Volume flux and fresh water transport associated with the East Icelandic Current

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steingrímur Jónsson
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Volume Flux

scholarly journals Combined satellite- and ULS-derived sea-ice flux in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Drinkwater ◽  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Sabine Harms
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Volume Flux ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
Flux Gate

AbstractSeveral years of daily microwave satellite ice drift are combined with moored upward-looking sonar (ULS) ice drafts into an ice-volume flux record at points along a flux gate across the Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Monthly ice transport varies at the mooring locations from a maximum export of 0.4 m3 s−1 near joinville Island to −0.4 m3 s−1 imported along the Fimbul and Riiser-Larsen ice-shelf margins. Winter peaks are observed at each end of the flux gate, where high concentrations of deformed ice are advected in and out of the basin along the coastline. The central gyre, in contrast, exhibits negligible seasonality and much smaller volume transports. During the period of overlapping ULS operation, the mean monthly integrated ice export west of the gyre center is 59 × 103 m3 s−1, and the import in the East Wind Drift is −17 x103 m3s-1. ULS data are compared with ERS satellite observation of radar backscatter to obtain an empirical relationship between ice thickness and the rate of change of backscatter with incidence angle. Resulting proxy ice-thickness data are combined with Special Sensor Microwave/Imager-derived ice velocities to obtain seasonally varying estimates of net ice-volume flux for the period 1992−98. Significant interannual variability is observed in ice-volume flux expressed as fresh-water transport. A maximum annual mean of 0.054 Sv is observed in 1992; with a minimum of 0.015 Sv in 1996. A 6 year mean transport of 0.032 Sv is observed. Maximum seasonal ice export occurs in July 1992, with a minimum in November 1996. The 10 year mean area flux is 30 × 103 m2s–1 Interannual variations in net volume flux closely follow variations in area flux, with summer minima in 1990/91 and 1996/97. Maximum area transport occurs in 1991, and although this predates the ERS-1 scatterometer data, ice-thickness estimates by Harms and others confirm 1991 as a decadal peak in net integrated fresh-water transport.

scholarly journals Janus Membrane with Novel Directional Water Transport Capacity for Efficient Atmospheric Water Capture

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wu ◽  
Baona Ren ◽  
Haohong Pi ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Miaomiao Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Atmospheric Water ◽  
Human Survival ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Energy Independence

Fresh water scarcity becomes a crisis to human survival and development. Atmospheric water capture with remarkable advantages such as energy-independence, low-cost, etc., has been supposed as a promising way to...

Fresh Water Transport Determination from the Heat Budget with Applications to British Columbia Inlets

1957 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Pickard ◽  
R. W. Trites
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Good Agreement

Fresh water entering British Columbia inlets moves seaward, mixing with and entraining salt water from below. A new method, based on a heat budget analysis, is developed to determine the mean seaward movement of the brackish layer. The method is also applied to gain information on the mixing process and to determine the depth from which salt water is entrained into the surface layer.The values of mean transport calculated in this way are found to be in good agreement with those derived from other methods. The method offers some distinct advantages over direct methods for determining fresh water inflow and circulation, since results can be obtained quickly, with little effort, and without the necessity for anchoring a ship.

Coupled water transport by rat proximal tubule

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (6) ◽  
pp. F1046-F1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Green ◽  
G. Giebisch ◽  
R. Unwin ◽  
A. M. Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamic ◽  
Osmotic Gradient ◽  
Volume Flux ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Capillary Perfusion ◽  
Water Reabsorption ◽  
Concentration Difference ◽  
Peritubular Capillaries

