The attitudes of parents toward the oral health of children and their reflection on the non-cavitated caries lesions

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
İrem Bağ
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Caries Lesions

scholarly journals Evaluation of Clinical, Biochemical and Microbiological Markers Related to Dental Caries

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6049
Author(s):  
Maria D Ferrer ◽  
Salvadora Pérez ◽  
Aránzazu López Lopez ◽  
José Luis Sanz ◽  
Maria Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Caries Lesions

Our aim was to evaluate clinical, biochemical and microbiological markers related to dental caries in adults. A sample that consisted of 75 volunteers was utilized. The presence of caries and the presence of plaque and gingival indices were determined. Unstimulated salivary flow, pH, lactate, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus dentisani were measured in the participants’ plaque and saliva samples before and after rinsing with a sugar solution. Lactate in plaque was found to be significantly related to age, gender, tooth-brushing frequency, the presence of cavitated caries lesions and plaque and gingival indices (p < 0.05). The levels of S. dentisani in plaque increased significantly with tooth-brushing frequency (p = 0.03). Normalized plaque S. dentisani values and the percentage of S. dentisani were slightly higher in patients with basal lactic acid levels ≤ 50 mg/L. After rinsing with a sugary solution, the percentage of S. mutans levels in plaque were higher in patients with lactic acid levels > 350 mg/L (p = 0.03). Tooth-brushing frequency was the factor which was most associated with oral health. Women reflected better clinical and biochemical parameters than men. Low pH and high lactic acid levels tended to be associated with high caries rates. No association was found between bacteria levels and caries indices.

scholarly journals CariesCare International adapted for the pandemic in children: Caries OUT multicentre single-group interventional study protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Martignon ◽  
Andrea Cortes ◽  
Gail V. A. Douglas ◽  
J. Timothy Newton ◽  
Nigel B. Pitts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Single Group ◽  
Surface Level ◽  
Control Effectiveness ◽  
Oral Health Behaviour ◽  
Caries Progression ◽  
Caries Lesions

Abstract Background Comprehensive caries care has shown effectiveness in controlling caries progression and improving health outcomes by controlling caries risk, preventing initial-caries lesions progression, and patient satisfaction. To date, the caries-progression control effectiveness of the patient-centred risk-based CariesCare International (CCI) system, derived from ICCMS™ for the practice (2019), remains unproven. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic a previously planned multi-centre RCT shifted to this “Caries OUT” study, aiming to assess in a single-intervention group in children, the caries-control effectiveness of CCI adapted for the pandemic with non-aerosols generating procedures (non-AGP) and reducing in-office time. Methods In this 1-year multi-centre single-group interventional trial the adapted-CCI effectiveness will be assessed in one single group in terms of tooth-surface level caries progression control, and secondarily, individual-level caries progression control, children’s oral-health behaviour change, parents’ and dentists’ process acceptability, and costs exploration. A sample size of 258 3–5 and 6–8 years old patients was calculated after removing half from the previous RCT, allowing for a 25% dropout, including generally health children (27 per centre). The single-group intervention will be the adapted-CCI 4D-cycle caries care, with non-AGP and reduced in-office appointments’ time. A trained examiner per centre will conduct examinations at baseline, at 5–5.5 months (3 months after basic management), 8.5 and 12 months, assessing the child’s CCI caries risk and oral-health behaviour, visually staging and assessing caries-lesions severity and activity without air-drying (ICDAS-merged Epi); fillings/sealants; missing/dental-sepsis teeth, and tooth symptoms, synthetizing together with parent and external-trained dental practitioner (DP) the patient- and tooth-surface level diagnoses and personalised care plan. DP will deliver the adapted-CCI caries care. Parents’ and dentists’ process acceptability will be assessed via Treatment-Evaluation-Inventory questionnaires, and costs in terms of number of appointments and activities. Twenty-one centres in 13 countries will participate. Discussion The results of Caries OUT adapted for the pandemic will provide clinical data that could help support shifting the caries care in children towards individualised oral-health behaviour improvement and tooth-preserving care, improving health outcomes, and explore if the caries progression can be controlled during the pandemic by conducting non-AGP and reducing in-office time. Trial registration: Retrospectively-registered-ClinicalTrials.gov-NCT04666597-07/12/2020: https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S000AGM4&selectaction=Edit&uid=U00019IE&ts=2&cx=uwje3h. Protocol-version 2: 27/01/2021.

scholarly journals The effect of two clinical criteria in the assessment of caries lesions around restorations in children (CARDEC-03): study protocol for a diagnostic randomized clinical trial

