Effects of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on prostaglandin production in ovine fetal chorion cells in vitro in late gestation ewes

Placenta ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 752-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Cheng ◽  
M. Elmes ◽  
S. Kirkup ◽  
D.R.E. Abayasekara ◽  
D.C. Wathes
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Prostaglandin Production ◽  
Ovine Fetal

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate prostaglandin synthesis by ovine amnion cells in vitro

Reproduction ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 943-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
S E Kirkup ◽  
Z Cheng ◽  
M Elmes ◽  
D C Wathes ◽  
D R E Abayasekara
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Stearidonic Acid ◽  
Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Pufa Composition

Diets or supplements high in n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to influence the timing of parturition. PUFAs are substrates for prostaglandin (PG) synthesis, and PGs play central roles in parturition. Hence, the effects of altering PUFA composition may be mediated through alterations in the type and relative quantities of PGs synthesised. Therefore, we have investigated the effects of a range of n-3 and n-6 PUFAsin vitroon PG synthesis by amnion cells of late gestation ewes. The n-6 PUFA, arachidonic acid (20:4, n-6), increased synthesis of two-series PGs. Degree of stimulation induced by the n-6 PUFAs was dependent on the position of the PUFA in the PG synthetic pathway, i.e. PG production of the two-series (principally prostaglandin E2:PGE2) increased progressively with longer chain PUFAs. Effects of n-3 PUFAs on output of PGE2were more modest and variable. The two shorter chain n-3 PUFAs, α-linolenic acid (18:3, n-3) and stearidonic acid (18:4, n-3), induced a small but significant increase in PGE2output, while the longest chain n-3 PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (22:6, n-3) inhibited PGE2synthesis. Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (20:3, n-6), the PUFA substrate for synthesis of one-series PGs, induced an increase in PGE1generation and a decrease in PGE2and PGE3outputs. Hence, we have demonstrated that PUFA supplementation of ovine amnion cellsin vitroaffects the type and quantity of PGs synthesised.

scholarly journals The effect of a diet supplemented with the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid on prostaglandin production in early- and late-pregnant ewes

2005 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Cheng ◽  
M Elmes ◽  
S E Kirkup ◽  
E C Chin ◽  
D R E Abayasekara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Calcium Ionophore ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Pg Release

Polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from the diet are incorporated into cell membranes where they act as precursors for prostaglandin (PG) synthesis. Linoleic acid (LA; 18:2 n-6) is a major constituent of plant oils and its consumption in Westernized populations is increasing. This study investigated the influence of LA on PG production by the uterus and placenta. Pregnant ewes were fed a control or an LA-enriched diet. Oxytocin (OT) was injected on day 45 (early) or day 133 (late) of gestation to measure the release of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF2α (PGFM). Ewes were killed on day 46 or day 138 for collection of uterine intercaruncular endometrium and fetal allantochorion. Basal and stimulated PG release from explant cultures was assessed before and after in vitro treatment with OT, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), dexamethasone (DEX) or calcium ionophore (CaI). Expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 was determined by Western blot in endometrium of late-gestation ewes. Circulating PGFM levels in vivo did not differ according to diet but there were highly significant differences in the release of PGs in vitro. Basal production of PGF2αand PGE2 by the endometrium and of PGE2 by the allantochorion were all higher in tissues from LA-supplemented ewes. Endometrial tissues produced more PG following OT and CaI treatment, whereas DEX inhibited production of both PGs at both stages of gestation. In allantochorion collected at day 46 LPS did not significantly alter PGE2 release and DEX increased output, whereas at day 138 LPS was stimulatory but DEX was inhibitory. These data show that a high-LA diet can significantly increase the ability of both endometrium and placental tissues to produce PGs in vitro. This effect of diet may only become apparent after a sustained period of PG release, so was not seen following the brief pulse caused by OT treatment in vivo. As COX protein levels were unaltered, the main influence was likely to be via conversion of LA to arachidonic acid, providing an increased supply of precursor. These results support previous studies which suggest that alterations in dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids may influence the time of labour.

