Physical activity improves cardiovascular capacity and prevents decline in lung function caused by smoking: Efficacy of the intermittent and continuous training Program

Introduction: Physical inactivity is a risk factor for developing noncommnunicable diseases, as well as respiratory and cardiovascular disorders. To counter this, different types of interventions have been proposed, including respiratory muscle training (RMT).Objective: To determine the effect of a respiratory muscle training program on respiratory muscle strength, lung function and resting oxygen consumption in sedentary subjects.Materials and methods: Pretest-posttest experimental study conducted in sedentary students. Lifestyle and the level of physical activity was determined using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the FANTASTIC questionnaire, while respiratory muscle strength was established by means of expiratory and inspiratory pressure using a Dwyer Series 477 meter, and lung function and oxygen consumption was determined by spirometry and indirect calorimetry whit Vmax Encore 29C® calorimeter. Respiratory muscle training was performed for eight weeks with Threshold IMT system. R software, version 3.1.2, was used for statistical analysis.Results: Clinically and statistically significant improvements were found in maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) (pre: 81.23±22.00/post: 96.44±24.54 cmH2O; p<0.001); maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) (pre: 94.84±21.63/post: 107.39±29.15 cmH2O; p<0.05); pulmonary function FEV1 [(pre: 3.33±0.88/post: 3.54±0.90L) (p<0.05)]; and FEV1/FVC ratio [(pre: 87.78±7.67/post: 93.20±6.02% (p<0.01)].Conclusion: The respiratory muscle training protocol implemented for eight weeks using the Threshold IMT system improved strength and FEV1. There were no significant changes in oxygen consumption.

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Physical Activity in Aging Population

European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies ◽

10.26417/ejis.v5i3.p74-80 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 74

Author(s):

Rezarta Stena ◽

Klara Hysenaj ◽

Mitilda Gugu Karoli ◽

Armelda Teta ◽

Gjergji Doka

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Training Program ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Trunk Flexibility

It is known that worldwide populations are aging, and also that physical activity can play an important role in minimizing impairments characteristic of old age. Adopting a more active lifestyle and doing regular physical activity, including aerobic and resistance exercises, daily walking etc. have been demonstrated to improve cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal parameters in older adults. We assessed a potential participant from Elbasan (Albania), 67 years, for eligibility to participate in a 5 month training program. The subject gave written informed consent before inclusion.The following parameters were measured at the beginning (baseline) and end of the training period: BMI, body fat percentage, hand grip strength, lower/upper limb and trunk flexibility and range of motion, heart rate, balance, pain intensity, as well as VO2 max, directly and/or an estimate using the Rockport fitness test estimate. An initial evaluation was carried out just before starting the training (baseline). A second evaluation was made 5 months after starting the program of physical exercise (post training). Each evaluation included the recording of health related events, such as any changes in previous symptoms, as well as measurements of balance, flexibility, body composition, coordination, muscle strength, and aerobic capacity, to detect any changes that might have been induced specifically by physical activity. The subject’s attendance and participation in the program was also recorded. Range of motion for each part evaluated (trunk, hip, cervical region and shoulder) is improved about 15-20° degree. BMI, hand grip strength, lower/upper limb and trunk flexibility, heart rate, balance, pain intensity, VO2 max are also improved after training program. Following a training program or a regular physical activity in older adults minimise impairments characteristics in this age and cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal parameters. According to the low importance shown in my country for the physical activity in older adults, I want to emphasize the importance of state structures involvement and the sensibilization of this group of age to stimulate an actively participation in physical training programs followed by professionals for bests life parameters. A higher investment for this age group, building as many facilities as possible for activation and spending quality free time, hiring more physiotherapists in nursing homes will increase life motivation and improve the quality and the parameters of living.

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Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Adults With Cystic Fibrosis: Association With Aerobic Capacity, Lung Function, Sleep, Well-Being, and Quality of Life

Respiratory Care ◽

10.4187/respcare.09270 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. respcare.09270

Author(s):

Máire Curran ◽

Audrey C Tierney ◽

Brenda Button ◽

Louise Collins ◽

Lauren Kennedy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Lung Function ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Aerobic Capacity ◽

Well Being

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Infant lung function and physical activity in pregnancy

10.1183/13993003.congress-2021.oa1294 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hrefna Katrín Gudmundsdóttir ◽

Oda C. L. Carlsen ◽

Karen Eline Stensby Bains ◽

Martin Färdig ◽

Kai-Håkon Carlsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Lung Function ◽

In Pregnancy

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Effects Of A Peer-led Aerobic Training Program On Physical Activity Behavior Of Urban College Students

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000562085.02672.cb ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (Supplement) ◽

pp. 527

Author(s):

Galila Werber-Zion ◽

Olga G. Berwid ◽

Gregory Klimaytis ◽

Ricky Melendez ◽

Yesenia M. Echevarria ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

College Students ◽

Training Program ◽

Aerobic Training ◽

Physical Activity Behavior ◽

Activity Behavior

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Physical Activity Levels After Functional Resistance Training Program In Subjects With Low-back Pain

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000354953.93428.9b ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 130-131

Author(s):

José A. Pérez-Turpin ◽

Juan M. Cortell-Tormo ◽

Pablo Tercedor-Sánchez ◽

Alfonso Jiménez ◽

Juan J. Chinchilla-Mira

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Training Program ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Low Back ◽

Resistance Training Program ◽

Physical Activity Levels

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Investigating the Measurement of Physical Activity and Associated Factors in Youth and Adults with Cystic Fibrosis

10.23889/suthesis.58596 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Mayara S. Bianchim

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Lung Function ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