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Bruna Lorena Pereira Moro ◽  
Cácia Signori ◽  
Raiza Dias Freitas ◽  
Laura Regina Antunes Pontes ◽  
Tathiane Larissa Lenzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Randomized Clinical Study ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Shared Frailty ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Caries Lesions

Introduction: The detection of caries lesions around restoration can be challenging. Therefore, the use of some criteria has been proposed in order to give more objectivity to the diagnosis process. Two of them are the International Dental Federation (FDI) and the Caries Associated with Restorations and Sealants (CARS) criteria. Both methods have a different approach to caries, and it is not possible to know which one of them is the best to use in clinical practice to assess restorations in children. Thus, the present protocol aims to evaluate the effect of the use of the FDI and CARS criteria in the assessment of caries lesions around restorations in primary teeth on outcomes related to oral health in children and costs resulting from the assessments. Methods and analysis: A total of 626 restorations of children from three to 10 years were randomly assessed and are being treated following the FDI criteria (FDI group) or CARS criteria (CARS group). Participants will be followed-up after six, 12, 18, and 24 months. The primary outcome will be the need for a new intervention in the evaluated restorations. This outcome consists of several components, and each of these events will be analyzed separately as secondary outcomes. The changes in children’s oral health-related quality of life and the cost of the restoration dental treatments will also be analyzed as secondary outcomes. The methods will be compared using the Cox regression model with shared frailty. A significance level of 5% will be adopted for all statistical analyses. Discussion: This will be the first randomized clinical study carried out regarding the detection of caries lesions around restorations in primary teeth. Trial registration: The study underwent registration in Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03520309) on 9 May 2018.

scholarly journals Study protocol for a diagnostic randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of the use of two clinical criteria in the assessment of caries lesions around restorations in adults: the Caries Cognition and Identification in Adults (CaCIA) trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cácia Signori ◽  
◽  
Bruna Lorena Pereira Moro ◽  
Juliana Lays Stolfo Uehara ◽  
Vitor Henrique Digmayer Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Diagnostic Strategy ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Caries Lesions

Abstract Background The assessment of restored teeth in dentistry remains a challenge, mainly related to the detection of caries around restorations. There is a diversity of clinical criteria available to assess the caries lesions, resulting in differences in the dentists’ diagnosis and treatment decisions. In addition, there is a lack of evidence regarding the best criteria to detect caries lesions around the restorations. Thus, the present protocol aims to evaluate the effect of using 2 visual criteria to assess restored teeth on the outcomes related to oral health in adults. Methods The design protocol of the Caries Cognition and Identification in Adults trial correspond to a triple-blind randomized, controlled clinical trial with parallel-groups. Two groups will be compared: patients who will receive the diagnosis and treatment decision according to FDI (World Dental Federation) criteria—FDI group; and patients who will receive diagnosis and treatment decision according to the “Caries Associated with Restorations or Sealants” criteria defined by the International Caries Classification and Management System (ICCMS group). The participants will be followed up after 6, 12, 18, 24, and 60 months, and the restoration failure will be the primary outcome. The analysis will be conducted through Cox regression with shared frailty. The impact of oral health on quality of life and the cost-effectiveness of the methods used will be the secondary outcomes. Two-tailed analyzes will be used, considering a level of significance of 5%. Discussion This is the first clinical trial to assess the effect of using two visual methods to detect caries lesions around restorations on the outcomes related to oral health in adults. The findings of this study will define what is the best diagnostic strategy for the assessment of caries around restorations in permanent teeth. Trial registration NCT03108586 (registered 11 April 2017).

scholarly journals Life-conditions and anthropometric variables as risk factors for oral health in children in Ladakh, a cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Grazia Cagetti ◽  
Fabio Cocco ◽  
Ezio Calzavara ◽  
Davide Augello ◽  
Phunchok Zangpoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
Low Bmi ◽  
Caries Lesions

