scholarly journals New results of radiocarbon dating and identification of plant and animal remains from the Oglakhty cemetery provide an insight into the life of the population of southern Siberia in the early 1st millennium CE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel E. Tarasov ◽  
Svetlana V. Pankova ◽  
Tengwen Long ◽  
Christian Leipe ◽  
Kamilla B. Kalinina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
Insight Into

SUITABILITY OF ACID-SOLUBLE AND ACID-INSOLUBLE LEATHER FRACTIONS IN RADIOCARBON DATING

Radiocarbon ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Alyssa M Tate ◽  
Brittany Hundman ◽  
Jonathan Heile
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Insoluble Fraction ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
The Past ◽  
Acid Soluble Collagen ◽  
Method Of Production ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACT Leather has been produced by a variety of methods throughout human history, providing researchers unique insight into multiple facets of social and economic life in the past. Archaeologically recovered leather is often fragile and poorly preserved, leading to the use of various conservation and restoration efforts that may include the application of fats, oils, or waxes. Such additives introduce exogenous carbon to the leather, contaminating the specimen. These contaminants, in addition to those accumulated during interment, must be removed through chemical pretreatment prior to radiocarbon (14C) dating to ensure accurate dating. DirectAMS utilizes organic solvents, acid-base-acid (ABA) and gelatinization for all leather samples. Collagen yield from leather samples is variable due to the method of production and the quality of preservation. However, evaluating the acid-soluble collagen fraction, when available, provides the most accurate 14C dates for leather samples. In instances where gelatinization does not yield sufficient material, the resulting acid-insoluble fraction may be dated. Here we examine the effectiveness of the combined organic solvent and ABA pretreatment with gelatinization for leather samples, as well as the suitability of the acid-insoluble fraction for 14C dating.

scholarly journals IN-GROUND CEMETERY OF THE SCYTHIAN PERIOD NEAR THE VILLAGE OF KSIZOVO IN THE UPPER DON REGION (NEW DATA)

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-147
Author(s):  
Ю. Д. Разуваев
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Sedentary Population ◽  
Spindle Whorls ◽  
Don River ◽  
Steppe Belt ◽  
Scythian Period ◽  
The Village ◽  
Insight Into

Комплекс памятников конца V - III в. до н. э., расположенный на р. Дон у с. Ксизово в Задонском районе Липецкой обл., включает городище, селище и грунтовый могильник. В результате радиоуглеродного датирования и анализа вещевых находок к названным столетиям отнесено пять захоронений, ранее соотносимых с гуннским временем. В итоге стало известно 17 погребений скифской эпохи, включая два парных. В них по обряду ингумации и в сопровождении довольно скудного инвентаря (стрелы, браслеты, серьги, бусы, пряслица) были захоронены 9 мужчин, 9 женщин и ребенок. Данные бескурганные комплексы дают представление о погребальных традициях оседлого населения донской лесостепи. The studied group of sites dating to the end of 5 - 3 cc. BC is located on the Don river near the village of Ksizovo in the Zadonsk district, Lipetsk region. The group includes a fortified settlement, an unfortified settlement and an in-ground cemetery. The radiocarbon dating and analysis of the found artifacts refer the five graves earlier dated to the Hun period to the above-mentioned centuries. Today the number of the Scythian graves totals 17, including two double burials. Nine males, nine females and one child were buried in these graves performed according to the inhumation funerary rite with rather scarce funeral offerings (arrowheads, bracelets, pendants, beads, spindle whorls). These burial sites without kurgans give an insight into funerary traditions of the sedentary population inhabiting the Don forest-steppe belt.

scholarly journals Wild Resources in the Economy of Bronze and Early Iron Ages Between Oder and Bug Rivers – Source Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-210
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Ślusarska
Keyword(s):  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Funeral Rite ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Wild Resources ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract The archaeological discussion still appears to largely disregard the role of natural resources in the early agricultural economy of Central Europe. Cereal cultivation and animal husbandry strategies remain a central area of studies. Wild resources are the only proxy data helping to reconstruct the strategies mentioned above. The data for the assessment of the wild resource role in consumption strategies are scarce. Plant and animal remains preserved within the archaeological sites represent one of the very few sources of information. The dominant funeral rite – cremation – leaves no opportunity for insight into the human bones’ diet composition signatures. This study’s primary goal is to gather in one place all information concerning wild resource food use based on archaeological data, which is scattered through various publications. The study’s time scope corresponds to Lusatian, post-Lusatian (Pomeranian Face Urn Culture), and contemporary cultures (Western Baltic Kurgans Culture). It covers roughly the time span 1400–400 BC, which is the late Bronze and early Iron Ages. Only data from a homogenous settlement context was included within the presented review. Although the reviewed literature methodology does not always meet the modern standard, it still offers insight into broader plant and animal food use in the past. The animal bone analysis is usually based on hand-collected bone material or sifted soil samples. Malacological materials come from sampled features. Some clam mussels were also identified among the bone materials submitted for zooarchaeological analysis. All plant materials come from sampled features undergoing soil analysis.

