-12 as a screening test for population psychological distress to a generic health state measure (EQ-5D) in order to estimate health state values and allow deriving quality-adjusted life years. Methods – Relationship between mental health and HRQL was examined from the 2004 Canary Islands’ Health Survey. Participants were classified as probable psychiatric cases according to GHQ-12. HRQL was measured by the EQ-5D index. Multivariate lineal regression analysis was used to examine the association between mental health and HRQL adjusting by socio-demographic variables and comorbidities. A multivariate regression model was built from EQ-5D to estimate health states values using GHQ-12 as exposure. Results – EQ-5D index scores decreased as the GHQ-12 scores increased. Clinical and socio-demographic factors influenced HRQL without changing the overall trend for this negative relationship. The regression equation explained 43% of the variance. For estimation of utility scores, the model showed a high predictive capacity, with a mean forecast errors of 16%. Conclusions – HRQL progressively decreased when the probability of being a psychiatric case increased. Findings enable health state values to be derived from GHQ-12 scores for populations where utilities has not or cannot be measured directly.Declaration of Interest: Authors declare no conflicts of interest. This work was supported by the Quality Plan for the National Health Service (Spanish Ministry of Health and Social Policy).

scholarly journals Older adults rate their mental health better than their general health

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena M. Magwene ◽  
Ana R. Quiñones ◽  
Gillian L. Marshall ◽  
Lena K. Makaroun ◽  
Stephen Thielke
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Joint Probability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Joint Probability Distribution ◽  
Medicare Advantage ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

<em>Background</em>. Self-rated health (SRH) shows strong associations with measures of health and well-being. Increasingly, studies have used self-rated mental health (SRMH) as a predictor of various outcomes, independently or together with SRH. Research has not firmly established if and how these two constructs differ. We sought to characterize the relationship between SRH and SRMH, and to determine how this relationship differed across subgroups defined by sociodemographic and health-related characteristics.<br /><em>Design and methods.</em> We analyzed data from the 2012 CAHPS Medicare Advantage Survey. SRH and SRMH ratings were crosstabulated to determine the distribution of responses across response categories. The expected joint probability distribution was computed and compared to the observed distribution. A constructed variable indicated whether SRMH was better, the same, or worse than SRH. We analyzed the distribution of this variable across various subgroups defined by sociodemographic and health-related factors. <br /><em>Results</em>. A total of 114,905 Medicare Advantage beneficiaries responded to both the SRH and SRMH questions. Both in general and within all subgroups, SRMH was usually rated as better than SRH, and rarely as worse. <br /><em>Conclusions</em>. Within a large group of Medicare recipients, the overwhelming trend was for recipients to rate their mental health as at least as good as their overall health, regardless of any sociodemographic and health-related factors. This finding of a shifted distribution encourages caution in the analytic use of selfrated mental health, particularly the use of both SRH and SRMH for adjustment. Additional research is needed to help clarify the complex relationship between these variables.

scholarly journals Nomological Network of Dispositional Mindfulness: Evidence from MIDUS-II and MIDUS-III

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Min-Sun Kim ◽  
Atsushi Oshio ◽  
Eun-Joo Kim ◽  
Satoshi Akutsu ◽  
Ayano Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Nomological Network ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health And Well Being

While dispositional mindfulness is a popular construct in the field of positive psychology, its nomological network in the context of health and well-being is not well established. Our study addresses this limitation by examining the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and various health-related psychological constructs, including personality, social well-being, and affective states. Data for this study were gathered from the national longitudinal studies of health and well-being called Midlife in the United States (MIDUS-II and MIDUS-III). The nomological network analysis of dispositional mindfulness showed positive associations with both religiosity and overall well-being measures (e.g., Social Well-Being, Sympathy, Optimism, and Generativity) and negative associations with maladaptive tendencies (e.g., Pessimism, Aggression, Neuroticism, and Personal Constraints). Finally, test-retest validity was positively verified by significant correlations among the variables, spanning over ten years. Articulating a nomological network of dispositional mindfulness has important implications for future research and practice. &nbsp;

Abstract 252: Trust in the Medical Profession is Associated with Medication Adherence and Health-Related Quality of Life in Hispanic Adults with Hypertension