Abstract Background The aim of this survey was to evaluate the severity of dental caries among children living in Zanskar Valley (Ladakh, India) and its association with anthropometric and background variables. Methods This cross‐sectional survey was conducted on schoolchildren divided into four age groups (< 6, ≥ 6 < 11, ≥ 11 < 14 and > 14 years of age). A total of 1474 schoolchildren (607 males, 41.2%) were examined. Actual caries prevalence (dt/DT) and gingival bleeding were recorded by four calibrated dentists. An ad hoc questionnaire evaluated general health, eating habits, oral hygiene and the self-perception of oral conditions. Height, weight, waist circumference, heart-rate and oxygen-saturation were also collected directly by examiners. Responses to questionnaire items were treated as categorical or ordinal variables. The relationship between children’s caries data, gingival bleeding, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI) following the International Obesity Task Force, waist circumference and questionnaire items was assessed using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Pearson correlation. Conditional ordinal logistic regression was used to analyse associations among caries severity, gender, BMI, waist circumference, oxygen saturation and questionnaire items. A forward stepwise logistic regression procedure was also carried-out to estimate the ORs of gingival bleeding prevalence and the covariates derived from examination or questionnaire. Results Caries was almost ubiquitarian with only 10.0% of caries-free children (dt/DT = 0). Caries severity, in both primary and permanent dentitions, was statistically significantly related to gender, waist circumference, BMI, oral hygiene frequency and self-reported chewing problems (p < 0.01 in both dentitions). An increasing relative risk for caries in permanent dentition compared to caries-free subjects was observed in children with a low BMI (RRR = 1.67, 95%CI = 1.54/2.83 for subjects with 1–3 caries lesions and RRR = 1.52, 95%CI = 1.36/1.74 for subjects with > 3 caries lesions); also, children with reduced waist circumference had a higher relative risk to have 1–3 caries lesions (RRR = 2.16, 95%CI = 1.84/2.53) and an even higher risk to have more than 3 caries lesions (RRR = 4.22, 95%CI = 3.33/5.34). Conclusions A significant impact of untreated caries lesions was observed in Ladakh schoolchildren; low BMI values and reduced waist circumference showed to be the main caries risk predictors. Preventive and intervention programmes should be implemented to improve children's oral health.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on the level of severity of dental caries in adults.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Clarisse Díaz-Reissner ◽  
◽  
Juan Roldán-Merino ◽  
Irma Casas-García ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
General Level ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Caries Lesions

Introduction: Oral diseases affect some 3.9 billion people worldwide, the most prevalent are dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Untreated dental caries lesions affect 35% of the population. Objective: To determine the level of severity of dental caries lesions in adults treated at public dental services in the cities of Asunción and Pirayú, Paraguay, in 2017. Material and Methods: Sociodemographic and clinical variables of oral health status were evaluated by means of a cross-sectional study using consecutive sampling. Two dentists were calibrated to perform the oral examination. Caries experience was evaluated using the DMF-T index. The Chi square test and Fisher's exact test were applied, with a confidence level of 95%. Results: 333 subjects with a mean age of 35 years participated in the study, 77.2% were females, and 64.0% did not have access to private health care services. The DMF-T index was 11.43 (SD=6.7); 12.6% obtained a very low level, 35.7% low level, 41.7% had a medium level, and 9.9% had a high level in the DMF-T index. The DMF-T index was significantly higher in females (p=0.001), in the age range of 50 to 59 years (p<0.001), in those who did not have access to private health services (p=0.008), in those who reported a negative self-evaluation of their oral health (p=0.04), in those with a normal molar ratio (p=0.023) and a very severe aesthetic index (p<0.001). Conclusion: The general level of severity of global caries was medium and associated with sociodemographic and clinical variables.

scholarly journals The effect of two clinical criteria in the assessment of caries lesions around restorations in children (CARDEC-03): study protocol for a diagnostic randomized clinical trial

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Bruna Lorena Pereira Moro ◽  
Cácia Signori ◽  
Raiza Dias Freitas ◽  
Laura Regina Antunes Pontes ◽  
Tathiane Larissa Lenzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Randomized Clinical Study ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Shared Frailty ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Caries Lesions

Introduction: The detection of caries lesions around restoration can be challenging. Therefore, the use of some criteria has been proposed in order to give more objectivity to the diagnosis process. Two of them are the International Dental Federation (FDI) and the Caries Associated with Restorations and Sealants (CARS) criteria. Both methods have a different approach to caries, and it is not possible to know which one of them is the best to use in clinical practice to assess restorations in children. Thus, the present protocol aims to evaluate the effect of the use of the FDI and CARS criteria in the assessment of caries lesions around restorations in primary teeth on outcomes related to oral health in children and costs resulting from the assessments. Methods and analysis: A total of 626 restorations of children from three to 10 years were randomly assessed and are being treated following the FDI criteria (FDI group) or CARS criteria (CARS group). Participants will be followed-up after six, 12, 18, and 24 months. The primary outcome will be the need for a new intervention in the evaluated restorations. This outcome consists of several components, and each of these events will be analyzed separately as secondary outcomes. The changes in children’s oral health-related quality of life and the cost of the restoration dental treatments will also be analyzed as secondary outcomes. The methods will be compared using the Cox regression model with shared frailty. A significance level of 5% will be adopted for all statistical analyses. Discussion: This will be the first randomized clinical study carried out regarding the detection of caries lesions around restorations in primary teeth. Trial registration: The study underwent registration in Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03520309) on 9 May 2018.

