scholarly journals Assessing a 6-h endpoint observation time in the lethality neutralization assay used to evaluate the preclinical efficacy of snake antivenoms

Toxicon X ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100087
Author(s):  
Gina Durán ◽  
Gabriela Solano ◽  
Aarón Gómez ◽  
Daniel Cordero ◽  
Adriana Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Preclinical Efficacy

Assessing the preclinical efficacy of antivenoms: From the lethality neutralization assay to antivenomics

Toxicon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 168-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
José María Gutiérrez ◽  
Gabriela Solano ◽  
Davinia Pla ◽  
María Herrera ◽  
Álvaro Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Preclinical Efficacy

Detection of viruses by electron microscopy: Increased sensitivity by direct micro-ultracentrifugation of samples

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 908-909
Author(s):  
Alain R. Trudel ◽  
M. Trudel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
Latex Spheres ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Size Of Particles

AirfugeR (Beckman) direct ultracentrifugation of viral samples on electron microscopy grids offers a rapid way to concentrate viral particles or subunits and facilitate their detection and study. Using the A-100 fixed angle rotor (30°) with a K factor of 19 at maximum speed (95 000 rpm), samples up to 240 μl can be prepared for electron microscopy observation in a few minutes: observation time is decreased and structural details are highlighted. Using latex spheres to calculate the increase in sensitivity compared to the inverted drop procedure, we obtained a 10 to 40 fold increase in sensitivity depending on the size of particles. This technique also permits quantification of viral particles in samples if an aliquot is mixed with latex spheres of known concentration.Direct ultracentrifugation for electron microscopy can be performed on laboratory samples such as gradient or column fractions, infected cell supernatant, or on clinical samples such as urine, tears, cephalo-rachidian liquid, etc..

No effect of artificial gravity on lung function with exercise training during head-down bed rest

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Longxiang Su ◽  
Yinghua Guo ◽  
Yajuan Wang ◽  
Delong Wang ◽  
Changting Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Artificial Gravity ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Expiratory Flow

AbstractTo explore the effectiveness of microgravity simulated by head-down bed rest (HDBR) and artificial gravity (AG) with exercise on lung function. Twenty-four volunteers were randomly divided into control and exercise countermeasure (CM) groups for 96 h of 6° HDBR. Comparisons of pulse rate, pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) and lung function were made between these two groups at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 h. Compared with the sitting position, inspiratory capacity and respiratory reserve volume were significantly higher than before HDBR (0° position) (P< 0.05). Vital capacity, expiratory reserve volume, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced inspiratory vital capacity, forced inspiratory volume in 1 s, forced expiratory flow at 25, 50 and 75%, maximal mid-expiratory flow and peak expiratory flow were all significantly lower than those before HDBR (P< 0.05). Neither control nor CM groups showed significant differences in the pulse rate, SpO2, pulmonary volume and pulmonary ventilation function over the HDBR observation time. Postural changes can lead to variation in lung volume and ventilation function, but a HDBR model induced no changes in pulmonary function and therefore should not be used to study AG CMs.

A Hexagonal (II) Phase Phospholipid Neutralization Assay for Lupus Anticoagulant Identification

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (05) ◽  
pp. 787-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas A Triplett ◽  
Linda K Barna ◽  
Gail A Unger
Keyword(s):  
Hemophilia A ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Variable Screening ◽  
Routine Clinical Laboratory

SummaryLupus anticoagulants (LAs) are immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, or both) which interfere with in vitro phospholipid (PL) dependent tests of coagulation (e.g. APTT, dilute PT, dilute Russell Viper Venom Time). These antibodies may be identified in a wide variety of clinical settings. With the exception of heparinized patient samples, the presence of LAs is often the most common cause of an unexplained APTT in a routine clinical laboratory. The diagnosis of LAs is difficult due to variable screening reagent sensitivity and intrinsic heterogeneity of LAs. Recently, Rauch and colleagues have shown human monoclonal hybridoma LAs were inhibited by hexagonal (II) phase PLs. In contrast, lamellar phase PLs had no effect. We have evaluated a new assay system, Staclot LA®, which utilizes a hexagonal (II) phase PL (egg phosphatidylethanolamine [EPE]) as a confirmatory test for LAs. Plasma samples from the following patient populations were studied: LA positive, heparinized, oral anticoagulated, hemophilia A and B, and specific factor inhibitors (factors V, VIII, IX). Unlike previous studies, the LA positive patients were a mixed population including: autoimmune diseases, drug-induced, and post-infection. Our findings confirm the specificity of hexagonal (II) phase PL neutralization of LAs.

