Impact of three and seven years of no-tillage on the soil water storage, in the plant root zone, under a dry subhumid Tunisian climate

2013 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imene Jemai ◽  
Nadhira Ben Aissa ◽  
Saida Ben Guirat ◽  
Moncef Ben-Hammouda ◽  
Tahar Gallali
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
No Tillage

scholarly journals Determining and Comparing Deep Drainage between Two Years – Dry (2012) and Wet (2013) – using Darcy’s Law

SURG Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Tamang
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Darcy’S Law ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Darcy's Law ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Deep Drainage ◽  
Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity

Understanding of the downward flux of water below the plant root zone, known as deep drainage (DD), is significant in agriculture and soil water conservation. It plays a key role to determine the amount of water that travels below the plant root zone and can potentially cause groundwater recharge. The DD in soil varies with location, soil texture, and topography. Thus, the objectives of this study were to determine the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, soil water storage, and DD for the years 2012 (dry year) and 2013 (wet year) at the University of Guelph’s Arboretum. The depths to the water table data were collected using a Mini Water Level Meter. CS616 sensors were used to determine the soil volumetric water content. The soil temperature was extracted with the use of T107 Temperature Probes. The slug test, based on the Hvorslev method, was performed to determine the field saturated hydraulic conductivity. The soil moisture retention curve was produced based on the data collected in the lab with the use of pressure plate systems, using van Genuchten’s equation. The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was also determined using van Genuchten’s equation. Darcy’s law was used to determine the specific discharge, which was then converted to the total DD. In general, the soil water storage was 38.5 mm higher in 2013 relative to 2012. The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was approximately 2 times higher in 2013 than 2012. The average DD was approximately 25 mm higher in 2013. This study provides information needed to better understand the movement and amount of water flux and DD in larger details.

A decreasing trend in global soil water storage from 1981 to 2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
XinRui Luo ◽  
Shaoda Li ◽  
Wunian Yang ◽  
Liang Liu ◽  
Xiaolu Tang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Soil Drought

<p>Soil water storage serves as a vital resource of the terrestrial ecosystems, and it can significantly influence water cycle and carbon cycling with the frequent occurrence of soil drought induced by land-atmosphere feedbacks. However, there are high variations and uncertainties of root zone soil water storage. This study applied comparison map profile (CMP), Mann-Kendall test, Theil-Sen estimate and partial correlation analysis to (1) estimate the global root zone (0~1 m) soil water storage, (2) and investigate the spatial and temporal patterns from 1981 to 2017 at the global scale, (3) and their relationships with environmental drivers (precipitation, temperature, potential evaportranspiration) using three soil moisture (SM) products – ERA-5, GLDAS and MERRA-2. Globally, the average annual soil water storage from 1981 to 2017 varied significantly, ranging from 138.3 (100 Pg a<sup>-1</sup>, 1 Pg = 10<sup>15</sup> g) in GLDAS to 342.6 (100 Pg a<sup>-1</sup>) in ERA-5. Soil water storage of the three SM products consistently showed a decreasing trend. However, the temporal trend of soil water storage among different climate zones was different, showing a decreasing trend in tropical, temperate and cold zones, but an increasing trend in polar regions. On the other hand, temporal trends in arid regions differed from ERA-5, GLDAS and MERRA-2. Spatially, the SM products differed greatly, particularly for boreal areas with D value higher for 2500 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> a<sup>-1</sup> and CC value lower for -0.2 between GLDAS and MERRA-2. Over 1981 to 2017, water storage of more than 50% of the global land area suffered from a decreasing trend, especially in Africa and Northeastern of China. Precipitation was the main dominated driver for variation of soil water storage, and distribution varied in different SM products. In conclusion, a global decreasing trend in soil water storage indicate a water loss from soils, and how the water loss affecting carbon sink in terrestrial ecosystems under ongoing climate change needs further investigation.</p>

Conservation tillage increases in soil water storage, soil animal populations, grain yield, and response to fertiliser in the semi-arid subtropics

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Radford ◽  
AJ Key ◽  
LN Robertson ◽  
GA Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Soil Animal ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Animal Populations

We compared 4 tillage practices (traditional, stubble mulch, reduced, no tillage) during 10 years under rainfed conditions on an alluvial soil in the semi-arid subtropics of central Queensland. In the final 4 years, responses to applied fertiliser nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and zinc (Zn) were determined. We measured soil water storage, soil nitrate accumulation, grain yield (sorghum, wheat), grain protein content, and populations of soil macrofauna, with the aim of identifying soil-conserving practices that also produce high yields of high quality grain. Stubble mulch, reduced tillage, and no tillage all outyielded traditional tillage when soil fertility was adequate. With applied N, S, and Zn, the mean wheat yields from traditional, stubble mulch, reduced, and no tillage were 2.44, 3.32, 3.46, and 3.64 t/ha, respectively. The yield responses to tillage practices were due to increases in storage of soil water or efficiency of crop water use or both. Populations of soil macrofauna averaged (per m2) 19 (traditional tillage), 21 (stubble mulch), 33 (reduced tillage), and 44 (no tillage). The effect of the tillage practices on soil animal populations may be a factor contributing to the measured differences in soil water storage and water use efficiency. We conclude that conservation tillage practices can greatly increase grain yields, provided crop and fallow management practices are appropriate. Potential yield advantages are realised if crop establishment, crop nutrition; and control of weeds, bests, and diseases ark adequate.

