scholarly journals Locating illicit discharges in storm sewers in urban areas using multi-parameter source tracking: Field validation of a toolbox composite index to prioritize high risk areas

2021 ◽  
pp. 152060
Author(s):  
Mounia Hachad ◽  
Martine Lanoue ◽  
Sung Vo Duy ◽  
Richard Villlemur ◽  
Sébastien Sauvé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Source Tracking ◽  
Field Validation ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Storm Sewers

scholarly journals Identifying Vulnerable Populations in Subtropical Brisbane, Australia: A Guide for Heatwave Preparedness and Health Promotion

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Loughnan ◽  
Nigel Tapper ◽  
Thu Phan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analysis ◽  
Prevention Policy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Heat Events

Building healthy societies is a key step towards climate resilient communities. Ill health is related to increased risk during heat events and is disproportionally distributed within and between communities. To understand the differences in the spatial distribution of climate related health risks and how this will change in the future we have undertaken a spatiotemporal analysis of heatwave risks in urban populations in Brisbane, Australia. The aim of this was to advise emergency managers and public health authorities of high-risk areas during extreme heat events (EHEs). The spatial distribution of heat related morbidity identified areas of high healthcare service demand during EHEs. An index of risk was developed based on social and environmental determinants of vulnerability. Regression analysis was used to determine the key drivers of heat related morbidity from the index. A weighted map of population vulnerability was produced which identified the high risk areas and provided key information to target public health interventions and heat stress prevention policy. The predicted changes in high risk populations such as the proportion of elderly people living in urban areas were also mapped to support longer term adaptation and develop health care infrastructure and health promotion strategies.

scholarly journals Geospatial-Based Model for Diagnosing Potential High-Risk Areas of Tuberculosis Disease in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 02007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rauf Abdul Rasam ◽  
Noresah Mohd Shariff ◽  
Jiloris F. Dony
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
World Health ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Local Study ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Urban City ◽  
Risk Areas

Malaysia has a medium burden of tuberculosis (TB) incidence based on World Health Organization (WHO) indicator, but the current trend of TB cases is generally alarming. The Ministry of Health (MOH), Malaysia has set up several guidelines to control the disease, however, the national TB technical report in 2015 addressed that existing detection methods of TB on the site still need to be integrated with relevant alternatives. A geospatial based model is proposed to identify potential high-risk areas of TB especially for targeting missing cases and undiagnosed people. The model was developed with three core stages; framework construction, data collection, and risk analysis and modelling. Eight risk factors: urbanisation, distance to factory, socio-economic status (SES), risk group, human mobility, house type, distance to healthcare centres, and number of population were utilised to determine risk rate of TB modelling. This innovative model has successfully estimated a 65 % of potential high-risk TB areas and targeted 106 high-risk localities in the 10 risk sections of the study area. These risk localities have general similarities with other endemic areas worldwide, but there are some interesting findings revealed in this local study towards in the TB control programme. Most of these cases did not only occur in high rise housing areas, but they are concentrated at industrial location, mobility pattern and socio-economic status in urban city. Although, urban areas are favoured area for the local TB, the disease could also potentially occur in semi-urban or rural areas.

scholarly journals An Alternative Risk Assessment Model of Urban Waterlogging: A Case Study of Ningbo City

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 826
Author(s):  
Meiling Zhou ◽  
Xiuli Feng ◽  
Kaikai Liu ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Lijian Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Risk Assessment Model ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The City