The Risk of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with and without Factor V Leiden

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (04) ◽  
pp. 624-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Eichinger ◽  
Ingrid Pabinger ◽  
Andreas Stümpfien ◽  
Mirko Hirschl ◽  
Christine Bialonczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Factor V Leiden ◽  
Multicenter Trial ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibody ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Recurrent Vte

SummaryThromboprophylaxis with oral anticoagulants up to six months is established in patients after a first venous thromboembolic event (VTE). The risk of recurrent VTE is still considerable thereafter, and it is uncertain whether some patients might benefit from extended anticoagulation. We performed a prospective, multicenter trial (4 thrombosis centers) and evaluated in 380 patients with a first or recurrent VTE (patients with a deficiency of antithrombin, protein C, protein S or plasminogen; cancer; or an antiphospholipid antibody syndrome were excluded) the risk of recurrence after discontinuation of secondary thromboprophylaxis with oral anticoagulants. It was the aim of the study to evaluate whether patients with factor V Leiden are at an increased risk of recurrent VTE. 112 (29.5%) patients were carriers of factor V Leiden (26.9% heterozygous, 2.6% homozygous). After a median observation time of 19.3 months the overall recurrence rate of VTE was 9.9%. Recurrent deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism occurred in 26 of 268 patients without factor V Leiden (9.7%) and in 10 of 112 patients with factor V Leiden (8.9%). The probability of recurrent VTE two years after discontinuation of oral anticoagulants was 12.4% (95% Cl 7.8-17) in patients without factor V Leiden and was 10.6% (95% Cl 3.8-17.4) in carriers of the mutation. This difference was statistically not significant. Patients with factor V Leiden are not at a higher risk of recurrent VTE within two years after discontinuation of oral anticoagulants than patients without factor V Leiden. Balancing the risk of recurrent VTE and bleeding from oral. anticoagulants, patients with factor V Leiden are not likely to benefit from oral anticoagulant therapy extended beyond six months.

IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN KURIKULUM MADRASAH MUROTTILIL QUR’AN AL-RIFA’IE 2 MALANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Akhmad Ulul Albab
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Curriculum Planning ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Academic Calendar

This thesis aims to examine the management process applied in the Madrasah Murottilil Qur'an Al-Rifa'ie 2 Malang. Beginning with the curriculum planning process, implementing the curriculum, and how to evaluate the curriculum of the Madrasah Murottilil Qur'an Al-Rifa'ie 2 Malang. This research aims to find out and describe the managerial process of the curriculum, and the inhibiting factors in the implementation of efforts to achieve the vision, mission that has been set.This thesis is a report on the results of field research using a qualitative descriptive method with a case study research approach that takes place at the Al-Rifa'ie 2 Malang Boarding School.Data collection is done by interview, observation, and documentation. Data analysis is done by reducing data, then presenting data, and finally from the compiled data conclusions are drawn. Checking the validity of the data is done with credibility which includes Triangulation, peer checking, extension of observation time, increasing perseverance.The results of the analysis show that the curriculum management implemented by p Madrasah Murottilil Qur'an Al-Rifa'ie 2 At the planning stage, the process carried out was planning the implementation time, the learning program, making the academic calendar, and how the evaluation was held. At the implementation stage, it starts with a new santri test, conducts learning and conducts an ascension test. The evaluation process is carried out at least 2x in one month, and 1 and after one semester.

New models of breast and lung cancer bone metastases for preclinical efficacy testing

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari I. Suominen ◽  
Urs B. Hagemann ◽  
Yvonne Konkol ◽  
Jenni Bernoulli ◽  
Katja M. Fagerlund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Bone Metastases ◽  
New Models ◽  
Preclinical Efficacy

Preclinical efficacy of PF-04942847, a novel HSP90 inhibitor, in osteosarcoma

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Lamoureux ◽  
Marc Baud'Huin ◽  
Benjamin Ory ◽  
Dominique Heymann ◽  
Francoise Redini
Keyword(s):  
Hsp90 Inhibitor ◽  
Preclinical Efficacy
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