Perturbation of the lipid metabolism and intestinal inflammation in growing pigs with low birth weight is associated with the alterations of gut microbiota

The very low birth weight (VLBW) infant is at great risk for marked dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. In the present study, a total of 36 VLBW infants were randomly divided into two groups, who were treated with combined probiotics and placebo, and 72 fecal specimens on days 14 and 28 of life were collected from them. Finally, 32 fecal specimens extracted from 16 preterm VLBW infants were qualified and analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The primary outcome was to evaluate the change of gut microbiota in VLBW infants after combined probiotic supplement. The secondary outcome was to analyze the correlation gut microbial composition and levels of cytokines. We found that probiotic treatment, but not placebo, decreased the α-diversity of gut microbiota in VLBW infants. At the phylum level, probiotic treatment strongly increased the abundance of Firmicutes, whereas that of Proteobacteria was significantly reduced. At the family level, Streptococcaceae and Lactobacillaceae became prevalent after probiotic treatment, while the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae was reduced in the meantime. Most notably, significant correlations were observed between Lactobacillaceae abundance and serum cytokine levels. Further studies are required to shed more light on the characteristics of gut microbiota of VLBW neonates. And the modulation of microbiota should be considered to improve the survival rate of VLBW infants.

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Low Birth Weight: Effect on Insulin Sensitivity and Lipid Metabolism

Hormone Research in Paediatrics ◽

10.1159/000067940 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Delphine Jaquet ◽

Juliane Léger ◽

Claire Lévy-Marchal ◽

Paul Czernichow

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Weight Effect

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Colonization of Supplemented Bifidobacterium breve M-16V in Low Birth Weight Infants and Its Effects on Their Gut Microbiota Weeks Post-administration

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.610080 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Ayako Horigome ◽

Ken Hisata ◽

Toshitaka Odamaki ◽

Noriyuki Iwabuchi ◽

Jin-zhong Xiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Control Group ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Fecal Samples ◽

Bifidobacterium Breve

The colonization and persistence of probiotics introduced into the adult human gut appears to be limited. It is uncertain, however, whether probiotics can successfully colonize the intestinal tracts of full-term and premature infants. In this study, we investigated the colonization and the effect of oral supplementation with Bifidobacterium breve M-16V on the gut microbiota of low birth weight (LBW) infants. A total of 22 LBW infants (12 infants in the M-16V group and 10 infants in the control group) were enrolled. B. breve M-16V was administrated to LBW infants in the M-16V group from birth until hospital discharge. Fecal samples were collected from each subject at weeks (3.7–9.3 weeks in the M-16V group and 2.1–6.1 weeks in the control group) after discharge. qPCR analysis showed that the administrated strain was detected in 83.3% of fecal samples in the M-16V group (at log10 8.33 ± 0.99 cell numbers per gram of wet feces), suggesting that this strain colonized most of the infants beyond several weeks post-administration. Fecal microbiota analysis by 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the abundance of Actinobacteria was significantly higher (P < 0.01), whereas that of Proteobacteria was significantly lower (P < 0.001) in the M-16V group as compared with the control group. Notably, the levels of the administrated strain and indigenous Bifidobacterium bacteria were both significantly higher in the M-16V group than in the control group. Our findings suggest that oral administration of B. breve M-16V led to engraftment for at least several weeks post-administration and we observed a potential overall improvement in microbiota formation in the LBW infants’ guts.

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Differential and Synergistic Effects of Low Birth Weight and Western Diet on Skeletal Muscle Vasculature, Mitochondrial Lipid Metabolism and Insulin Signaling in Male Guinea Pigs

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13124315 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 4315

Author(s):

Kristyn Dunlop ◽

Ousseynou Sarr ◽

Nicole Stachura ◽

Lin Zhao ◽

Karen Nygard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Insulin Signaling ◽

