Mixed red and blue light promotes tomato seedlings growth by influencing leaf anatomy, photosynthesis, CO2 assimilation and endogenous hormones

2021 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 110500
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Zhongliang Liu ◽  
Qinghua Shi ◽  
Fengjuan Yang ◽  
Min Wei
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Endogenous Hormones ◽  
Tomato Seedlings

Influences of ultra‐violet (UV)‐blue light radiation on the growth of cotton. II. Photosynthesis, leaf anatomy, and iron reduction

1987 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 2283-2297 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Pushnik ◽  
Gene W. Miller ◽  
Von D. Jolley ◽  
John C. Brown ◽  
Tim D. Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Iron Reduction ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Light Radiation

Leaf Ultrastructure and δ13C Values of Three Seagrasses from the Great Barrier Reef

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Doohan ◽  
EH Newcomb
Keyword(s):  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Land Plants ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Δ13c Values ◽  
Abundant Cytoplasm

Leaf anatomy, ultrastructure and 13C/12C ratios were studied in three species of seagrasses collected on the Great Barrier Reef: Cymodocea rotundata Ehrenb. & Hempr., C. serrulata (R. Br.) Aschers. & Magnus, and Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb.) Aschers. Although they belong to two different mono- cotyledonous families, the three species are quite similar in the characteristics studied. Cells of the epidermal layer of the leaves are extremely thick-walled and have abundant cytoplasm with large chloroplasts and numerous mitochondria. The chloroplast-microbody profile ratio is c. 4-5 : 1 and the mitochondrion-microbody ratio 10-15 : 1. The epidermal cells resemble transfer cells in having a pronounced development of ingrowths on the radial walls. The mesophyll cells have thin walls, a large central vacuole and a thin layer of cytoplasm with relatively few organelles. There is no specialization of mesophyll cells around the vascular bundles. The δ13C values for the three sea- grasses range from -6.90, to - 12.40, and thus are characteristic of C4 land plants, although the seagrasses do not conform to the C4 syndrome in leaf anatomy or ultrastructure. It is not possible to place the seagrasses in either the C3, C4 or crassulacean acid metabolism category of land plants, but whether they constitute yet a fourth group with respect to characteristics related to CO2 assimilation is not clear.

scholarly journals Stomatal opening and growth in tomato seedlings treated with different proportions of red and blue light

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 688-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junwei Yang ◽  
Tingting Liang ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
Tonghua Pan ◽  
Zhirong Zou
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Chloroplast Ultrastructure ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Tomato Seedlings

Stomatal opening/closure plays a key role in balancing a plant’s need to conserve water, while still allowing for the exchange of photosynthetic and respiratory gasses with the atmosphere. Stomatal opening/closure can be induced by differences in light quality but a detailed knowledge of the role of light in stomatal regulation in tomato is limited. In this study, we evaluated red and blue light-dependent stomatal opening processes in tomato seedlings and explored the mechanisms involved using different light-quality treatments. After 10 h of darkness, tomato seedlings were subjected to the following five treatments: monochromatic red light (R), 33% blue (2R1B), 50% blue (1R1B), 67% blue (1R2B), and monochromatic blue light (B) at 200 μmol m−2s−1light intensity. The highest stomatal conductance recorded were for 1R1B. Stomatal aperture under 1R1B showed a 92.8% increase after 15 min and a 28.6% increase after 30 min compared with under R alone. Meanwhile, the study shows that the expressions of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase in the leaf were regulated by different proportions of blue light. The results show that the expressions of HA1 and HA4 increased under 1R1B and 1R2B after 15 min of exposure compared with under R alone. Under 1R1B, our results also show net photosynthesis increased compared with R and B after longer treatments, which may be related to chloroplast ultrastructure, and leaf dry weight increased compared with under 1R2B or B alone, but there were no differences under the R and 2R1B light treatments.

scholarly journals Growth Responses of Tomato Seedlings to Different Spectra of Supplemental Lighting

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celina Gómez ◽  
Cary A. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Supplemental Lighting ◽  
Developmental Responses

Seedlings of six tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivars (‘Maxifort’, ‘Komeett’, ‘Success’, ‘Felicity’, ‘Sheva Sheva’, and ‘Liberty’) were grown monthly for 2-week treatment periods to determine photomorphogenic and developmental responses to different light-quality treatments from supplemental lighting (SL) across changing solar daily light integrals (DLIs). Seedlings were grown in a glass-glazed greenhouse at a midnorth latitude (lat. 40° N, long. 86° W) under one of five lighting treatments: natural solar light only (control), natural + SL from a 100-W high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamp, or natural + SL from arrays of red and blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) using 80% red + 20% blue, 95% red + 5% blue, or 100% red. Varying solar DLI occurred naturally for all treatments, whereas constant DLI of 5.1 mol·m−2·d−1 was provided for all SL treatments. Supplemental lighting increased hypocotyl diameter, epicotyl length, shoot dry weight, leaf number, and leaf expansion relative to the control, whereas hypocotyl elongation decreased when SL was applied. For all cultivars tested, the combination of red and blue in SL typically increased growth of tomato seedlings. These results indicate that blue light in SL has potential to increase overall seedling growth compared with blue-deficient LED SL treatments in overcast, variable-DLI climates.

The Relationship Between CO2 Transfer Conductance and Leaf Anatomy in Transgenic Tobacco With a Reduced Content of Rubisco

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Evans ◽  
SV Caemmerer ◽  
BA Setchell ◽  
GS Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Unit Leaf Area ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Transfer Conductance

The CO2 transfer conductance in leaves quantifies the ease with which CO2 can diffuse from sub-stomatal cavities to sites of carboxylation within the chloroplast. The aim of this work was to test the hypothesis that the CO2 transfer conductance is proportional to the surface area of chloroplasts exposed to intercellular airspaces. We compared two genotypes, wild-type and transgenic tobacco, that had been transformed with an antisense gene directed at the mRNA of the Rubisco small subunit. Transgenic tobacco had lower rates of CO2 assimilation than wild-type but similar chlorophyll contents. Leaf anatomy was altered by growing plants in two different environments: a high daily irradiance in a growth cabinet (12 h photoperiod of 1 mmol quanta m-2 s-1) and a sunlit glasshouse. The growth cabinet gave at least twice the daily irradiance compared to the glasshouse. The CO2 transfer conductance was calculated from combined measurements of gas exchange and carbon isotope discrimination measured in 2% oxygen. Following gas exchange measurement, leaves were sampled for biochemical and anatomical measure- ment. In transgenic tobacco plants, Rubisco content was 35% of that found in the wild-type tobacco, the CO2 assimilation rate was 50% of the wild-type rate and the chlorophyll content was unaltered. While leaf mass per unit leaf area of transgenic tobacco was 82% of that of the wild-type, differences in leaf thickness and surface area of mesophyll cells exposed to intercellular airspace per unit leaf area (Smes) were small (92 and 87% of wild-type, respectively). Leaves grown in the growth cabinet under high daily irradiance were thicker (63%), had a greater Smes (41%) due to the development of thicker palisade tissue, had higher photosynthetic capacity (27%) and contained more chlorophyll (58%) and Rubisco (77%), than leaves from plants grown in the glasshouse. Irrespective of genotype or growth environment, CO2 transfer conductance varied in proportion to surface area of chloroplasts exposed to intercellular airspaces. While the method for calculating CO2 transfer conductance could not distinguish between limitations due to the gas or liquid phases, there was no reduction in CO2 transfer conductance associated with more closely packed cells, thicker leaves, nor with increasing chloroplast thickness in tobacco.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document