scholarly journals Effects of Wheat and Rapeseed Production on Soil Water Storage in Mongolian Rangeland

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 888
Author(s):  
Katori Miyasaka ◽  
Takafumi Miyasaka ◽  
Jumpei Ota ◽  
Siilegmaa Batsukh ◽  
Undarmaa Jamsran
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Matric Potential ◽  
Wheat Field ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Rapeseed Production ◽  
Wilting Point

In recent years, Mongolia has witnessed an increase in not only wheat fields, which have been present for a long time, but also rapeseed fields. This has led to increasing concerns about soil degradation due to inappropriate cultivation. This study aims to determine the impacts of rapeseed production on soil water storage in Mongolia. The soil water content and matric potential were measured in wheat and rapeseed fields and adjacent steppe rangeland for five years, including crop production and fallow years, and the soil water storages in the fields were compared. The results demonstrated that the matric potential below the root zone in the rapeseed field and both rangelands was drier than the wilting point, whereas the potential in the wheat field was usually almost the same or wetter than this point. The comparison of the amount of soil water storage during the fallow year with that of the adjacent rangeland showed it to be 5–10% higher for the wheat field and almost equal for the rapeseed field. Field management must consider the fact that rapeseed fields use more water than is required by wheat fields and that less water is stored during fallow periods.

Changes in soil water storage with no-tillage and crop residue retention on a Vertisol: Impact on productivity and profitability over a 50 year period

2019 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 104319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn L Page ◽  
Yash P. Dang ◽  
Ram C. Dalal ◽  
Steven Reeves ◽  
Greg Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Residue Retention

ESTIMATING EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FROM IRRIGATED CROPS IN SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. TAN ◽  
J. M. FULTON
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Wide Range

Several years of daily evapotranspiration (ET) data for irrigated early potatoes, corn and processing tomatoes, grown on Fox sandy loam measured by floating lysimeters and estimated by meteorological data were used to evaluate an equilibrium evapotranspiration (ETeq) model. A reasonable relationship was obtained between values estimated by the model and those measured by floating lysimeters. The ETeq model can be used to estimate daily ET over a wide range of soil moisture and foliage cover conditions. ETeq can be estimated from readily available climatic data in the form: ETeq = (0.48 + 0.01 Ta) [(0.114 + 0.365n/N) K↓a − 0.039]; where Ta is the mean daily air temperature (°C); n is sunshine duration (h); N is maximum hours of bright sunshine (h); K↓a is solar energy received at the top of the atmosphere (mm/day). At high soil water storage in the root zone, the ET/ETeq remained constant, whereas, at low soil water storage, the ET/ETeq decreased linearly with decreasing soil water storage. The total crop yields were directly related to growing season accumulated ET.

Water use of sunflower crops

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (97) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
WK Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Evaporative Demand ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Small Component ◽  
Water Storage Capacity ◽  
Water Use Efficiencies

The potential, or energy-limited evapotranspiration, and the actual, or soil water-limited evapotranspiration functions of sunflower were estimated by lysimetry and field soil water measurements. The functions show that peak water demand by the crop is in the immediate post-anthesis period and that sunflower is capable of restricting its water use when some 70% of the maximum available water remains in the root zone. With the aid of these functions, weekly estimates were made of the water use of thirteen commercial sunflower crops in northern New South Wales. Estimated water use ranged from 150 to 320 mrn and water use efficiencies from 1.9 to 10.5 kg seed mm-1 water used. Highest yields and water use efficiencies were associated with a combination of high total water supply (soil water at sowing plus rainfall during growth of 380 mm or more) high water use (220 mm or more) and low evaporative demand (below 780 mm of pan evaporation). Based on the water use characteristics of the crop the optimal sowing time in most areas is mid summer. However, spring sowings may be preferable for winter rainfall areas where soil water storage capacity is high and there is only a small component of summer rain. Crops sown in spring, even with high stored soil water (up to 200 mm) failed to yield as well as those sown in summer with much lower soil water storage.

scholarly journals Comparison between climatological and field water balances for a coffee crop

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabeli Pereira Bruno ◽  
Adriana Lúcia da Silva ◽  
Klaus Reichardt ◽  
Durval Dourado-Neto ◽  
Osny Oliveira Santos Bacchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Water Balances ◽  
Runoff Losses

The use of climatological water balances in substitution to complete water balances directly measured in the field allows a more practical crop management, since the climatological water balances are based on data monitored as a routine. This study makes a comparison between these methods in terms of estimatives of evapotranspiration, soil water storage, soil available water, runoff losses, and drainage below root zone, during a two year period, taking as an example a coffee crop of the variety Catuaí, three to five years old. Climatological water balances based on the estimation of the evapotranspiration through the methods of Thornthwaite and Penman-Monteith, can reasonably substitute field measured balances, however underestimating the above mentioned variables.

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