The Body ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Cut Points ◽

Measurement And Analysis ◽

The Relationship ◽

Crucial Part

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a multisystemic condition that affects almost every organ in the body, but especially the lungs. Regular physical activity (PA) can significantly slow disease progression and has become a crucial part of CF care. Previous research evaluating PA in CF has been hindered by the use of cut-points developed for healthy populations and the investigation of collinear movement behaviours as independent entities, both of which are likely to have confounded their findings and any subsequent inferences regarding associated health outcomes. Therefore, the overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the measurement and analysis of PA in those with CF. An initial systematic review provided recommendations for research calibrating accelerometry in paediatric clinical populations, highlighting that the pathophysiology of the condition must be accounted for and that the protocol should include a broad range of activities varying in intensity (Chapter 4). Subsequently, Chapter 5 developed and cross-validated raw acceleration CF-specific cut-points in youth which were then further assessed in Chapter 6, demonstrating that the CF-specific thresholds were associated with higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (SED) and lower levels of light PA compared to generic cut-points. Furthermore, lung function was associated with light PA when using condition-specific thresholds. Further investigation of the relationship between PA and health in Chapter 7 found that reallocating time from sedentary to any other behaviour was beneficial for lung function, with the greatest improvements observed when SED was reallocated to sleep or MVPA. Finally, Chapter 8 developed and validated machine learning algorithms that achieved excellent accuracy to classify PA types and intensities in youth with CF. In conclusion, these findings significantly advance the assessment of PA, enhancing our understanding of the relationship between PA and health in CF and informing future condition-specific PA guidelines, care strategies and interventions.

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Abstract P270: The Association between Physical Performance Characteristics and Independence in Activities of Daily Living in Middle-aged and Elderly Men

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.ap270 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Marjolein E den Ouden ◽

Marieke J Schuurmans ◽

Ilse E Arts ◽

Yvonne T van der Schouw

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Lung Function ◽

Functional Status ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Performance Characteristics ◽

Lower Extremity Function ◽

Elderly Men ◽

Leg Strength ◽

Study Population

Introduction: The functional status at one moment in time is a strong determinant of future functional status and survival in older persons. Physical functioning is an important component of functional status. Physical deterioration tends to occur early in the disabling process and is therefore suitable to interventions. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of physical performance characteristics (muscle capacity, lung function, physical performance score and physical activity) and functioning independently in middle aged and elderly men. Methods: In a cross-sectional study 400 independently living men aged 40-80 were included. Preservation of function was measured using the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire. Physical characteristics were grip strength and leg strength by dynamometer, lung function by peak flow, lower extremity function by Guralniks physical performance score and physical activity by Voorrips questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between potential determinants and the dichotomized HAQ-score, adjusting for confounders. Results: After adjustment for confounders, higher walking speed (OR=2.96, [95% CI 1.31; 6.72]) and shorter time to perform the chair stand test (OR=0.84, [95% CI 0.76; 0.94]) were associated with a higher probability of being independent in activities of daily living (ADL). Borderline significant associations were found for higher lung function and higher leg strength with a higher probability of being independent in ADL. No associations were found for grip strength and physical activity. Discussion and conclusion: The results are in line with previous studies, except for the associations between grip strength and physical activity with ADL independency. Longitudinal studies showed associations between grip strength and the probability of being independent in ADL. These results might indicate that whereas grip strength at a particular moment is not a determinant of ADL independency, change in grip strength over several years is. In addition, grip strength changes little until the 6 th decade but then decreases 1.0% to 1.5% per year from 50 to 70 years. The (relatively young) age of our study population could explain why we did not find an association. The mean total score on the Voorrips questionnaire was much higher compared to previous studies and very low scores of physical activity did not occur, indicating that our study population was relatively active. In the present study, lower body function and peak flow were associated with a higher probability of being independent in ADL. Future research should focus on the relation of physical performance characteristics and living independently using a longitudinal design for better insight in the direction of the associations. It seems that even at a younger age lower extremity function is associated with living independently.

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The impact of body mass index, central obesity and physical activity on lung function: results of the EpiHealth study

ERJ Open Research ◽

10.1183/23120541.00214-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 00214-2020

Author(s):

Magnus Svartengren ◽

Gui-Hong Cai ◽

Andrei Malinovschi ◽

Jenny Theorell-Haglöw ◽

Christer Janson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Lung Function ◽

Body Mass ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Weight Group ◽

The Impact

Study objectivesObesity is often associated with lower lung function; however, the interaction of lung function with central obesity and physical inactivity is less clear. As such, we investigated the effect on lung function of body size (body mass index (BMI)), central obesity (waist circumference (WC)) and self-reported physical activity.MethodsLung function, height, weight and WC were measured in 22 743 participants (12 791 women), aged 45–75 years, from the EpiHealth cohort study. Physical activity, gender and educational level were assessed using a questionnaire.ResultsObesity, central obesity and physical inactivity were all associated with lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). However, in participants without central obesity there was an increase in both FEV1 and FVC by BMI (% predicted FVC increasing from median 98%, interquartile range (IQR) 89–110% in underweight participants (BMI <20) to 103%, IQR 94–113% in obese participants (BMI ≥30)). In contrast, there was a decrease in % predicted FVC in participants with central obesity (from 98%, IQR 89–109% in the normal weight group to 95%, IQR 85–105% in the obese weight group). We further found a negative association between physical activity and lung function among those with low and high levels of physical activity (% predicted FEV1 97%, IQR 86–107% versus 103%, IQR 94–113%, respectively and % predicted FVC 96%, IQR 85–106% versus 103%, IQR 94–113%, respectively). All results remained when calculated by z-scores.ConclusionsThe association between BMI and lung function is dependent on the presence of central obesity. Independent of obesity, there is an association between physical activity and lung function.

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