scholarly journals Changes of plant biomass partitioning, tissue nutrients and carbohydrates status in magnesium-deficient banana seedlings and remedy potential by foliar application of magnesium

2020 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 109377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongsu He ◽  
Xin Jin ◽  
Haizhao Ma ◽  
Yan Deng ◽  
Jiaquan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Biomass Partitioning

scholarly journals Effect of Soil and Foliar Silicon Application on the Reduction of Zinc Toxicity in Wheat

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Zajaczkowska ◽  
Jolanta Korzeniowska ◽  
Urszula Sienkiewicz-Cholewa
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Zinc Toxicity ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Applied Dose ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Si Content

The aim of the study was to compare soil and foliar application of Si to relieve stress in wheat caused by excess Zn in the soil. Two pot experiments were carried out in which the soil was contaminated with zinc sulphate at the dose of 600 mg kg−1 Zn before sowing. Si was applied in the soil in the following doses 200 mg kg−1 and 400 mg kg−1 Si and as foliar spraying in concentrations 2 mM L−1 and 6 mM L−1 Si in the form of sodium silicate. The applied dose of Zn was toxic to wheat and caused a significant decrease in the biomass of shoots and roots. Soil application of Si reduced the negative effect of Zn on plants and significantly increased the biomass of the tested organs. The foliar application of Si did not reduce the decrease of plant biomass. Soil contamination with Zn caused a drastic increase in Zn concentration in shoots and roots, while Si applied in the soil significantly decreased this concentration. The increase in soil pH, which was caused by sodium silicate, also affected the decrease in Zn concentration in plants. The plants absorbed Si applied to the soil, which is indicated by an increase in the Si content in shoots compared to the control. In the case of foliar spraying, only a higher dose of Si increased its concentration in the plants. The application of Si in the soil, in contrast to foliar application, reduced the transfer of Zn from roots to shoots. The higher effectiveness of soil application of Si than foliar application in alleviating the toxicity of Zn was associated with both an increase in pH and a higher uptake of Si by plants.

scholarly journals Patterns of Plant Biomass Partitioning Depend on Nitrogen Source

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. e19211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Aguetoni Cambui ◽  
Henrik Svennerstam ◽  
Linda Gruffman ◽  
Annika Nordin ◽  
Ulrika Ganeteg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biomass Partitioning

scholarly journals Influence of Seaweed (Padina antrillarum) Extract Foliar Application on Growth and Flowering of Roses Variety ‘Local’

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-241
Author(s):  
M.A.M.N. Kularathne ◽  
S. Srikrishnah ◽  
S. Sutharsan
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Seaweed Extract ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Liquid Extract ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wide Range

The Seaweed (Padina antrillarum) abundantly found in the coastal region of Eastern Sri Lanka. Seaweed contains a wide range of nutrients and hormones for plant growth. An experiment was conducted at the Crop Farm, Eastern University, Sri Lanka to assess the effects of seaweed (Padina antrillarum) extract on the flowering of roses var. ‘Local’ from July to September 2020. Four treatments were used in this experiment viz. 10% (T1), 20% (T2), and 30% (T3) seaweed extracts with control treatment (T4). Treatments were applied at once-a-week interval. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with three replications. All other management practices were followed uniformly. Measurements were done at once a month. Collected data were analyzed. The higher performances in measured parameters (plant height, leaf area, plant biomass, number of flowers per plant) were observed in T2. It showed that once a week application of 20% seaweed liquid extract had the potential to increase growth and flower production in roses. It might be due to the presence of nutrients and the growth hormones in seaweed extract and optimum concentration of seaweed extract received by plants at T2. In T1 and T3, plants received sub-optimum and higher concentration respectively. It could be the reason for the lowest performances in these treatments. From this experiment, it could be concluded that once a week application of 20% seaweed liquid extract of Padina antrillarum is suitable to increase flowering in roses of treatment tested.  

scholarly journals Effect of foliar selenium application on the infestation of the perennial ryegrass Lolium perenne L. and tall fescue Festuca arundinacea Schreb. by fungal pathogen Fusarium culmorum (W.G. Sm.) Sacc.

2019 ◽  
Vol 42.1 ◽  
pp. 7100-7106
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Control Group

1 SUMMARY Selenium is considered an essential element for the life of animals, including humans. Anyway, its necessity and function in the plant organism have not been fully explained yet. The aim of the work was to investigate an effect of foliar application of selenium on the infestation of the perennial ryegrass and tall fescue by fungal pathogen Fusarium culmorum based on a determination of ergosterol in plant biomass. Two major species of grass (perennial ryegrass and tall fescue) cultivated under defined climate chamber conditions were included in the experiment. Within 5 weeks from their germination, a solution of selenium in the form of selenite or selenate, corresponding to 4 mg/m2 Se, was foliarily applied onto the plants. After 14 days of spraying, a solution containing conidia of Fusarium culmorum was applied to the plants. Subsequently, samples of green matter were taken at 14-day intervals, and the content of ergosterol and selenium were determined there. The content of ergosterol, which was selected as a marker of fungal pathogens, was found to be significantly higher (P<0.05) on the 28th day after the selenite and selenate application in both grass species. This increase was conclusive (P<0.05), when compared to the control group. No difference was observed between the selenium forms used. From our experiment, it is clear the plants of the perennial ryegrass and tall fescue were more easily attacked by fungal pathogen Fusarium culmorum after the application of selenium. Thus, it is possible to assume the application of selenium acts as stress a factor to plants.

