Different types of soil mulches in the leaf anatomy and physiology of 'BRS Platina' banana in a non-irrigated management

2022 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 110605
Author(s):  
Bárbara Nogueira Souza Costa ◽  
Irton de Jesus Silva Costa ◽  
Genaina Aparecida de Souza ◽  
Rafael Azevedo Arruda de Abreu ◽  
Evaldo Tadeu de Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Different Types

Cooperative quizzes in the anatomy and physiology laboratory: a description and evaluation.

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (6) ◽  
pp. S48 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Instructional Strategy ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
New Information ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Physiology Laboratory ◽  
Types Of Instruction ◽  
Common Laboratory

Physiology educators read journals, such as this one, to gather ideas about curriculum and instruction. Most articles focus on curriculum (i.e., what is taught), but this paper will focus on instruction (i.e., how curriculum is implemented). Just as there are different types of curricula, there are different types of instruction. The most common strategy is lecture. Lectures are extremely efficient for delivering large amounts of information in a short period of time. A common laboratory strategy is discovery or inquiry-based learning (i.e., giving students tools, cognitive and physical, to deduce new information via investigations). A third instructional strategy is the use of cooperative learning. Proper conditions are required for each instructional strategy, and problems arise when the wrong combinations are put together. This paper will describe how a cooperative learning environment can be created in the anatomy and physiology laboratory through the use of cooperative quizzes. It will include a brief introduction to the pedagogical theory behind cooperative learning and an evaluation of the effectiveness of quizzes compared with more traditional methods.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SETHOXYDIM HERBICIDE IN THE LEAF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF BRACHIARIA GRASS UNDER WATER STRESS

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R.R. PEREIRA ◽  
A.R. MARTINS ◽  
D. MARTINS ◽  
G. SASSO ◽  
A.C. SILVA JR
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Bulliform Cells ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Parenchymal Cells

ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to analyze the leaf anatomy and physiological behavior of Brachiaria grass plants (Urochloa decumbens) under different water conditions and with the application of sethoxydim herbicide. The used experimental design was the completely randomized one, with four replications, consisting of a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, with the combination of three water managements (-0.03, -0.07 and -1.5 MPa) with and without the application of sethoxydim herbicide + Assist mineral oil, at the recommended dose for the species (184 g a.i. ha-1). The assessed physiological and anatomicalal parameters were photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration, difference between leaf and room temperature, dry mass of plants, thickness of bulliform cells, adaxial and total epidermis. Under the conditions in which the experiment was conducted, it appears that Brachiaria grass leaves showed uniseriate epidermis, homogenous mesophyll, with radiated distribution of parenchymal cells around the vascular bundles. The adaxial epidermis presented bulliform cells; the vascular bundles are collateral and are present in different sizes. Water stress had a negative influence on herbicide effectiveness and decreased all physiological parameters. The application of the herbicide caused anatomical changes in plants with no water stress (-0.03 MPa), such as limitations in the growth of epidermic and bulliform cells, and in the total leaf thickness. However, in treatments with stress (-0.07 and -1.5 MPa), there were no differences in leaf anatomy, but an increase in the total thickness of leaves, probably as a result of the water stress conditions to which plants were submitted..

Levels of explanation in Galen

1997 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Singe
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Prime Model ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Humoral Pathology ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cultural Status ◽  
Dual Image ◽  
Mathematical Sciences ◽  
Deductive Science ◽  
The One

