A comprehensive analysis of factors related to lung function in older adults: Cross-sectional findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 106157
Author(s):  
Jenna McHugh ◽  
MyLinh Duong ◽  
Jinhui Ma ◽  
Robert E. Dales ◽  
Carol W. Bassim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Pulmonary function changes in older adults with and without metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysa Alves Rodrigues Brandao-Rangel ◽  
Renilson Moraes-Ferreira ◽  
Manoel Carneiro Oliveira-Junior ◽  
Alana Santos-Dias ◽  
André Luis Lacerda Bachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Lung Mechanics ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
Breath Condensate

AbstractThe low-grade inflammation associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) triggers functional and structural alterations in several organs. Whereas lung function impairment is well reported for older adult population, the effect of MS on functional and immunological responses in the lungs remains unclear. In this cross-sectional study we determined whether MS alters pulmonary function, and immunological responses in older adults with MS. The study sample consisted of older adults with MS (68 ± 3 years old; n = 77) and without MS (67 ± 3 years old; n = 77). Impulse oscillometry was used to evaluate airway and tissue resistance, and reactance. Biomarkers of inflammation and fibrosis were assessed in the blood and in breath condensate. The total resistance of the respiratory system (R5Hz; p < 0.009), and the resistance of the proximal (R20Hz; p < 0.001) and distal (R5Hz–R20Hz; p < 0.004) airways were higher in MS individuals compared to those without MS. Pro-inflammatory (leptin, IL-1beta, IL-8, p < 0.001; TNF-alpha, p < 0.04) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (adiponectin, IL-1ra, IL-10, p < 0.001), anti-fibrotic (relaxin 1, relaxin 3, Klotho, p < 0.001) and pro-fibrotic (VEGF, p < 0.001) factors were increased in sera and in breath condensate individuals with MS. The results show that MS adversely affect lung mechanics, function, and immunological response in older adults. The data offer a metabolic basis for the inflammaging of the lungs and suggest the lungs as a potential therapeutic target for controlling the immune response and delaying the onset of impaired lung function in older adults with MS.

scholarly journals Association between cognitive declines and disability in activities of daily living in older adults with COPD: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e040098
Author(s):  
Bingyan Gong ◽  
Shaomei Shang ◽  
Chao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Visuospatial Ability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adl Disability

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between disability and domain-specific cognitive function in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).DesignCross-sectional analyses combined with retrospective longitudinal analyses.SettingWe included 450 communities in China.ParticipantsIn this study, 1022 (mean age: 68.6±6.3; 612 males) and 152 (mean age: 67.0±5.2; 83 males) older adults with COPD from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were included in a cross-sectional multivariate linear regression analysis and a longitudinal logistic regression analysis, respectively.Outcome measuresDisability was determined by the difficulty or inability to complete 1 of the 12 activity items in basic activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL. The cognitive dimensions of episodic memory, attention/numerical ability, orientation to time, and visuospatial ability were assessed via the immediate/delayed recall task, serial sevens task, naming the current date and pentagon-figure-drawing tasks, respectively.ResultsOf 1022 older respondents with COPD at wave-4, 48.5% had ADL disability. Declines in the global cognitive function (β (95% CI)=−0.627 (−1.214 to –0.040)), orientation to time (β (95% CI)=−0.207 (−0.364 to –0.050)) and visuospatial ability (β (95% CI)=−0.068 (−0.127 to –0.009)) were significantly associated with the presence of ADL disability, when demographic and health-related variables were adjusted. Of 152 older participants with COPD and without ADL disability in wave-2, 61 (40.1 %) developed disability over a 2-year follow-up. Relative to the participants without a decline in orientation to tine, those with the condition had greater odds of incidence of ADL disability increased by a factor of about 1.46 over a 2-year follow-up.ConclusionsIn older adults with COPD, orientation to time and visuospatial inability are vulnerable to the presence of a disability. Prevention of a decline in orientation to time might help prevent disability in older people with COPD.

scholarly journals Social contact and inequalities in depression and loneliness among older adults: A mediation analysis of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Green ◽  
Elise Whitley ◽  
Claire L Niedzwiedz ◽  
Richard J Shaw ◽  
S Vittal Katikireddi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
List Type ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Partner Status ◽  
English Longitudinal Study

AbstractBackgroundSocial contact, including remote contact (by telephone, email, letter or text), could help reduce social inequalities in depression and loneliness among older adults.DesignCross-sectional survey.Participants8th wave of the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (2016/17), stratified by age (n=1,635 aged <65; n=4,123 aged 65+).MethodsInverse probability weighted estimation of average effects of weekly in-person and remote social contact on depression (score of 3+ on 8-item CES-D scale) and two measures of loneliness (sometimes/often feels lonely vs hardly ever/never; and top quintile of UCLA loneliness scale vs all others). We also estimated controlled direct effects of education, partner status, and wealth on loneliness and depression under two scenarios: 1) universal infrequent (<weekly) in-person social contact; and 2) universal weekly remote social contact.ResultsWeekly in-person social contact was associated with reduced odds of depression and loneliness, but associations with remote social contact were weak. Lower education raised odds of depression and loneliness, but differences were attenuated with infrequent in-person contact. Respondents living alone experienced more depression and loneliness than those living with a partner, and less wealth was associated with more depression. With universal infrequent in-person contact, differences narrowed among those aged under 65 but widened among those aged 65+. Universal weekly remote contact had little impact on inequalities.ConclusionsReduced in-person social contact may increase depression and loneliness among older adults, especially for those aged 65+ who live alone. Reliance on remote social contact seems unlikely to compensate for social inequalities.KeypointsIn-person social contact is associated with stronger decreases in depression and loneliness than remote contact.Universal infrequent in-person social contact could reduce educational inequalities in depression and lonelinessAdults aged 65+ who lived alone or were less wealthy were especially at risk with universally infrequent in-person contactUniversal weekly remote social contact had little impact on inequalities in depression and loneliness.

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