Neural responses to emotional faces in women recovered from anorexia nervosa

2012 ◽  
Vol 201 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity A. Cowdrey ◽  
Catherine J. Harmer ◽  
Rebecca J. Park ◽  
Ciara McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Emotional Faces

scholarly journals Rapid neural representations of personally relevant faces

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mareike Bayer ◽  
Oksana Berhe ◽  
Isabel Dziobek ◽  
Tom Johnstone
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Neural Circuitry ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Personal Relevance ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Neural Representations ◽  
Processing Network

AbstractThe faces of those most personally relevant to us are our primary source of social information, making their timely perception a priority. Recent research indicates that gender, age and identity of faces can be decoded from EEG/MEG data within 100ms. Yet the time course and neural circuitry involved in representing the personal relevance of faces remain unknown. We applied simultaneous EEG-fMRI to examine neural responses to emotional faces of female participants’ romantic partners, friends, and a stranger. Combining EEG and fMRI in cross-modal representational similarity analyses, we provide evidence that representations of personal relevance start prior to structural encoding at 100ms in visual cortex, but also in prefrontal and midline regions involved in value representation, and monitoring and recall of self-relevant information. Representations related to romantic love emerged after 300ms. Our results add to an emerging body of research that suggests that models of face perception need to be updated to account for rapid detection of personal relevance in cortical circuitry beyond the core face processing network.

scholarly journals Increased anticipatory but decreased consummatory brain responses to food in sisters of anorexia nervosa patients

BJPsych Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Horndasch ◽  
Sophie O'Keefe ◽  
Anneka Lamond ◽  
Katie Brown ◽  
Ciara McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Family History ◽  
Neural Response ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Brain Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Increased Activity

BackgroundWe have previously shown increased anticipatory and consummatory neural responses to rewarding and aversive food stimuli in women recovered from anorexia nervosa (AN).AimsTo determine whether these differences are trait markers for AN, we examined the neural response in those with a familial history but no personal history of AN.MethodThirty-six volunteers were recruited: 15 who had a sister with anorexia nervosa (family history) and 21 control participants. Using fMRI we examined the neural response during an anticipatory phase (food cues, rewarding and aversive), an effort phase and a consummatory phase (rewarding and aversive tastes).ResultsFamily history (FH) volunteers showed increased activity in the caudate during the anticipation of both reward and aversive food and in the thalamus and amygdala during anticipation of aversive only. FH had decreased activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, the pallidum and the superior frontal gyrus during taste consumption.ConclusionsIncreased neural anticipatory but decreased consummatory responses to food might be a biomarker for AN. Interventions that could normalise these differences may help to prevent disorder onset.

scholarly journals Differences in neural responses to reward and punishment processing between anorexia nervosa subtypes: An fMRI study

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 647-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ema Murao ◽  
Genichi Sugihara ◽  
Masanori Isobe ◽  
Tomomi Noda ◽  
Michiko Kawabata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Reward And Punishment

scholarly journals Callous-unemotional traits and neural responses to emotional faces in a community sample of young adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 312-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edina Szabó ◽  
Natália Kocsel ◽  
Andrea Édes ◽  
Dorottya Pap ◽  
Attila Galambos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Unemotional Traits

scholarly journals Neural Response to High and Low Energy Food Images in Anorexia Nervosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Nasim Foroughi ◽  
◽  
Brooke Donnelly ◽  
Mark Williams ◽  
Sloane Madden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Frontal Lobes ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Food Images

To compare neural responses to high and low-energy food images in patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and an age-matched Healthy Control (HC) group. 25 adolescents with AN and 21 HCs completed a diagnostic interview, self-report questionnaires and fMRI, during which they viewed food images evoking responses of disgust, happiness, or fear. Following whole brain analyses, neural responses in six regions of interest were examined in a series of between-group contrasts, across the three emotive categories. Compared to the HCs, people in the AN group showed increased responsivity to high-energy (1) disgust images in temporal lobe, frontal lobe, insula, and cerebellum anterior lobe; (2) fear images in occipital lobe, temporal, and frontal lobes and (3) happy images in frontal lobe, cerebellum anterior lobe, sub-lobar, and cuneus. More activity was observed in response to low-energy (1) disgust food images in the temporal lobe, frontal lobe, insula, cerebellum anterior and posterior lobes, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and limbic lobe; (2) and happy food images in frontal lobes. Few correlations were found with levels of eating disorder symptoms. The findings highlight the emotional impact of diverse high and low-energy foods for people with AN. People without AN may have a better capacity to filter salient from non-salient information relating to the current task when viewing high energy foods. In summary, for those with AN, it would seem their ability to efficiently ‘sort-out’ information (especially information pertaining to disorder-relevant stimuli such as food images) to complete the task at hand, may be diminished.