Galen's æuvre presents a remarkably varied body of texts–varied in subject matter, style, and didactic purpose. Logical tracts sit alongside tomes of drug–lore; handbooks of dietetics alongside anatomical investigations; treatises of physiology alongside ethical opuscula. These differences in type have received some, though as yet insufficient, scholarly attention. Mario Vegetti demonstrated the coexistence of two ‘profili’ or images of the art of medicine: Galen presents the art as an Aristotelian deductive science, on the one hand, and as a technician's craft, on the other. The former image, offering an ambitious elevation of the doctor's cultural status, has medicine as a philosophical episteme analogous to the mathematical sciences, exercised above all to provide causal accounts and logical demonstrations, and centred on the knowledge of anatomy. The second image is that of the clinician, concerned with the body in its pathological manifestations and using as its prime model the ‘pre-anatomical’ theory of the humours. And the content of the treatises shifts in relation to this dual image: ‘profilo alto’ and ‘profilo basso’ are reflected in different types of work. Polemical writings such as the Protrepticus, as well as the great treatises of anatomy and physiology, De usu partium and De naturalibus facultatibus, present medicine in the former light, while works like De temperamentis or Quod animi mores base themselves on humoral pathology and accord with the earlier, artisan-like image.

scholarly journals Leaf anatomy is not correlated to CAM function in a C3+CAM hybrid species, Yucca gloriosa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Heyduk ◽  
Jeremy N Ray ◽  
Jim Leebens-Mack
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Cam Plants ◽  
Hybrid Species ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Cam Species ◽  
Trait Correlations

Abstract Background and Aims Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is often considered to be a complex trait, requiring orchestration of leaf anatomy and physiology for optimal performance. However, the observation of trait correlations is based largely on comparisons between C3 and strong CAM species, resulting in a lack of understanding as to how such traits evolve and the level of intraspecific variability for CAM and associated traits. Methods To understand intraspecific variation for traits underlying CAM and how these traits might assemble over evolutionary time, we conducted detailed time course physiological screens and measured aspects of leaf anatomy in 24 genotypes of a C3+CAM hybrid species, Yucca gloriosa (Asparagaceae). Comparisons were made to Y. gloriosa’s progenitor species, Y. filamentosa (C3) and Y. aloifolia (CAM). Key Results Based on gas exchange and measurement of leaf acids, Y. gloriosa appears to use both C3 and CAM, and varies across genotypes in the degree to which CAM can be upregulated under drought stress. While correlations between leaf anatomy and physiology exist when testing across all three Yucca species, such correlations break down at the species level in Y. gloriosa. Conclusions The variation in CAM upregulation in Y. gloriosa is a result of its relatively recent hybrid origin. The lack of trait correlations between anatomy and physiology within Y. gloriosa indicate that the evolution of CAM, at least initially, can proceed through a wide combination of anatomical traits, and more favourable combinations are eventually selected for in strong CAM plants.

Leaf anatomy of in vitro tobacco and cauliflower plantlets as affected by different types of ventilation

Plant Science ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 161 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M.A Zobayed ◽  
J Armstrong ◽  
W Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Different Types

Glaucoma

2014 ◽  
pp. 345-406
Author(s):  
Alastair K.O. Denniston ◽  
Philip I. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Hypertension ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Secondary Glaucoma ◽  
Practical Approach ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Different Types

‘Glaucoma’ provides the reader with a practical approach to the assessment and management of glaucomatous conditions. After outlining the anatomy and physiology of relevant structures, the chapter addresses issues around the diagnosis of ocular hypertension and the different types of primary and secondary glaucoma. Using a patient-centred approach the key clinical features, investigations and treatment (medical and surgical) are described for each condition.

Renal problems

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Adam ◽  
Sue Osborne ◽  
John Welch
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Life Threatening

The kidneys normally excrete metabolic waste products in urine while maintaining fluid, electrolyte, and acid–base balance. However, critical illness frequently leads to renal impairment, loss of these functions, and potentially life-threatening complications. This chapter describes the functional anatomy and physiology of the renal system, important risk factors for acute kidney injury, and how renal function can be monitored and maintained. The methods, advantages, disadvantages, and practical management of different types of renal replacement therapy are discussed, together with essential aspects of holistic patient care.

