East Asia summer and winter monsoon evolution during the past 50 ka inferred from size-specific flux of mineral particles of the Lake Biwa sediment

2012 ◽  
Vol 279-280 ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Shigenobu Nagasawa
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Lake Biwa ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mineral Particles

Eolian Quartz Flux to Lake Biwa, Central Japan, over the Past 145,000 Years

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jule Xiao ◽  
Yoshio Inouchi ◽  
Hisao Kumai ◽  
Shusaku Yoshikawa ◽  
Yoichi Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Biwa ◽  
East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
Chinese Loess ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
The Past ◽  
Source Regions ◽  
Quartz Flux

Eolian quartz flux (EQF, g cm−2(103 yr)−1) to Lake Biwa, central Japan, provides direct information on variations of the East Asian winter monsoon. Lake Biwa sediments spanning the past ca. 145,000 yr are characterized by two main periods when EQF values were significantly greater than 5.50 g cm−2(103 yr)−1, and two main intervals during which EQF values were lower. Two periods with EQF values >5.50 g cm−2(103 yr)−1occurred from ca. 145,000 to 125,000 and 73,000 to 13,000 yr B.P., while times of lower EQF values occurred from ca. 125,000 to 73,000 yr B.P. and around ca. 5500 yr B.P. Between ca. 125,000 and 73,000 yr B.P., three minimum EQF values and two intervening peaks of slightly higher EQF values are recorded. EQF increased markedly from ca. 73,000 to 13,000 yr B.P., whereas between ca. 53,000 and 20,000 yr B.P. the values recorded were relatively lower than those recorded during either the preceding or the subsequent episodes. The data imply that the East Asian winter monsoon strengthened during the periods when EQF values were high, and weakened during the intervals with low EQF values. The EQF record of Lake Biwa can be correlated with the grain-size record of the quartz fraction in Chinese loess and with the SPECMAP marine δ18O record. However, the EQF record apparently lags ca. 5000 yr behind the loess and δ18O records during stage 6/5 and 2/1 transitions and ca. 10,000 yr during stage 5/4 transition. These apparent lags could be due to problems with the chronology; alternatively, they may imply that the eolian quartz flux depended more on the extent of dust source regions than on wind intensity during these transitions.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex J. Bellamy
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
East Asia ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The Cold War

Until recently, East Asia was a boiling pot of massacre and blood-letting. Yet, almost unnoticed by the wider world, it has achieved relative peace over the past three decades.1 At the height of the Cold War, East Asia accounted for around 80 percent of the world’s mass atrocities. By the second decade of the twenty-first century, it accounted for less than 5 percent....

East Asian winter monsoon variation during the last 3000 years as recorded in a subtropical mountain lake, northeastern Taiwan

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110190
Author(s):  
Tsai-Wen Lin ◽  
Stefanie Kaboth-Bahr ◽  
Kweku Afrifa Yamoah ◽  
André Bahr ◽  
George Burr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
Mountain Lake ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Global Monsoon ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
The Past ◽  
Monsoon System

The East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM) is a fundamental part of the global monsoon system that affects nearly one-quarter of the world’s population. Robust paleoclimate reconstructions in East Asia are complicated by multiple sources of precipitation. These sources, such as the EAWM and typhoons, need to be disentangled in order to understand the dominant source of precipitation influencing the past and current climate. Taiwan, situated within the subtropical East Asian monsoon system, provides a unique opportunity to study monsoon and typhoon variability through time. Here we combine sediment trap data with down-core records from Cueifong Lake in northeastern Taiwan to reconstruct monsoonal rainfall fluctuations over the past 3000 years. The monthly collected grain-size data indicate that a decrease in sediment grain size reflects the strength of the EAWM. End member modelling analysis (EMMA) on sediment core and trap data reveals two dominant grain-size end-members (EMs), with the coarse EM 2 representing a robust indicator of EAWM strength. The downcore variations of EM 2 show a gradual decrease over the past 3000 years indicating a gradual strengthening of the EAWM, in agreement with other published EAWM records. This enhanced late-Holocene EAWM can be linked to the expansion of sea-ice cover in the western Arctic Ocean caused by decreased summer insolation.

scholarly journals INTRODUCTION: HISTORY FROM BETWEEN AND THE GLOBAL CIRCULATIONS OF THE PAST IN ASIA AND EUROPE, 1600–1950

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
LEIGH K. JENCO ◽  
JONATHAN CHAPPELL
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Subjective Feeling ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Introduction History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

Abstract This article argues for a ‘history from between’ as the best lens through which to understand the construction of historical knowledge between East Asia and Europe. ‘Between’ refers to the space framed by East Asia and Europe, but also to the global circulations of ideas in that space, and to the subjective feeling of embeddedness in larger-than-local contexts that being in such a space makes possible. Our contention is that the outcomes of such entanglements are not merely reactive forms of knowledge, of the kind implied by older studies of translation and reception in global intellectual history. Instead they are themselves ‘co-productions’: they are the shared and mutually interactive inputs to enduring modes of uses of the past, across both East Asian and European traditions. Taking seriously the possibility that interpretations of the past were not transferred, but rather were co-produced between East Asia and Europe, we reconstruct the braided histories of historical narratives that continue to shape constructions of identity throughout Eurasia.