scholarly journals Dendrochronology and Radiocarbon Dating Methods in Archaeological Studies of Scythian Sites

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2A) ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
V A Dergachev ◽  
S S Vasiliev ◽  
A A Sementsov ◽  
G I Zaitseva ◽  
K A Chugunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Density ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Spectral Estimation ◽  
Altai Mountains ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Dating Methods ◽  
Cross Spectral Density ◽  
Western Sayan ◽  
Cross Dating

We propose a new method of cross-dating the wood samples based on the classical methods of spectral estimation. This method uses the average cross-spectral density as a function of the relative position of the series. Because it is not sensitive to phase shifts in data it is appropriate for cross-dating samples originating from geographically distinct areas.The accuracy of cross dating depends on the integrity of the samples used, and in the case of well-preserved wood samples, the precision of relative age comparison may reach a single year. The method was tested on two dendrochronological series from Scythian barrows of known age in Southern Siberia: the Pazyryk barrows (the Altai Mountains) and the Dogee-Baary-2 burials (Western Sayan Mountains) separated by 450 km. The analysis has shown that the Pazyryk barrow is younger by 80 ± 4 yr than the Dogee-Baary −2 burials. This result is in agreement with the new chronology of Scythian-related sites suggested for Southern Siberia and Central Asia.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dating of the Remains of Rare Pleistocene Megafauna Species in Southern Siberia

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
S.K. Vasiliev ◽  
◽  
E.V. Parkhomchuk ◽  
M.A. Serednyov ◽  
K.I. Milutin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Southern Siberia

scholarly journals Berries instead of bears: new insight into gastronomic attractiveness of Russian Siberia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Ermolaev ◽  
Dmitry A. Ruban ◽  
Natalia N. Yashalova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Ethnic Food ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Vast Territory

AbstractActive use of berries in regional cuisines underlines gastronomic specifics of Russia. The present study focuses on three regions of Russian Siberia and establishes that edible berries are numerous there and determine specifics of the regional cuisine rooted into the cultural traditions. These cultural and gastronomic traditions developed during four centuries by Russian settlers in Siberia who adapted to severe natural conditions, explored new food resources, and interacted with the local peoples. If so, berries and berry products can be regarded as a kind of ethnic food. Modern berries-based tourism (bacatourism) initiatives and, particularly, berry picking and tasting at you-pick farms and raspberry festival are registered on the study territory. Sellers tend to position berry products as typically Siberian, which permits their use as regional, quasi-ethnic souvenirs. Berries determine significant gastronomic attractiveness of Southern Siberia, and further exploitation of this potential can contribute to sustainable development of this vast territory and maintaining its cultural identity within the broad and diverse Russian space.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dating in the Vernadsky Institute I-IV

Radiocarbon ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 292-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Vinogradov ◽  
A. L. Devirts ◽  
E. I. Dobkina ◽  
N. G. Markova
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Natural Sample ◽  
Vernadsky Institute ◽  
Carbonate Carbon ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
Carbon Compounds ◽  
Absolute Age

Results of absolute age determination by the radiocarbon method, obtained in the Radiocarbon Laboratory of the Vernadsky Institute are given in this article. The counting of natural C14 activity was realized by measuring the gaseous carbon compounds—CO2 and C2H6—with the aid of a proportional counter. Investigation objects were wood, peat, coal, plant and animal remains and other organic material. All samples were preliminarily treated with hot 2% NaOH and 5% HCl to remove foreign humic acid and carbonate. Carbon dioxide, which was obtained after burning, was freed of electronegative admixtures by purification with the aid of CaO. Ethane was synthesized from the sample carbon through the following stages: natural sample→CO2→CaCO3→CaC2→C2H2→C2H6. The counting gas was let into the counter up to a pressure of 2 atm. Counters of stainless steel or copper of different volumes from 0.5 to 2 litres were used. The screening of the counters was effected by steel (24 cm thick) and mercury (2.5 cm thick) shields; the counter together with the mercury shield was enclosed in a circle of Geiger counters of the GS-60 type arranged in anti-coincidence. A detailed description of the methods, the constructions and the apparatus has been published (Vinogradov, Devirts, Dobkina, Markova, Martishchenko, 1961).

