Molecular Regulation of Microlymphatic Formation and Function: Role of Nitric Oxide

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Hagendoorn ◽  
Timothy P. Padera ◽  
Dai Fukumura ◽  
Rakesh K. Jain
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Molecular Regulation ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals The role of nitric oxide on matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and MMP9 in placenta and fetus from diabetic rats

Reproduction ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Pustovrh ◽  
A Jawerbaum ◽  
V White ◽  
E Capobianco ◽  
R Higa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Diaphorase Activity ◽  
Nos Inhibitor ◽  
And Function ◽  
Fetal Organs

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in tissue remodeling that accompanies the rapid growth, differentiation, and structural changes of the placenta and several fetal organs. In the present study, we investigated whether the diabetic maternal environment may alter the regulatory homeostasis exerted by nitric oxide (NO) on MMPs activity in the feto-placental unit from rats at midgestation. We found that NADPH-diaphorase activity, which reflects the distribution and activity of NO synthases (NOS), was increased in both placenta and fetuses from diabetic rats when compared with controls. In addition, while a NO donor enhanced MMP2 and MMP9 activities, a NOS inhibitor reduced these activities in the maternal side of the placenta from control rats. This regulatory effect of NO was only observed on MMP9 in the diabetic group. On the other hand, the NO donor did not modify MMP2 and MMP9 activities, while the NOS inhibitor reduced MMP9 activity in the fetal side of both control and diabetic placentas. In the fetuses, MMP2 was enhanced by the NO donor and reduced by the NO inhibitor in both fetuses from control and diabetic rats. Overall, this study demonstrates that NO is able to modulate the activation of MMPs in the feto-placental unit, and provides supportive evidence that increased NOS activity leads to NO overproduction in the feto-placental unit from diabetic rats, an alteration closely related to the observed MMPs dysregulation that may have profound implications in the formation and function of the placenta and the fetal organs.

scholarly journals Autoregulatory Role of Endothelium-derived Nitric Oxide (NO) on Lipopolysaccharide-induced Vascular Inducible NO Synthase Expression and Function

2004 ◽  
Vol 280 (8) ◽  
pp. 7236-7243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuong A. Vo ◽  
Bhavini Lad ◽  
James A. P. Tomlinson ◽  
Stephanie Francis ◽  
Amrita Ahluwalia
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Inducible No Synthase ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals The Role of Glycocalyx and Caveolae in Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Regina Potje ◽  
Tiago Dal-Cin Paula ◽  
Michele Paulo ◽  
Lusiane Maria Bendhack
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Endothelial Glycocalyx ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Vascular Homeostasis ◽  
Structure Synthesis ◽  
And Function

This review highlights recent findings about the role that endothelial glycocalyx and caveolae play in vascular homeostasis. We describe the structure, synthesis, and function of glycocalyx and caveolae in vascular cells under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Special focus will be given in glycocalyx and caveolae that are associated with impaired production of nitric oxide (NO) and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Such alterations could contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, and hypertension.

scholarly journals The role of nitric oxide and its donors in uterus contractility regulation

1998 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
V. V. Abramchenko ◽  
L. A. Sherbina ◽  
S. V. Nikitin ◽  
A. V. Nikitin ◽  
T. U. Kuzminih
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Uterine Contraction ◽  
Therapeutic System ◽  
Uterine Contractility ◽  
Uterine Activity ◽  
The Status ◽  
Interruption Management ◽  
And Function ◽  
Pregnancy Interruption

This article presents comprehensive data on uterine contractility regulation by nitric oxide, including systematized contemporary data on the status and function of the human nitroxidergic vasodilator system, and our experience in threat of pregnancy interruption management by nitroglycerin given with the transdermal therapeutic system Deponit 5 (Schwarz Pharma, Germany). To control contractile uterine activity in pregnant women with pathologic preliminary period, the authors successfully used sublingual application of Nitrolingual aerosol (G. Pohl-Boskamp GmbH and Co, Germany) with prolongation of the effect by the Deponit system 5. As little as five minutes after aerosol application tocography revealed a decrease in uterine contraction frequency, duration and intensity. By effecting post- and preloading and lowering the resistance of spiral arteries, vasodilators provided increased intensity of placenta circulation, which had a great importance for anteintranatal care of the fetus and newborn. The advantages of nitric oxide donator application in obstetrics were also demonstrated.

scholarly journals Role of nitric oxide in placental vascular development and function