Pioneers of Japanese Participation in IUPAC

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Kikuchi
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Asian Nation

Abstract East Asia occupies a substantial position in IUPAC today. The incumbent president for 2018-2019, Qi-Feng Zhou, is from China/Beijing, and three out of ten elected members of the Bureau are from East Asia: Mei-Hung Chiu from China/Taipei, Kew-Ho Lee from Korea, and Ken Sakai from Japan. This region is thus well-represented in the IUPAC leadership. However, this is not how this now global institution looked in the past. Its first president from East Asia was Saburo Nagakura (b. 1920) from Japan who assumed this office from 1981-1982, more than 60 years after the IUPAC was established in 1919. He was followed by Jung-Il Jing from Korea (2008-2009), Kazuyuki Tatsumi (2012-2013) from Japan, and Zhou. In terms of national adhering organizations (NAOs), Japan was the first East Asian nation admitted to IUPAC in 1921, but we had to wait until the late 1970s for all other national chemical communities in East Asia to be officially admitted to the IUPAC: The Chemical Society Located in Taipei in 1959, the Korean Chemical Society in 1963, and the Chinese Chemical Society in 1979. East Asia’s position in the IUPAC is the outcome of a rather long historical process.

Think Tanks in East Asia in Need of More Cooperation and More Networking: NEAT after its Ten Years

2012 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
John WONG
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Process Research ◽  
Think Tanks ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Important Progress

NEAT is a loosely constituted regional scheme under the ASEAN plus Three (APT) framework. Its main objectives are to promote exchange among APT scholars and research institutes in the region, and to promote relevant research that can facilitate the APT regional cooperation process. Research is done through organising Working Groups. NEAT has made important progress in the past 10 years. To grow and expand in future, it will have to improve on its networking function and strengthen its Working Group mechanism.

IS JAPAN BACK? MEASURING NATIONALISM AND MILITARY ASSERTIVENESS IN ASIA'S OTHER GREAT POWER

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Jennifer Lind ◽  
Chikako Kawakatsu Ueki
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
The Past ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Observers of East Asia frequently claim that Japanese nationalism is on the rise, and that Tokyo is abandoning its longtime military restraint. To determine whether these trends are indeed occurring, we define and measure Japan's nationalism and military assertiveness; we measure whether they are rising relative to Japan in the past, and relative to seven other countries. Drawing from social identity theory, we distinguish between “nationalism” and a more benign “patriotism.” We find in Japan (1) strong patriotism that is stable over time, and no evidence of rising nationalism. Furthermore we find that (2) military assertiveness remains generally low, but it has risen in terms of decreased institutional constraints and peacekeeping activities. Our findings have important implications for academic debates about nationalism and Japanese security policy, and for policy debates about a nascent balancing effort against China.

Rethinking Hierarchies in East Asian Historical IR

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph MacKay
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
East Asia ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dimensions Of Variation ◽  
Over Time

Abstract International relations (IR) has seen a proliferation of recent research on both international hierarchies as such and on historical IR in (often hierarchical) East Asia. This article takes stock of insights from East Asian hierarchies for the study of international hierarchy as such. I argue for and defend an explanatory approach emphasizing repertoires or toolkits of hierarchical super- and subordination. Historical hierarchies surrounding China took multiple dynastic forms. I emphasize two dimensions of variation. First, hierarchy-building occurs in dialogue between cores and peripheries. Variation in these relationships proliferated multiple arrangements for hierarchical influence and rule. Second, Sinocentric hierarchies varied widely over time, in ways that suggest learning. Successive Chinese dynasties both emulated the successes and avoided the pitfalls of the past, adapting their ideologies and strategies for rule to varying circumstances by recombining past political repertoires to build new ones. Taken together, these phenomena suggest new lines of inquiry for research on hierarchies in IR.

Abrupt shift to hotter and drier climate over inner East Asia beyond the tipping point

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 370 (6520) ◽  
pp. 1095-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Jee-Hoon Jeong ◽  
Jin-Ho Yoon ◽  
Hyungjun Kim ◽  
S.-Y. Simon Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Tipping Point ◽  
Soil Drying ◽  
Soil Moisture Deficit ◽  
Surface Warming ◽  
The Past ◽  
Abrupt Shift ◽  
Moisture Deficit ◽  
East Asian Climate

Unprecedented heatwave-drought concurrences in the past two decades have been reported over inner East Asia. Tree-ring–based reconstructions of heatwaves and soil moisture for the past 260 years reveal an abrupt shift to hotter and drier climate over this region. Enhanced land-atmosphere coupling, associated with persistent soil moisture deficit, appears to intensify surface warming and anticyclonic circulation anomalies, fueling heatwaves that exacerbate soil drying. Our analysis demonstrates that the magnitude of the warm and dry anomalies compounding in the recent two decades is unprecedented over the quarter of a millennium, and this trend clearly exceeds the natural variability range. The “hockey stick”–like change warns that the warming and drying concurrence is potentially irreversible beyond a tipping point in the East Asian climate system.

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