Oxidation behavior of Cr-AlSi12 composite coatings on Ti-6Al-4V alloy substrate fabricated via high-energy mechanical alloying method

Cold sprayed WC-Co metal matrix composite coatings have shown great potential in wear-resistance applications. This work aims to use experimental and numerical methods to clarify the deposition and particle–substrate bonding behavior of a single porous WC-17Co particle onto various substrates. To achieve this objective, porous WC-17Co particles were used as the feedstock; soft Al 2024 (Al alloy) and hard stainless steel 316 (SS) were used as the substrates. The experimental results revealed that brittle WC-Co particles tended to remain intact after depositing on a soft Al alloy substrate, but underwent serious fracture when impacting on a hard SS substrate. Further results indicated that the high energy dissipation and the consequent high stress concentration in the WC-Co particle was the main reason for inducing the particle fracture. In addition, two different mechanical interlocking mechanisms were identified during the WC-Co particle deposition process (namely WC reinforcement interlock and WC-Co particle interlock), dominating the particle-substrate bonding. A soft Al alloy substrate resulted in better interlocking than a hard SS substrate, thereby the corresponding particle bonding ratio was also much higher.

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Fabrication of Ti–Cu–Al coatings with amorphous microstructure on Ti–6Al–4V alloy substrate via high-energy mechanical alloying method

Surface and Coatings Technology ◽

10.1016/j.surfcoat.2013.10.043 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 236 ◽

pp. 485-499 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

C. Chen ◽

R.D. Ding ◽

X.M. Feng ◽

Y.F. Shen

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Alloying ◽

High Energy ◽

Alloy Substrate

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Influence of V and Heat Treatment on Characteristics of WMoNbTaV Refractory High-Entropy Alloy Coatings by Mechanical Alloying

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings11030265 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 265

Author(s):

Chun-Liang Chen ◽

Sutrisna

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Mechanical Alloying ◽

Annealing Treatment ◽

High Energy ◽

304 Stainless Steel ◽

Homogeneous Distribution ◽

High Entropy Alloy ◽

Solid Solution Phase ◽

High Entropy ◽

Steel Substrates

Refractory high-entropy alloy (RHEA) is one of the most promising materials for use in high-temperature structural materials. In this study, the WMoNbTaV coatings on 304 stainless steel substrates has been prepared by mechanical alloying (MA). Effects of V addition and subsequent heat treatment on properties of the WMoNbTaV coatings were investigated. The results show that the RHEA coatings with nanocrystalline body-centered cubic (BCC) solid-solution phase were generated by the mechanical alloying process. The presence of the V element promotes a uniform microstructure and homogeneous distribution of composition in the RHEA coatings due to improving alloying efficiency, resulting in an increase of hardness. After the annealing treatment of the RHEA coatings, microstructure homogeneity was further enhanced; however, the high affinity of Ta for oxygen causes the formation of Ta-rich oxides. Annealing also removes strain hardening generated by high-energy ball milling and thus decreases the hardness of the RHEA coating and alters microstructure evolution and mechanical properties.

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Effect of Milling Parameters on the Development of a Nanostructured FCC–TiNb15Mn Alloy via High-Energy Ball Milling

Metals ◽

10.3390/met11081225 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1225

Author(s):

Cristina García-Garrido ◽

Ranier Sepúlveda Sepúlveda Ferrer ◽

Christopher Salvo ◽

Lucía García-Domínguez ◽

Luis Pérez-Pozo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Alloying ◽

Ball Mill ◽

Milling Time ◽

High Energy ◽

Planetary Mill ◽

Nominal Composition ◽

Mechanically Alloyed ◽

Milling Parameters ◽

Energy Ball ◽

Full Conversion

In this work, a blend of Ti, Nb, and Mn powders, with a nominal composition of 15 wt.% of Mn, and balanced Ti and Nb wt.%, was selected to be mechanically alloyed by the following two alternative high-energy milling devices: a vibratory 8000D mixer/mill® and a PM400 Retsch® planetary ball mill. Two ball-to-powder ratio (BPR) conditions (10:1 and 20:1) were applied, to study the evolution of the synthesized phases under each of the two mechanical alloying conditions. The main findings observed include the following: (1) the sequence conversion evolved from raw elements to a transitory bcc-TiNbMn alloy, and subsequently to an fcc-TiNb15Mn alloy, independent of the milling conditions; (2) the total full conversion to the fcc-TiNb15Mn alloy was only reached by the planetary mill at a minimum of 12 h of milling time, for either of the BPR employed; (3) the planetary mill produced a non-negligible Fe contamination from the milling media, when the highest BPR and milling time were applied; and (4) the final fcc-TiNb15Mn alloy synthesized presents a nanocrystalline nature and a partial degree of amorphization.

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Oxidation Behavior of TiAl Based Alloys Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.152-153.940 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 152-153 ◽

pp. 940-944

Author(s):

Hua Chen ◽

Jing Chao Zhang ◽

X.Y Lu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Alloying ◽

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Oxidation Behavior ◽

Mass Gain ◽

Vacuum Sintering ◽

Temperature Oxidation ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

High Temperature Oxidation Behavior ◽

Fully Lamellar

The spark plasma sintering (SPS) microstructure and high temperature oxidation behavior of TiH2-45Al-0.2Si-5Nb(at.%) alloy were investigated.Emphasis was placed on the effect of SPS microstructures, obtained by blend powder and mechanical alloying powder. The mass gain due to oxidation was measured using an electro balance. The oxide layers as well as its micro-structure were examined by SEM and EDS, and XRD. The results show that sintered microstructure of blend powder is composed of fully lamellar TiAl/ Ti3Al phase, and that of the mechanical alloying powder is composed of finer granular TiAl/Ti3Al phase. The latter oxidation rate is lower, and forms continuous mixed oxide layer of Al2O3 and TiO2. Both SPS microstructure of blend powder and mechanical alloying powder are superior in oxidation behavior to ordinary vacuum sintering.

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