Modelling optimal plant biomass partitioning

1994 ◽  
Vol 75-76 ◽  
pp. 309-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alois E. Kastner-Maresch ◽  
Harold A. Mooney
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biomass Partitioning

scholarly journals Effects of Calcium and Magnesium on Plant Growth, Biomass Partitioning, and Fruit Yield of Winter Greenhouse Tomato

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuming Hao ◽  
Athanasios P. Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biomass Partitioning ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Total Plant Biomass ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) `Trust' was grown on rockwool with nutrient solutions containing two levels of calcium (150 and 300 mg·L-1) in factorial combination with three levels of magnesium (20, 50, and 80 mg·L-1) in Winters 1997 and 1998, to investigate the effects of calcium and magnesium on growth, biomass partitioning, and fruit production. Plants grown at 20 mg·L-1 Mg started to show Mg deficiency symptoms (leaf chlorosis) at 8 weeks after planting. The chlorophyll content of middle and bottom leaves increased with increasing Mg concentration in the nutrient solution. At 300 mg·L-1 Ca, total fruit yield and fruit dry matter increased linearly with increasing Mg concentration; marketable fruit yield and total plant biomass showed similar response but to a lower degree. At 150 mg·L-1 Ca, total plant biomass, fruit dry matter and yield peaked at 50 mg·L-1 Mg. The biomass allocation to fruit increased while allocation to leaves decreased with increasing Mg concentration. The Mg effects on total and marketable fruit yield were mainly due to its influence on fruit yield in the late growth stage. Incidence of blossom-end rot (BER) at 150 mg·L-1 Ca increased linearly with increasing Mg concentration while it was not affected by Mg concentration at 300 mg·L-1 Ca. For a winter greenhouse tomato crop, the appropriate Ca and Mg concentrations for tomato production appear to be at 300 and 80 mg·L-1, respectively.

scholarly journals Foliar application of abscisic acid mitigates cadmium stress and increases food safety of cadmium-sensitive lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) genotype

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9270
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mujitaba Dawuda ◽  
Weibiao Liao ◽  
Linli Hu ◽  
Jihua Yu ◽  
Jianming Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Exogenous Aba ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Essential Nutrient

Cadmium (Cd2 +) is among the toxic non-essential heavy metals that adversely affect plants metabolic processes and the safety of produce. However, plant hormones can improve plant’s tolerance to various stresses. This study investigated the effect of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) on the biochemical and physiological processes and food safety of cadmium (Cd2 +)-sensitive lettuce genotype (Lüsu). Seedlings were subjected to five treatments: [(i) Control (untreated plants), (ii) 100 µM CdCl2, (iii) 100 µM CdCl2+10 µg L−1 ABA (iv) 10 µg L−1 ABA, and (v) 0.01 g L−1 ABA-inhibitor (fluridone)] for fourteen days in hydroponic system. The 100 µM CdCl2 increased the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), decreased photosynthesis and plant biomass. Moreover, it decreased the contents of essential nutrients (except copper) in the leaves but increased the contents of toxic Cd2 + in the leaves and roots of the plants. Foliar application of fluridone (0.01 g L−1) also caused oxidative stress by increasing the contents of H2O2 and MDA. It also decreased the contents of nutrient elements in the leaves of the plants. However, exogenous ABA (10 µg L−1) mitigated the Cd2 +-induced stress, increased antioxidant enzymes activities, photosynthesis and plant biomass under CdCl2 treatment. Remarkably, exogenous ABA increased the contents of essential nutrient elements but decreased the Cd2 + content in leaves under the CdCl2 treatment. Our results have demonstrated that foliar application of ABA mitigates Cd2 + stress and increases the nutritional quality and food safety of Cd2 +-sensitive lettuce genotype under CdCl2 treatment.

scholarly journals Predicting biomass partitioning to root versus shoot in corn and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

Weed Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly D. Bonifas ◽  
John L. Lindquist
Keyword(s):  
Root Biomass ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Belowground Biomass ◽  
Biomass Partitioning ◽  
Coordination Model ◽  
Normalized Error ◽  
C And N ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain

Knowledge of how plants will partition their new biomass will aid in understanding competition between crops and weeds. This study determined if the amount of biomass partitioned to the root versus the shoot can be predicted from tissue carbon [C] and nitrogen [N] concentrations and the daily gain in C (GC) and N (GN) for each unit shoot and root biomass, respectively. Pots measuring 28 cm diameter and 60 cm deep were embedded in the ground, and each contained one plant of either corn or velvetleaf. Each plant received one of three nitrogen treatments: 0, 1, or 3 g of nitrogen applied as ammonium nitrate in 2001 and 0, 2, or 6 g of nitrogen in 2002. Measurements of total above- and belowground biomass and tissue [C] and [N] were made at 10 different sample dates during the growing season. Fraction of biomass partitioned to roots (Pr) was predicted from [C], [N], GC, and GN. Accurate prediction of the fraction of biomass partitioned to roots versus shoots was evaluated by comparing observed and predicted Pr across all treatments. The coordination model has potential as a reliable tool for predicting plant biomass partitioning. Normalized error values were close to zero for corn in 2001 and 2002 and for velvetleaf in 2001, indicating that biomass partitioning was correctly predicted.

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