Decreases in ovine fetal cartilage sulfate uptake and serum sulfate during gestation

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (1) ◽  
pp. E115-E120
Author(s):  
F. H. Morriss ◽  
R. N. Marshall ◽  
S. S. Crandell ◽  
B. J. Fitzgerald ◽  
L. Riddle
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Costal Cartilage ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Sulfate Uptake ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Ovine Fetal ◽  
Serum Sulfate

In vitro assays for [35S]sulfate uptake by ovine fetal costal cartilage were used to assess gestational changes in cartilage metabolism. Addition of 20% normal human serum to the incubation medium increased fetal cartilage [35S]sulfate incorporation into glycosaminoglycans. Both basal and human serum-stimulated uptakes of [35S]sulfate by fetal sheep cartilage decreased from midgestation to full term. The incremental response in [35S]sulfate uptake that was stimulated by human serum decreased as gestation proceeded to full-term. Fetal serum sulfate concentration decreased logarithmically during gestation, raising the possibility that cartilage sulfate uptake might become substrate limited as full term is approached. Perfusion of seven late gestation sheep fetuses for 7 days with Na2SO4 to achieve serum sulfate concentrations similar to those observed earlier in gestation resulted in a 33% increase in mean cartilage [35S]sulfate uptake compared with that of control twin fetuses, but uptake was not increased to values that occurred spontaneously earlier in gestation. These results suggest that the decreasing rate of [35S]sulfate uptake by fetal cartilage during the last half of gestation is associated only minimally with decreasing serum sulfate levels and is most consistent with intrinsic change in resting chondrocyte metabolism during gestation.

N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Modulate In-Vitro T Cell Function in Type I Diabetic Patients

Lipids ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 485-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sid Ahmed Merzouk ◽  
Meriem Saker ◽  
Karima Briksi Reguig ◽  
Nassima Soulimane ◽  
Hafida Merzouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
T Cell Function

scholarly journals n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids provoke a specific transcriptional profile in rabbit adipose‐derived stem cells in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 925-934
Author(s):  
Eкaterina Vackova ◽  
Darko Bosnakovski ◽  
Bodil Bjørndal ◽  
Penka Yonkova ◽  
Natalia Grigorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Transcriptional Profile ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells

scholarly journals Quantification of Volatile Aldehydes Deriving from In Vitro Lipid Peroxidation in the Breath of Ventilated Patients

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3089
Author(s):  
Lukas M. Müller-Wirtz ◽  
Daniel Kiefer ◽  
Sven Ruffing ◽  
Timo Brausch ◽  
Tobias Hüppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Breathing Circuit ◽  
Aliphatic Aldehydes ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Plastic Parts ◽  
Ventilated Patients

Exhaled aliphatic aldehydes were proposed as non-invasive biomarkers to detect increased lipid peroxidation in various diseases. As a prelude to clinical application of the multicapillary column–ion mobility spectrometry for the evaluation of aldehyde exhalation, we, therefore: (1) identified the most abundant volatile aliphatic aldehydes originating from in vitro oxidation of various polyunsaturated fatty acids; (2) evaluated emittance of aldehydes from plastic parts of the breathing circuit; (3) conducted a pilot study for in vivo quantification of exhaled aldehydes in mechanically ventilated patients. Pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, and nonanal were quantifiable in the headspace of oxidizing polyunsaturated fatty acids, with pentanal and hexanal predominating. Plastic parts of the breathing circuit emitted hexanal, octanal, nonanal, and decanal, whereby nonanal and decanal were ubiquitous and pentanal or heptanal not being detected. Only pentanal was quantifiable in breath of mechanically ventilated surgical patients with a mean exhaled concentration of 13 ± 5 ppb. An explorative analysis suggested that pentanal exhalation is associated with mechanical power—a measure for the invasiveness of mechanical ventilation. In conclusion, exhaled pentanal is a promising non-invasive biomarker for lipid peroxidation inducing pathologies, and should be evaluated in future clinical studies, particularly for detection of lung injury.

