Smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus and family history of cancer as risk factors for sporadic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review

OBJECTIVE: Selecting controls is one of the most difficult tasks in the design of case-control studies. Hospital controls may be inadequate and random controls drawn from the base population may be unavailable. The aim was to assess the use of hospital visitors as controls in a case-control study on the association of organochlorinated compounds and other risk factors for breast cancer conducted in the main hospital of the "Instituto Nacional de Câncer" -- INCA (National Cancer Institute) in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). METHODS: The study included 177 incident cases and 377 controls recruited among female visitors. Three different models of control group composition were compared: Model 1, with all selected visitors; Model 2, excluding women visiting relatives with breast cancer; and Model 3, excluding all women visiting relatives with any type of cancer. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to test the associations. RESULTS: Age-adjusted OR for breast cancer associated with risk factors other than family history of cancer, except smoking and breast size, were similar in the three models. Regarding family history of all cancers, except for breast cancer, there was a decreased risk in Models 1 and 2, while in Model 3 there was an increased risk, but not statistically significant. Family history of breast cancer was a risk factor in Models 2 and 3, but no association was found in Model 1. In multivariate analysis a significant risk of breast cancer was found when there was a family history of breast cancer in Models 2 and 3 but not in Model 1. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that while investigating risk factors unrelated to family history of cancer, the use of hospital visitors as controls may be a valid and feasible alternative.

Download Full-text

Family history of cancer and nonmalignant lung diseases as risk factors for lung cancer

International Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1002/ijc.24283 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 125 (1) ◽

pp. 146-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Ying Gao ◽

Alisa M. Goldstein ◽

Dario Consonni ◽

Angela C. Pesatori ◽

Sholom Wacholder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Lung Cancer ◽

Family History ◽

Lung Diseases ◽

Family History Of Cancer ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Cancer

Download Full-text

The Risk Factors of Pancreatic Cancer Patients in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta During 2014-2019

The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy ◽

10.24871/2122020120-125 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 120-125

Author(s):

Kaka Renaldi ◽

Teddy Septianto ◽

Dadang Makmun

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Chronic Pancreatitis ◽

Family History ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Obesity And Diabetes ◽

History Of ◽

Age Adjusted Rates

Background: Pancreatic cancer is a very rare cancer with age-adjusted rates ranging from about 5 to 10 new cases per 100,000 persons per year. It has one of the worst prognoses of any type of cancer, with a 5-year survival rate of only 4.6%. Several risk factors have been identified, including older age, smoking, familial history of pancreatic cancer, obesity, chronic pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus, and alcohol consumption.Method: This was a descriptive study describing the risk factors of patients who were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in the period between 1 January 2014 – 1 January 2019 at the Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital (RSCM) Jakarta. Data were obtained from the medical records and Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) database from the RSCM Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center.Results: From January 2014 to January 2019 there were 123 patients with newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer in RSCM. The mean age was 52 years old. The incidence of pancreatic cancer is more common in men (53%) than women (47%). The most common risk factor identified is smoking which was found in 29% of patients, followed by obesity at 27.9% and a history of diabetes mellitus at 19.5%. Risk factors with a fairly low prevalence include alcohol consumption at 9.7% and chronic pancreatitis at 2.4%. No family history of pancreatic cancer is identified in any subject.Conclusion: Smoking, obesity, and diabetes mellitus are common risk factors in pancreatic cancer patients. In contrast, chronic pancreatitis, alcohol consumption, and family history of pancreatic cancer are less commonly identified in patients.

Download Full-text

Family History of Cancer and Associated Risk of Developing Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Case-Control Study

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention ◽

10.1158/1055-9965.epi-07-0750 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 959-965 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Manal M. Hassan ◽

Alexandria Phan ◽

Donghui Li ◽

Cecile G. Dagohoy ◽

Colleen Leary ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Family History Of Cancer ◽

History Of ◽

Control Study ◽

History Of Cancer

Download Full-text

Prevalence and risk factors of type-2 diabetes mellitus in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-01256-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Melkamu A. Zeru ◽

Endalamaw Tesfa ◽

Aweke A. Mitiku ◽

Awoke Seyoum ◽

Tesfaye Abera Bokoro

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Family History ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