scholarly journals Morphological, anatomical and cytological investigations on three taxa of Centaurea L. (Asteraceae) from Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neslihan Taşar ◽  
Gülden Doğan ◽  
Yaşar Kiran ◽  
M. Oliur Rahman ◽  
Uğur Çakilcioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Asymmetry Index ◽  
Lower Epidermis ◽  
Palisade Parenchyma ◽  
Stem Anatomy ◽  
Karyotype Asymmetry ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cytological Features ◽  
Karyotype Length

Morphological, anatomical and cytological features of three Turkish taxa of Centaurea L., viz. C. polypodiifolia Boiss. var. polypodiifolia, C. urvillei DC. subsp. urvillei and C. urvillei subsp. armata Wagenitz were investigated. Stem anatomy revealed the presence of a thick cuticle layer outside the stem, and epidermis with dense hairs was observed in the lower part. Investigation on leaf anatomy showed that different types of hairs on the outside of the leaf were very intense. Palisade parenchyma was observed below the upper and lower epidermis. In Centaurea polypodiifolia var. polypodiifolia, chromosome number was found to be 2n=16, while in C. urvillei subsp. urvillei and C. urvillei subsp. armata 2n=20. Total karyotype length of C. polypodiifolia var. polypodiifolia, C. urvillei subsp. urvillei and C. urvillei subsp. armata was 22.9 µm, 37.84 µm and 40.01 µm, respectively. Among the investigated taxa the karyotype asymmetry index was found lowest in C. urvillei subsp. armata. Satellite was detected in C. urvillei subsp. urvillei and subsp. armata, while it was absent in C. polypodiifolia Boiss. var. polypodiifolia. 

scholarly journals Alterations in leaf anatomy and physiology caused by the red mite (Oligonychus ilicis) in plants of Coffea arabica

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel I. Fahl ◽  
Rachel B. Queiroz-Voltan ◽  
Maria Luiza C. Carelli ◽  
Marlene A. Schiavinato ◽  
Ana K. S. Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Mite Infestation ◽  
Internal Damage ◽  
Photosynthetic Gas Exchange ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Commercial Crop ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
High Degree

Three degrees of red mite infestation (Oligonychus ilicis McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) were evaluated with regard to leaf anatomy, photosynthetic gas exchange and leaf ethylene production, in a commercial crop of approximately 12-year-old trees of Coffea arabica 'Catuaí Vermelho'. As a complementary study, foliar anatomy was also evaluated in a recuperated crop of C. arabica 'Mundo Novo' that had presented a high degree of red mite infestation during the dry period of the prior growing season. The red mite-infested leaves were bronze-coloured, with intensity proportional to the degree of internal damage. On feeding, the red mite introduces its stylet in the adaxial epidermis and, as a result, chloroplasts are destroyed in the feeding area. The number of chlorophyll-free cells in the palisade parenchyma was proportional to the intensity of attack by red mites. The cells of the spongy parenchyma, localized below the feeding areas of the mites, did not show any alterations, having intact chloroplasts, with the exception of some leaves that suffered from intense attack. Net photosynthesis rate declined, but only in leaves under intense red mite attack, due to destruction of chloroplasts in the attacked cells. Nevertheless, transpiration and stomatal conductance were unaffected by red mite. The concentrations of ethylene produced by the leaves were similar regardless of three levels of attack, suggesting that red mite infestation does not lead to leaf abscission. In addition, anatomical studies of 'Mundo Novo' leaves of plants that visually recovered from red mite attack showed that, even with scars present, they continued attached on the plant.

Glaucoma

2018 ◽  
pp. 380-442
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Hypertension ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Secondary Glaucoma ◽  
Practical Approach ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Different Types

‘Glaucoma’ provides the reader with a practical approach to the assessment and management of glaucomatous conditions. After outlining the anatomy and physiology of relevant structures, the chapter addresses issues around the diagnosis of ocular hypertension and the different types of primary and secondary glaucoma. Using a patient-centred approach the key clinical features, investigations and treatment (medical and surgical) are described for each condition.

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