Interaction between a history of depression and rumination on neural response to emotional faces

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1845-1855 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Thomas ◽  
R. Elliott ◽  
S. McKie ◽  
D. Arnone ◽  
D. Downey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
History Of ◽  
Consistent Picture ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
History Of Depression

BackgroundBoth past depressive episodes and the personality trait of depressive rumination are strong risk factors for future depression. Depression is associated with abnormal emotional processing, which may be a neurobiological marker for vulnerability to depression. A consistent picture has yet to emerge as to how a history of depression and the tendency to ruminate influence emotional processing. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between rumination, past depression and neural responses when processing face emotions.MethodThe Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS) was completed by 30 remitted depressives and 37 controls who underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning while viewing happy, sad, fearful and neutral faces.ResultsThe remitted depressives showed overall reductions in neural responses to negative emotions relative to the controls. However, in the remitted depressives, but not the controls, RRS scores were correlated with increased neural responses to negative emotions and decreased responses to happiness in limbic regions.ConclusionsAutomatic emotion processing biases and rumination seem to be correlated to aspects of vulnerability to depression. However, remission from depression may be maintained by a general suppression of limbic responsiveness to negative emotion.

Human Sex Differences in Emotion Prediction: Evidence from Event-Related Potentials

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 925-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangming Ran
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Perceptual Bias ◽  
Human Sex Differences ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Recognition Efficiency

Women and men process emotion stimuli in different ways. Few of the previous researchers who have examined how emotion recognition differs between the sexes, looked at sex differences in emotion prediction. Thus, I investigated women's and men's perceptions of emotional faces in predictable and unpredictable conditions. Results showed that behaviorally, women's response accuracy was higher than men's. In contrast, neurally, men had greater P1 amplitudes for happy faces compared with angry faces in right hemisphere electrodes, suggesting that men have a perceptual bias toward happy faces. Further, women exhibited larger N170 amplitudes for predictable versus unpredictable angry faces in right hemisphere electrodes. This may reflect enhanced sensitivity to detecting anger. Finally, there was a significant positive correlation between behavioral and N170 predictability effects. This result may indicate that emotion prediction enhances neural responses while improving recognition efficiency at the behavioral level. In this respect, the electrophysiological results and behavioral data were consistent.

scholarly journals Cognitive Coping Style Modulates Neural Responses to Emotional Faces in Healthy Humans: A 3-T fMRI Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 2526-2535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Veronika Rauch ◽  
Patricia Ohrmann ◽  
Jochen Bauer ◽  
Harald Kugel ◽  
Almut Engelien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Style ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Cognitive Coping ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Neural Responses to Consciously and Unconsciously Perceived Emotional Faces: A Spinal fMRI Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssia Wilson ◽  
Tiffany Kolesar ◽  
Jennifer Kornelsen ◽  
Stephen Smith
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Emotional Modulation ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Fearful Faces ◽  
Spinal Fmri

Emotional stimuli modulate activity in brain areas related to attention, perception, and movement. Similar increases in neural activity have been detected in the spinal cord, suggesting that this understudied component of the central nervous system is an important part of our emotional responses. To date, previous studies of emotion-dependent spinal cord activity have utilized long presentations of complex emotional scenes. The current study differs from this research by (1) examining whether emotional faces will lead to enhanced spinal cord activity and (2) testing whether these stimuli require conscious perception to influence neural responses. Fifteen healthy undergraduate participants completed six spinal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) runs in which three one-minute blocks of fearful, angry, or neutral faces were interleaved with 40-s rest periods. In half of the runs, the faces were clearly visible while in the other half, the faces were displayed for only 17 ms. Spinal fMRI consisted of half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo (HASTE) sequences targeting the cervical spinal cord. The results indicated that consciously perceived faces expressing anger elicited significantly more activity than fearful or neutral faces in ventral (motoric) regions of the cervical spinal cord. When stimuli were presented below the threshold of conscious awareness, neutral faces elicited significantly more activity than angry or fearful faces. Together, these data suggest that the emotional modulation of spinal cord activity is most impactful when the stimuli are consciously perceived and imply a potential threat toward the observer.

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