Influenced by climate change, extreme weather events occur frequently, and bring huge impacts to urban areas, including urban waterlogging. Conducting risk assessments of urban waterlogging is a critical step to diagnose problems, improve infrastructure and achieve sustainable development facing extreme weathers. This study takes Ningbo, a typical coastal city in the Yangtze River Delta, as an example to conduct a risk assessment of urban waterlogging with high-resolution remote sensing images and high-precision digital elevation models to further analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of waterlogging risk. Results indicate that waterlogging risk in the city proper of Ningbo is mainly low risk, accounting for 36.9%. The higher-risk and medium-risk areas have the same proportions, accounting for 18.7%. They are followed by the lower-risk and high-risk areas, accounting for 15.5% and 9.6%, respectively. In terms of space, waterlogging risk in the city proper of Ningbo is high in the south and low in the north. The high-risk area is mainly located to the west of Jiangdong district and the middle of Haishu district. The low-risk area is mainly distributed in the north of Jiangbei district. These results are consistent with the historical situation of waterlogging in Ningbo, which prove the effectiveness of the risk assessment model and provide an important reference for the government to prevent and mitigate waterlogging. The optimized risk assessment model is also of importance for waterlogging risk assessments in coastal cities. Based on this model, the waterlogging risk of coastal cities can be quickly assessed, combining with local characteristics, which will help improve the city’s capability of responding to waterlogging disasters and reduce socio-economic loss.

scholarly journals Is the Green Wave Really Green? The Risks of Rebound Effects When Implementing “Green” Policies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5411
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Bloder ◽  
Georg Jäger
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Other ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
Rebound Effects ◽  
Car Use ◽  
Reduce Emissions

Traffic and transportation are main contributors to the global CO2 emissions and resulting climate change. Especially in urban areas, traffic flow is not optimal and thus offers possibilities to reduce emissions. The concept of a Green Wave, i.e., the coordinated switching of traffic lights in order to favor a single direction and reduce congestion, is often discussed as a simple mechanism to avoid breaking and accelerating, thereby reducing fuel consumption. On the other hand, making car use more attractive might also increase emissions. In this study, we use an agent-based model to investigate the benefit of a Green Wave in order to find out whether it can outweigh the effects of increased car use. We find that although the Green Wave has the potential to reduce emissions, there is also a high risk of heaving a net increase in emissions, depending on the specifics of the traffic system.

Esophageal cancer in high-risk areas of China: research progress and challenges

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingsong Lin ◽  
Yukari Totsuka ◽  
Baoen Shan ◽  
Chaochen Wang ◽  
Wenqiang Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Risk Areas

Small-Area Analysis: Targeting High-Risk Areas for Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention Programs

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey B. Gould ◽  
Beate Herrchen ◽  
Tanya Pham ◽  
Stephan Bera ◽  
Claire Brindis
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Pregnancy Prevention ◽  
Small Area Analysis ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention ◽  
Risk Areas

scholarly journals Identifying high-risk areas for sporadic measles outbreaks: lessons from South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benn Sartorius ◽  
C Cohen ◽  
T Chirwa ◽  
G Ntshoe ◽  
A Puren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Measles Outbreaks

scholarly journals Risk factors of acute diarrhoea in summer – a nation-wide French case-control study

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. YAZDANPANAH ◽  
L. BEAUGERIE ◽  
P. Y. BOËLLE ◽  
L. LETRILLIART ◽  
J. C. DESENCLOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
National Level ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Case Control ◽  
French Case ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Control Study

The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for acute diarrhoea (AD) during the summer in France. A matched case-control study was conducted at a national level among patients of 500 general practitioners (GPs). From July to September 1996, 468 case-control pairs were included. Cases were more likely than controls (i) to live away from their main residence (OR 3·0; 95% CI 1·6–5·7), (ii) to have returned from a country at high risk of AD (OR 4·6; CI 0·9–23·1), and (iii) to have been in contact with a case of AD (OR 2·0; CI 1·3–3·1). A significantly decreased risk of AD was found for consumption of well-cooked chicken (OR 0·5; CI 0·3–0·8) and raw or undercooked home-made egg-containing products (OR 0·6; CI 0·4–0·8). These findings suggest that travel to high-risk areas, or travel within France, and being in contact with a case of AD, are risk factors for the occurrence of AD in summer in France.

Hepatitis A

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-142
Author(s):  
Stephanie Hammond
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Health Nurse ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Occupational Health Nurse ◽  
Liver Infection

Hepatitis A is a vaccine preventable liver infection caused by the hepatitis A virus. The occupational health nurse should be aware of the signs and symptoms of the virus, educate workers about the infection, and recommend immunization for workers traveling or working in high-risk areas for hepatitis A.

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