Western Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

High Sugar ◽

Mitochondrial Lipid

Low birth weight (LBW) offspring are at increased risk for developing insulin resistance, a key precursor in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Altered skeletal muscle vasculature, extracellular matrix, amino acid and mitochondrial lipid metabolism, and insulin signaling are implicated in this pathogenesis. Using uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI) to induce intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and LBW in the guinea pig, we investigated the relationship between UPI-induced IUGR/LBW and later life skeletal muscle arteriole density, fibrosis, amino acid and mitochondrial lipid metabolism, markers of insulin signaling and glucose uptake, and how a postnatal high-fat, high-sugar “Western” diet (WD) modulates these changes. Muscle of 145-day-old male LBW glucose-tolerant offspring displayed diminished vessel density and altered acylcarnitine levels. Disrupted muscle insulin signaling despite maintained whole-body glucose homeostasis also occurred in both LBW and WD-fed male “lean” offspring. Additionally, postnatal WD unmasked LBW-induced impairment of mitochondrial lipid metabolism, as reflected by increased acylcarnitine accumulation. This study provides evidence that early markers of skeletal muscle metabolic dysfunction appear to be influenced by the in utero environment and interact with a high-fat/high-sugar postnatal environment to exacerbate altered mitochondrial lipid metabolism, promoting mitochondrial overload.

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Effects of a formula with a probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis Supplement on the gut microbiota of low birth weight infants

European Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1007/s00394-019-02006-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 1493-1503 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Cheng Chi ◽

Yong Xue ◽

Ruixia Liu ◽

Yanxin Wang ◽

Na Lv ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Bifidobacterium Lactis

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The structural alteration of gut microbiota in low-birth-weight mice undergoing accelerated postnatal growth

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/srep27780 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jingjing Wang ◽

Huang Tang ◽

Xiaoxin Wang ◽

Xu Zhang ◽

Chenhong Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Postnatal Growth ◽

Structural Alteration

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Effects of low birth weight and 3 wk feed restriction on energy metabolism in growing pigs

Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition in sustainable animal production ◽

10.3920/978-90-8686-781-3_43 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 157-158

Author(s):

R. Krüger ◽

S. Görs ◽

K. Martens ◽

M. Derno ◽

B. U. Metzler-Zebeli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Energy Metabolism ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Feed Restriction

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Supplemental Choline Modulates Growth Performance and Gut Inflammation by Altering the Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Weaned Piglets

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/nxaa331 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 151 (1) ◽

pp. 20-29

Author(s):

Yueqin Qiu ◽

Shilong Liu ◽

Lei Hou ◽

Kebiao Li ◽

Li Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Bile Acids ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Control Diet ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Mrna Abundance ◽

Weaned Piglets ◽

Gut Inflammation

ABSTRACT Background Whether dietary choline and bile acids affect lipid use via gut microbiota is unclear. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effect of choline and bile acids on growth performance, lipid use, intestinal immunology, gut microbiota, and bacterial metabolites in weaned piglets. Methods A total of 128 weaned piglets [Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire), 21-d-old, 8.21 ± 0.20 kg body weight (BW)] were randomly allocated to 4 treatments (8 replicate pens per treatment, each pen containing 2 males and 2 females; n = 32 per treatment) for 28 d. Piglets were fed a control diet (CON) or the CON diet supplemented with 597 mg choline/kg (C), 500 mg bile acids/kg (BA) or both (C + BA) in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Growth performance, intestinal function, gut microbiota, and metabolites were determined. Results Compared with diets without choline, choline supplementation increased BW gain (6.13%), average daily gain (9.45%), gain per feed (8.18%), jejunal lipase activity (60.2%), and duodenal IL10 gene expression (51%), and decreased the mRNA abundance of duodenal TNFA (TNFα) (40.7%) and jejunal toll-like receptor 4 (32.9%) (P < 0.05); additionally, choline increased colonic butyrate (29.1%) and the abundance of Lactobacillus (42.3%), while decreasing the bile acid profile (55.8% to 57.6%) and the abundance of Parabacteroides (75.8%), Bacteroides (80.7%), and unidentified-Ruminococcaceae (32.5%) (P ≤ 0.05). Compared with diets without BA, BA supplementation decreased the mRNA abundance of colonic TNFA (37.4%), NF-κB p65 (42.4%), and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (42.5%) (P ≤ 0.01); BA also increased colonic butyrate (20.9%) and the abundance of Lactobacillus (39.7%) and Faecalibacterium (71.6%) and decreased that of Parabacteroides (67.7%) (P < 0.05). Conclusions Choline supplementation improved growth performance and prevented gut inflammation in weaned piglets by altering gut microbiota and lipid metabolism. BA supplementation suppressed intestinal inflammation with no effect on growth performance, which was associated with changed gut microbiota and metabolites.

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