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilia S Meltzer ◽  
Ron D Hays
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Fit Index ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Nonadherence to blood pressure lowering medication is a main contributor to poor hypertension control. While trust in the medical profession has been found to be associated with health behaviors such as treatment adherence, it has rarely been examined in Hispanics with hypertension and its relationship with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is unknown. Objective: We evaluated a priori hypotheses positing that trust in the medical profession would be associated with greater medication adherence, resilience, and, in turn, better HRQOL in patients with hypertension. The three specific aims of this study were to: 1) examine the overall association (total effect) of trust in the medical profession and HRQOL (self-reported physical and mental health); 2) assess whether the association of trust with HRQOL is mediated by medication adherence and resilience; and 3) evaluate whether these associations vary by ethnicity (Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic). Methods: A cross-sectional survey that included the PROMIS® global physical and mental health scales and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 was conducted with 201 adults (101 Hispanics and 100 non-Hispanics) under treatment for hypertension at a practice with seven cardiologists. A structural equation model was estimated to examine hypothesized associations (direct and indirect effects) among variables. Model fit was assessed via the chi-square statistic and three fit indices (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation; Comparative Fit Index; Non-Normed Fit Index). Results: The proposed model fit the data well and explained 37% of the variance in mental health and 15% of the variance in physical health. Trust was positively associated with physical health (β = 0.32, P < 0.001) and mental health (β = 0.43, P < 0.001). Trust was also positively associated with resilience (β = 0.18, P < 0.05), and medication adherence (β = 0.25, P < 0.05). Resilience was not significantly associated with physical health, but it was positively associated with mental health (β = 0.34, P < 0.001). Medication adherence was not significantly associated with either physical or mental health. Additionally, resilience partially mediated the relationship between trust and physical and mental health. And medication adherence partially mediated the relationship between trust and mental health, but did not significantly mediate the relationship between trust and physical health. A simultaneous group analysis indicated that Hispanic ethnicity did not moderate the associations between trust, medication adherence, resilience, and HRQOL. Conclusions: Findings suggest that trust in the medical profession serves as a protective mechanism for improving health in patients with hypertension by enhancing medication adherence, resilience, and global health irrespective of Hispanic ethnicity.

scholarly journals Killing two birds with one stone: how intervening when witnessing bullying at the workplace may help both target and the acting observer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Birkeland Nielsen ◽  
Michael Rosander ◽  
Stefan Blomberg ◽  
Ståle Valvatne Einarsen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract Objective This study examines under which conditions being an observer of bullying can be detrimental to health and well-being. It was hypothesized that health-related problems following observations of bullying are determined by (1) whether the observer has been exposed to bullying her/himself and (2) whether the observer have tried to intervene in the bullying situation that they witnessed. Methods The study was based on a longitudinal probability survey of the Swedish workforce, with an 18-month time lag between assessment points (N = 1096). Results Witnessing bullying at work were associated with an increase in subsequent levels of mental distress among the observers, although this association became insignificant when adjusting for the observers’ own exposure to bullying. Intervening against bullying moderated the relationship between observations of bullying and mental health problems. Observers who did not try to intervene reported a significant increase in mental health problems at follow-up, whereas there were no significant changes in levels of mental health problems among those who did intervene. Conclusions the findings suggest that observer interventions against bullying may be highly beneficial for both the targets and observers of bullying. Organizations should therefore invest in ways to increase constructive bystander behavior in negative social situations at the workplace.

scholarly journals The Impact of U.S. Housing Type and Residential Living Situations on Mental Health during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8281
Author(s):  
Jyotsna Ghimire ◽  
Andrew T. Carswell ◽  
Ramesh Ghimire ◽  
Pamela R. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Housing Tenure ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Multifamily Housing ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Residential Living ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Residential environments could be associated with the mental health of residents, in general, and during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, limited studies have investigated the relationship between these two. This study used data from the Household Pulse Survey, collected between 23 April 2020 and 23 November 2020 to explore the relationship between mental health status as perceived by the residents and housing tenure (own or rent), building type, and the number of household members, while accounting for sociodemographic characteristics, general health-related variables, and week-specific unobserved heterogeneities. The findings suggest that renters had higher odds of experiencing mental health issues than homeowners. Residents in multifamily housing units had higher odds of experiencing mental health problems than single-family units. Further, more people in the household were associated with lower odds of experiencing mental health episodes during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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