Dating Tom Ketchum: The Role of Chronometric Determinations in Rock Art Analysis

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary M. Farrell ◽  
Jeffery F. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Social Differences ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Art Analysis ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Game Animals

Rock art analysis has been used both to provide insight into prehistoric symbolism and ceremony, and to measure prehistoric interaction and communication. But chronological control, essential to distinguishing functional or social differences from temporal differences, has been difficult to establish. No one method of dating has yet proven completely reliable or applicable. Accelerator mass spectrometer radiocarbon dating, at the Tom Ketchum Cave pictograph site in southeastern Arizona, provides one of the first examples of direct independent dating of rock art. The dates suggest the pictographs may have been created during a time when subsistence patterns were shifting from Archaic hunter and gatherer traditions to more agriculture-based subsistence. The Tom Ketchum Cave artists broke from the abstract style more common in the region to represent game animals and hunters, perhaps to ensure success in a disappearing way of life.

Subsistence System, Paleoecology, and 14C Chronology at Kanmer, a Harappan Site in Gujarat, India

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Goyal ◽  
Anil K Pokharia ◽  
Jeewan Singh Kharakwal ◽  
Pramod Joglekar ◽  
Y S Rawat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Peripheral Zone ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Indus Civilization ◽  
Subsistence Economy ◽  
Subsistence Strategies ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
Wild Plant Gathering ◽  
Cultural Relics

This article presents the results of 4 excavation seasons in which botanical and animal remains were collected at the Harappan site of Kanmer in the Kachchh District of Gujarat, India. The findings revealed a subsistence economy consisting of food production with domesticated plants and animals, hunting, fishing, and wild plant gathering. Cultural relics and radiocarbon dating support our identification of different cultural periods at the site. This study provides new insights into the subsistence strategies during different phases of occupation and offers the potential for new subsistence models to be applied at nearby sites, particularly in this peripheral zone of the Indus civilization.

scholarly journals Образ оленя-солнца и этноним бурятского племени Хори

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 941-950
Author(s):  
Nadezhda B. Dashieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Ethnic History ◽  
Northern Shore ◽  
Linguistic Analyses ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Insight Into

Introduction. The article examines the ethnonym of the largest Buryat tribe — Khori. The absence of universally accepted etymology thereof in Buryat ethnography significantly complicates ethnogenetic studies dealing with earliest ethnic history. Goals. The work seeks to reveal linguistic, historical, and cultural etymology-related properties of the term ‘Khori’ in Buryat ethnonymic discourse. Materials and Methods. The article analyzes texts of Khori Buryat shamanic invocations, data from Mongolian written sources, and petroglyphs from the northern shore of Lake Baikal. The materials have been studied using the methods of historical comparative, historical contrastivecomparative, cultural semantic and linguistic analyses, reference data being similar facts from cultures of Turko-Mongols inhabiting Central Asia and Southern Siberia. Results. The image of the Mother Deer described in shamanic texts of Khori clans settled in the mouth of the Selenga River can be traced to the Scytho-Siberian canonical tradition of depicting animals on stone slabs that accompany burial mounds containing Caucasoid remains in the mountainous regions of Western and Northwestern Mongolia, similar to Pazyryk mounds of the Altai and Uyuk mounds of Northern Tuva. Historical, cultural and linguistic ethnic indicators allow for the possibility the ethnonym ‘Khori’ may derive from the word ‘khor’ used to denote the Sun and its symbol — Deer — among the Bronze and Early Iron Age nomadic Iranian-speaking tribes of Central Asia and Southern Siberia. A comparative insight into common traditions of worshipping the Swan — maternal totem bird of the Khori Buryats, Western Mongols, and Teleuts — makes it possible to determine ethnic and cultural ties between ethnic ancestors of the Khori and Turkic tribes with the Swan cult through the ethnic union referred to as ‘Toumat’ and geographically connected with the Sayan-Altai. The research shows that the origins of the ethnonym ‘Khori’ is closely related to the history and culture of Central Asian nomads — representatives of the stone grave culture characterized by the solar cult and that of the Mother Deer.

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