Placenta ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 797-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Krause ◽  
M.A. Hanson ◽  
P. Casanello
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Vascular Development ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Glycyrrhizin as a Nitric Oxide Regulator in Cancer Chemotherapy

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5762
Author(s):  
Minsu Kim ◽  
Seok Chan Park ◽  
Dong Yun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Chemotherapy ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
No Production ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
And Function

Chemotherapy is used widely for cancer treatment; however, the evolution of multidrug resistance (MDR) in many patients limits the therapeutic benefits of chemotherapy. It is important to overcome MDR for enhanced chemotherapy. ATP-dependent efflux of drugs out of cells is the main mechanism of MDR. Recent studies have suggested that nitric oxide (NO) can be used to overcome MDR by inhibiting the ATPase function of ATP-dependent pumps. Several attempts have been made to deliver NO to the tumor microenvironment (TME), however there are limitations in delivery. Glycyrrhizin (GL), an active compound of licorice, has been reported to both reduce the MDR effect by inhibiting ATP-dependent pumps and function as a regulator of NO production in the TME. In this review, we describe the potential role of GL as an NO regulator and MDR inhibitor that efficiently reduces the MDR effect in cancer chemotherapy.

Copper deficiency and cardiovascular disease: role of peroxidation, glycation, and nitration

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 848-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack T Saari
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Cardiovascular Defects ◽  
And Function ◽  
Reduced Activity

Dietary copper deficiency causes a variety of cardiovascular deficits. Systemic effects include high blood pressure, enhancement of inflammation, anemia, reduced blood clotting, and possibly arteriosclerosis. Effects on specific organs or tissues include weakened structural integrity of the heart and blood vessels, impairment of energy use by the heart, reduced ability of the heart to contract, altered ability of blood vessels to control their diameter and grow, and altered structure and function of circulating blood cells. In some instances, the cause of a defect can be directly attributed to reduced activity of a specific copper-dependent enzyme. However, three nonspecific mechanisms of damage have been implicated in cardiovascular defects of copper deficiency. They are peroxidation, the interaction of oxygen-derived free radicals with lipids and proteins (possibly DNA); glycation, the nonenzymatic glycosylation of proteins; and nitration, the interaction of nitric oxide and its metabolites with peptides and proteins. Though independently these mechanisms present great potential for damage, the possibility that they may interact presents an added reason for concern. Furthermore, the fact that at least two of these mechanisms are associated with diabetes and aging suggests that copper deficiency may exacerbate deficits associated with these two conditions.Key words: copper, heart, circulation, peroxidation, glycation, nitric oxide.

Discovery of Some of the Biological Effects of Nitric Oxide and its Role in Cell Signaling

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 452-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferid Murad
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cyclic Gmp ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organic Nitrates ◽  
Nitric Oxide Formation ◽  
And Function ◽  
Messenger Molecule

The role of nitric oxide in cellular signaling in the past 22 years has become one of the most rapidly growing areas in biology with more than 20,000 publications to date. Nitric oxide is a gas and free radical with an unshared electron that can regulate an ever-growing list of biological processes. In many instances nitric oxide mediates its biological effects by activating guanylyl cyclase and increasing cyclic GMP synthesis from GTP. However, the list of effects of nitric oxide that are independent of cyclic GMP is also growing at a rapid rate. For example, nitric oxide can interact with transition metals such as iron, thiol groups, other free radicals, oxygen, superoxide anion, unsaturated fatty acids and other molecules. Some of these reactions result in the oxidation of nitric oxide to nitrite and nitrate to terminate its effect, while other reactions can lead to altered protein structure, function, and/or catalytic capacity. These diverse effects of nitric oxide that are either cyclic GMP dependent or independent can alter and regulate important physiological and biochemical events in cell regulation and function. Nitric oxide can function as an intracellular messenger, an autacoid, a paracrine substance, a neurotransmitter, or as a hormone that can be carried to distant sites for effects. Thus, it is a unique simple molecule with an array of signaling functions. However, as with any messenger molecule, there can be too little or too much of the substance and pathological events result. Some of the methods to regulate either nitric oxide formation, metabolism, or function have been in clinical use for more than a century as with the use of organic nitrates and nitroglycerin in angina pectoris that was initiated in the 1870's. Current and future research with nitric oxide and cyclic GMP will undoubtedly expand the clinicians' therapeutic armamentarium to manage a number of important diseases by perturbing nitric oxide and cyclic GMP formation and metabolism. Such promise and expectations have obviously fueled the interests in these signaling molecules for a growing list of potential therapeutic applications.

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