History Of

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a public health problem in developing as well as developed nations. DM leads to many complications that are associated with higher morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, the current study was planned to assess the prevalence and risk factors of type-2 DM in Ethiopian population. Six electronic databases such as: PubMed, Scopus, Hinari, Web of science, Google Scholar, and African Journals Online were searched for studies published in English up December 30, 2020. Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment of the included studies. The data was extracted by Microsoft excel and analyzed through Stata version 16 software. The random effect meta-regression analysis was computed at 95% CI to assess the pooled prevalence and risk factors of type-2 DM. Forty observational studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of DM in Ethiopia was 6.5% (95% CI (5.8, 7.3)). The sub-group analysis revealed that the highest prevalence of DM was found in Dire Dawa city administration (14%), and the lowest prevalence was observed in Tigray region (2%). The pooled prevalence of DM was higher (8%) in studies conducted in health facility. Factors like: Age ≥ 40 years ((Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 1.91 (95% CI: 1.05, 3.49)), Illiterate (AOR: 2.74 (95% CI: 1.18, 6.34)), Cigarette smoking (AOR: 1.97 (95% CI: 1.17, 3.32)), Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 (AOR: 2.01 (95 CI: 1.46, 2.27)), family history of DM (AOR: 6.14 (95% CI: 2.80, 13.46)), history of hypertension (AOR: 3.00 (95% CI: 1.13, 7.95)) and physical inactivity (AOR: 5.79 (95% CI: 2.12, 15.77)) were significantly associated with type-2 DM in Ethiopian population. In this review, the prevalence of type-2 DM was high. Factors like: Older age, illiteracy, cigarette smoking, MBI ≥ 25, family history of DM, history of hypertension and physical inactivity were an identified risk factors of type-2 DM. Therefore, health education and promotion will be warranted. Further, large scale prospective studies will be recommended to address possible risk factors of type-2 DM in Ethiopian population.

Download Full-text

The role of family history of Cancer in Oral Cavity Cancer

Head & Face Medicine ◽

10.1186/s13005-021-00298-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Paolo Junior Fantozzi ◽

Roxanne Bavarian ◽

Ibon Tamayo ◽

Marie-Abele Bind ◽

Sook-Bin Woo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Family History ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Personal History ◽

Oral Leukoplakia ◽

Family History Of Cancer ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Cancer

Abstract Objectives Oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the 10th most common cancer in the United States (8th in males, 13th in females), with an estimated 54,010 new cases expected in 2021, and is primarily associated with smoked tobacco, heavy alcohol consumption, areca nut use and persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). Family history of cancer (FHC) and family history of head and neck cancer (FHHNC) have been reported to play an important role in the development of OSCC. We aimed to investigate the role of FHC, FHHNC and personal history of cancer in first/second degree-relatives as co-risk factors for oral cancer. Methods This was a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with OSCC at the Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and at the Division of Head and Neck Oncology at Dana Farber Cancer Institute. Conditional logistic regressions were performed to examine whether OSCC was associated with FHC and FHHNC of FDRs and SDRs, personal history of cancer and secondary risk factors. Results Overall, we did not find an association between FHC, FHHNC and OSCC risk, whereas patients with a cancer history in one of their siblings were 1.6-times more likely to present with an OSCC. When secondary risk factors were considered, patients with a history of oral leukoplakia and dysplasia had a 16-times higher risk of having an OSCC. Conclusions Our study confirmed that a previous history of oral leukoplakia or dysplasia was an independent risk factor for OSCC. A positive family history of cancer in one or more siblings may be an additional risk factor for OSCC.

Download Full-text

Risk factors for early-onset colorectal cancer in China.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.10542 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 10542-10542

Author(s):

Zhe Pan ◽

Junfeng Huang ◽

Mingkai Huang ◽

Zhiyuan Yao ◽

Jiongqiang Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Family History ◽

Early Onset ◽

Cancer Site ◽

Family History Of Cancer ◽

History Of ◽

Early Onset Colorectal Cancer ◽

History Of Cancer

10542 Background: The incidence of colorectal cancer among persons aged < 50 years (early-onset colorectal cancer, EOCRC) has increased since the early 1990s. However, the risk factors contributing to this trend remain largely unknown. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of participants who were aged < 50 years and without a previous cancer history, using the China Kadoorie Biobank cohort study. We analyzed data related to demographics, lifestyle habits, family history, and comorbidities of EOCRC cases with participants without colorectal cancer in this age group (controls). Univariate and multivariate-adjusted cox regression models were used to estimate the associations with risk factors. Results: We identified 225 EOCRC cases and 88842 controls that include the final analyses. Of the 225 EOCRC patients, 105 (46.7%) were colon cancers and 120 (53.3%) were rectum cancers. EOCRC cases were older, have more intake of fish and eggs, have higher BMIs, diabetes, and family history of cancer compared with controls (P < 0.05). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, increasing age (HR 2.18, 95%CI 2.05-2.31), BMI (HR 1.06, 95%CI 1.01-1.11), family history of cancer (HR 1.41, 95%CI 1.00-1.98), and more intake of fish (HR 1.54, 95%CI 1.09-2.19) were significantly associated with a higher risk of EOCRC. In sensitivity analyses stratified by cancer site (colon and rectum), the results remained consistent. Conclusions: Based on the large Chinese cohort study, we found increasing age, higher BMI or obesity, family history of cancer, and more intake of fish were independent risk factors for EOCRC. Further studies are needed to identify factors that cause the increasing incidence of EOCRC in China and other countries, and explore the potential mechanism behind.[Table: see text]

Download Full-text