Simultaneous microperfusion of proximal tubules and peritubular capillaries in kidneys of rats anesthetized with Inactin was used to examine water reabsorption by this epithelium. Osmolality of the luminal solution was varied with changes in NaCl concentration and by the addition of raffinose. Capillary perfusates contained either low (2 g/dl) or high (16 g/dl) concentrations of albumin. We used low-bicarbonate perfusates for both lumen and capillary so that we might apply the nonequilibrium thermodynamic model of transport for a single solute (NaCl) to interpret our observations. Linear regression with the volume flux equation Jv = -Lp delta II - Lp sigma delta C + Jav (where Jv is volume flux, Lp is hydraulic conductance, delta II is oncotic force, sigma is osmotic reflection coefficient, delta C is salt concentration difference, and Jav is the component of Jv not attributed to transepithelial hydrostatic or osmotic forces) revealed a tubule water permeability (Pf = 0.11 +/- 0.01 cm/s) and a sigma (0.74 +/- 0.08) in agreement with previous determinations. These transport parameters were unaffected by changes in peritubular protein. We also found that Jav was substantial, approximately three-fourths of the rate of isotonic transport under these perfusion conditions. Further, this component of water transport nearly doubled with the transition from low- to high-protein peritubular capillary perfusion. When expressed as a capacity for water reabsorption against an osmotic gradient, the salt concentration differences required to null volume flux were 13.2 +/- 2.4 and 29.4 +/- 4.0 mosmol/kgH2O under low and high peritubular protein. Our data suggest that this protein effect is, most likely, an increase in solute transport by the tubule epithelial cells.

scholarly journals Simulation of water, movements, mixing and spreading of pollutants in the harbour of Oskarshamn

2019 ◽  
pp. 375-377
Author(s):  
Jonny Svensson ◽  
Cecilia Ambjörn ◽  
Ola Nordblom
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Open Sea

The sediment of a bay or harbour can be severely polluted by earlier human activities. The transport or leakage of polluted matter from the enclosed water body to the open sea is very much dependent on the water transport through the mouth of the bay. SMHI has studied the currents in the harbour of Oskarshamn as a part of an extensive project concerning pollution leakage from the harbour to the open Baltic. The study includes computation of wind driven and fresh water driven currents in a 3-dimensional numerical model.

Fresh-water transport by sea

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 313-318
Author(s):  
Richard M. Dunlap
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Transport

Aplikasi metode tahanan jenis dalam studi geologi karst Gua Seropan di Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
Pulung A. Pranantya ◽  
Nurlia Sadikin
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Underground River ◽  
Initial Exploration

In terms of geology, most areas in south of the Gunungkidul District in Central Java consist of the Wonosari formation limestone. The land is generally very dry and source of raw water is also difficult to reach. Findings on the existence of underground river in caves, however, indicate the potential amount of water within the area, especially in the eastern part of the Gunungkidul District. Although limited information available, some fishermen have discovered that Seropan cave contains fresh water source. This cave is situated at 65 m below the cliff. Initial exploration, which done using a multichannel resistivity method, confirmed the availability of freshwater in the cave and underground river. The isopach of cave depth is found in ranges of 80 200 m below the ground surface. The water of Seropan cave can be utilized by implementing pipeline or by drilling at the suggested point based on the interpretation results, i.e. 110o2223.6388 EL 8o42.874 SL. [DY1][PP2][DY1]Perbaiki grammarIn terms of geology, most areas in south of Gunungkidul District in Central Java consist of the Wonosari formation limestone. The land is generally very dry and source of raw water is also difficult to reach. Findings on the exixtence of underground river in caves, however, indicate potential amount of water within the area especially in eastern part of Gunungkidul District. Although limited information available, some fishermans has discovered that Seropan cave contain fresh water source. This cave is situated at 65 m below the cliff. Initial exploration, which done using multichannel resistivity method, confirmed the availability of freshwater in the cave and underground river. The iso pach of cave depth is found in ranges of 80 200 m below the ground surface. The water of Seropan cave can be utilized by implementing pipeline or by drilling at the suggested point based on the interpretation results i.e. 110o2223.6388 EL 8o42.874 SL.[PP2]Sudah diperbaiki

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