scholarly journals Alteration of prostaglandin production and agonist responsiveness by n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in endometrial cells from late-gestation ewes

2004 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Cheng ◽  
M Elmes ◽  
SE Kirkup ◽  
DR Abayasekara ◽  
DC Wathes
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Test Medium ◽  
Gamma Linolenic Acid ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Term Labour

We investigated the effect of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on prostaglandin (PG) production by the uterus. A mixed population of endometrial cells (epthelium and stroma) from late-gestation ewes were cultured in defined medium containing linoleic acid (LA, 18:2, n-6), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA, 18:3, n-6) or arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4, n-6) in concentrations of 0 (control), 20 or 100 microM. After 45 h in test medium with or without added PUFAs, cells were challenged with control medium (CM), oxytocin (OT, 250 nM), lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.1 micro g/ml) or dexamethasone (DEX, 5 microM) for 22 h in the continued presence of the same concentration of PUFA and the medium was collected for measurement of PGF(2alpha) and PGE(2). Supplementation with LA inhibited the production of PGF(2alpha) but did not alter PGE(2), whereas GLA and AA increased production of both PGs. All PUFA supplements thus increased the ratio of PGE(2) to PGF(2alpha) (E:F ratio) two- to threefold. In control cells, OT and LPS challenges stimulated the production of PGF(2alpha) and PGE(2). In all challenge groups, the concentrations of PGF(2alpha) in response to PUFAs followed the same pattern - LA<control<;GLA<AA - but there were significant alterations in responsiveness as a result of PUFA treatment. In the cells supplemented with 100 microM AA, there was no further increase in PGF(2alpha) output in the presence of OT or LPS and when 100 microM GLA was present neither LPS nor OT stimulated PGE(2) significantly. When LPS was given to AA-supplemented cells, the E:F ratio was increased. DEX did not change PGE(2) production in control or LA-treated cells, but the cells produced significantly less PGF(2alpha), so the E:F ratio was increased. In contrast, in GLA- and AA-treated cells, DEX reduced the production of both PGF(2alpha) and PGE(2), so the E:F ratio was unaltered. In summary, the study showed altered production of PGs in the presence of different PUFAs according to their position in the n-6 metabolic pathway. The type of PUFA present affected responsiveness to OT, LPS and DEX and also changed the ratio of PGE(2) to PGF(2alpha) produced. The possible implications of this work are discussed in relation to the effect of diet on term and pre-term labour, which both require upregulation of the endometrial PG synthetic pathway.

scholarly journals Host/Malassezia Interaction: A Quantitative, Non-Invasive Method Profiling Oxylipin Production Associates Human Skin Eicosanoids with Malassezia

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
Yohannes Abere Ambaw ◽  
Martin P. Pagac ◽  
Antony S. Irudayaswamy ◽  
Manfred Raida ◽  
Anne K. Bendt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Lipid Mediators ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
Plant Host

Malassezia are common components of human skin, and as the dominant human skin eukaryotic microbe, they take part in complex microbe–host interactions. Other phylogenetically related fungi (including within Ustilagomycotina) communicate with their plant host through bioactive oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids, generally known as oxylipins, by regulating the plant immune system to increase their virulence. Oxylipins are similar in structure and function to human eicosanoids, which modulate the human immune system. This study reports the development of a highly sensitive mass-spectrometry-based method to capture and quantify bioactive oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids from the human skin surface and in vitro Malassezia cultures. It confirms that Malassezia are capable of synthesizing eicosanoid-like lipid mediators in vitro in a species dependent manner, many of which are found on human skin. This method enables sensitive identification and quantification of bioactive lipid mediators from human skin that may be derived from metabolic pathways shared between skin and its microbial residents. This enables better cross-disciplinary and detailed studies to dissect the interaction between Malassezia and human skin, and to identify potential intervention points to promote or abrogate inflammation and to improve human skin health.

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