scholarly journals Guardian Reports of Children's Sub-optimal Oral Health Are Associated With Clinically Determined Early Childhood Caries, Unrestored Caries Lesions, and History of Toothaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily P. Imes ◽  
Jeannie Ginnis ◽  
Poojan Shrestha ◽  
Miguel A. Simancas-Pallares ◽  
Kimon Divaris
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Health Related ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dental Home ◽  
Fair Poor ◽  
Child Oral Health ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Children’S Oral Health

Background: Parents'/guardians' perceptions of their children's oral health are useful proxies of their clinically determined caries status and are known to influence dental care-seeking behavior. In this study, we sought to examine (1) the social and behavioral correlates of fair/poor child oral health reported by guardians and (2) quantify the association of these reports with the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC), unrestored caries lesions and toothaches.Methods: We used guardian-reported child oral health information (dichotomized as fair/poor vs. excellent/very good/good) obtained via a parent questionnaire that was completed for n = 7,965 participants (mean age = 52 months; range = 36-71 months) of a community-based, cross-sectional epidemiologic study of early childhood oral health in North Carolina between 2016 and 2019. Social, demographic, oral health-related behavioral data, and reports on children's history of toothaches (excluding teething) were collected in the same questionnaire. Unrestored ECC (i.e., caries lesions) was measured via clinical examinations in a subset of n = 6,328 children and was defined as the presence of one or more tooth surfaces with an ICDAS ≥ 3 caries lesion. Analyses relied on descriptive and bivariate methods, and multivariate modeling with average marginal effect (A.M.E.) estimation accounting for the clustered nature of the data. Estimates of association [prevalence ratios (PR) and adjusted marginal effects (AME) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)] were obtained via multilevel generalized linear models using Stata's svy function and accounting for the clustered nature of the data.Results: The prevalence of fair/poor oral health in this sample was 15%–it increased monotonically with children's age, was inversely associated with parents' educational attainment, and was higher among Hispanics (21%) and African Americans (15%) compared to non-Hispanic whites (11%). Brushing less than twice a day, not having a dental home, and frequently consuming sugar-containing snacks and beverages were significantly associated with worse reports (P &lt; 0.0005). Children with fair/poor reported oral health were twice as likely to have unrestored caries lesions [prevalence ratio (PR) = 2.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.8-2.1] and 3.5 times as likely to have experienced toothaches [PR = 3.5; 95% CI = 3.1-3.9] compared to those with better reported oral health.Conclusions: Guardian reports of their children's oral health are valuable indicators of clinical and public health-important child oral health status. Those with fair/poor guardian-reported child oral health have distinguishing characteristics spanning socio-demographics, oral-health related practices, diet, and presence of a dental home.

Comparison of Caries Prevalence in Two Populations of Cleft Patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 532-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Stec-Slonicz ◽  
Joanna Szczepańska ◽  
Ursula Hirschfelder
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Plaque Control ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Caries Lesions

Objective: To assess and compare the oral and dental status and the level of oral health care among Polish and German patients with cleft lip and palate treated in Łódź and Erlangen, followed by an assessment of the level of realization of oral care procedures. Design: Oral and dental status were assessed by the presence of dental plaque and caries lesions. Parents of each patient completed a questionnaire related to frequency of tooth brushing, frequency of dental visits, and the use of means with increased fluoride content. Setting: Department of Dentistry for Developmental Ages, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland, and Department of Orthodontics, University of Erlangen-Nuremburg, Erlangen, Germany. Patients and Intervention: Thirty-seven Polish patients were examined between February and April 2004. Sixty-three German patients were examined between October 2004 and August 2005. Results: In Erlangen, decayed teeth = 1.625, missing teeth = 0.014, and filled teeth = 2.39. In Łódź, decayed teeth = 2.5, missing teeth = 0.09, and filled teeth = 0.75. Among the subjects with Approximal Plaque Index scores <40%, the Decayed-Missing-Filled-Teeth Index was significantly higher in Polish than in German patients. In the total population of patients, a positive correlation between the value of the API Index and caries intensity was recorded. Declared parents’ answers did not copy the actual oral cavity status. Conclusions: Caries prevalence in each group was much higher than in the general population and significantly higher among Polish than German cleft patients. Programs for cleft children promoting oral health, especially aimed at plaque control, are recommended in the early stages of the children's lives.

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