Revisiting the Tams1-encoding gene as a species-specific target for the molecular detection of Theileria annulata in bovine blood samples

This study was designed to detect equine piroplasmosis using the molecular technique in Al-Najaf province during the season that showed an increment in tick activities. Blood samples were collected from 110 horses with more than two signs of piroplasmosis. After DNA extraction, the product was examined by a polymerase chain reaction to amplify 18SrRNA. The results showed that the overall percentage of equine theileriosis was 38.18%. According to gender, the percentage of infection was 43.48% and 29.27% in females and males, respectively. Significant variations appeared between infected horses according to age, and the percentage of infection was 50% and 35.22% in less than 2 years and more than 2 years age, respectively. Moreover, the percentage of infection was 62.5% and 19.35% in animals with and without acariasis, respectively. Significant variations were also seen in equine theileriosis according to geographical areas, and the higher percentage was reported in Hera district (60.87%), while the lowest percentage was in the center of Al-Najaf (21.43%). This difference may be due to different distribution of vector of disease (tick), which may be the availability of the suitable weather that helped in the multiplication of the intermediate vectors. In conclusion, this study proved the variations in the occurrences of equine piroplasmosis according to gender, age, and geographical areas.

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Interlaboratory Study of Blood Selenium Determinations

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/70.4.664 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 664-667

Author(s):

Tee-Siaw Koh

Keyword(s):

Hydride Generation ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

Bovine Blood ◽

Blood Samples ◽

X Ray ◽

Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

Coefficients Of Variation ◽

The Mean ◽

Se Deficiency

Abstract Fifty-one laboratories from 14 countries participated in a survey on the determination of selenium (Se) in 8 bovine blood samples with Se concentrations ranging from 0.2 μmol/L (0.016 μg/mL) to 14 μmol/L (1.1 μg/mL). The methods used (and the percentage of participants using each method) were fiuorometry (61), hydride-generation atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) (23), graphitefurnace AAS (6), gas chromatography (4), neutron activation analysis (4), and X-ray fiuorometry (2). There was little difference in the mean Se results obtained by fiuorometry or hydride-generation AAS (P > 0.05). Mean intralaboratory coefficients of variation (CVs) from known replicates ranged from 4 to 14% for all samples. Interlaboratory CVs were related to blood Se concentration and increased to 55% at Se levels below 0.4 μmol/L (0.032 μg/mL). Laboratories that used quality control (QC) schemes had lower interlaboratory CVs than those that did not, but the advantage began to diminish at blood Se concentration below 0.4 μmol/L (0.032 μg/mL). The high interlaboratory CVs, coupled with the false assurance from the low intralaboratory CVs and the ineffectiveness of the QC schemes at blood Se concentrations below 0.4 μmol/L (0.032 μg/mL), are of concern in diagnosis of marginal Se deficiency in livestock where the concentrations of interest are in the range 0.15-0.5 μmol/L (0.012-0.039 μg/mL).

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Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase C subunit III (cox3) gene as a sensitive and specific target for molecular detection of Babesia gibsoni infection in dogs

Experimental Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.exppara.2019.107771 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 206 ◽

pp. 107771

Author(s):

Aishwarya A. Betgiri ◽

Sameer N. Jadhav ◽

Mrunalini Pawde ◽

Anurag Shukla ◽

Chandrashekhar Mote ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cytochrome Oxidase ◽

Molecular Detection ◽

Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽

Babesia Gibsoni ◽

Specific Target ◽

C Subunit ◽

Subunit Iii ◽

Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase

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Molecular Analysis of Canine Filaria and Its Wolbachia Endosymbionts in Domestic Dogs Collected from Two Animal University Hospitals in Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens8030114 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 114 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Hathaithip Satjawongvanit ◽

Atchara Phumee ◽

Sonthaya Tiawsirisup ◽

Sivapong Sungpradit ◽

Narisa Brownell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Detection ◽

Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Domestic Dogs ◽

Metropolitan Region ◽

World Health ◽

University Hospitals ◽

Effective Prevention ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Filarial Nematodes

Canine filariasis is caused by several nematode species, such as Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens, Brugia pahangi, Brugia malayi, and Acanthocheilonema reconditum. Zoonotic filariasis is one of the world’s neglected tropical diseases. Since 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) has promoted a global filarial eradication program to eliminate filariasis by 2020. Apart from vector control strategies, the infection control of reservoir hosts is necessary for more effective filariasis control. In addition, many studies have reported that Wolbachia is necessary for the development, reproduction, and survival of the filarial nematode. Consequently, the use of antibiotics to kill Wolbachia in nematodes has now become an alternative strategy to control filariasis. Previously, a case of subconjunctival dirofilariasis caused by Dirofilaria spp. has been reported in a woman who resides in the center of Bangkok, Thailand. Therefore, our study aimed to principally demonstrate the presence of filarial nematodes and Wolbachia bacteria in blood collected from domestic dogs from the Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand. A total of 57 blood samples from dogs with suspected dirofilariasis who had visited veterinary clinics in Bangkok were collected. The investigations for the presence of microfilaria were carried out by using both microscopic and molecular examinations. PCR was used as the molecular detection method for the filarial nematodes based on the COI and ITS1 regions. The demonstration of Wolbachia was performed using PCR to amplify the FtsZ gene. All positive samples by PCR were then cloned and sequenced. The results showed that the filarial nematodes were detected in 16 samples (28.07%) using microscopic examinations. The molecular detection of filarial species using COI-PCR revealed that 50 samples (87.72%) were positive; these consisted of 33 (57.89%), 13 (22.81%), and 4 (7.02%) samples for D. immitis, B. pahangi, and B. malayi, respectively. While the ITS1-PCR showed that 41 samples (71.93%) were positive—30 samples (52.63%) were identified as containing D. immitis and 11 samples (19.30%) were identified to have B. pahangi, whereas B. malayi was not detected. Forty-seven samples (82.45%) were positive for Wolbachia DNA and the phylogenetic tree of all positive Wolbachia was classified into the supergroup C clade. This study has established fundamental data on filariasis associated with Wolbachia infection in domestic dogs in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region. An extensive survey of dog blood samples would provide valuable epidemiologic data on potential zoonotic filariasis in Thailand. In addition, this information could be used for the future development of more effective prevention and control strategies for canine filariasis in Thailand.

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Molecular detection of feline arthropod-borne pathogens in cats in Cuiabá, state of Mato Grosso, central-western region of Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612013000300011 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 385-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Natasha Gandolfi Miceli ◽

Fernando Antonio Gavioli ◽

Luiz Ricardo Gonçalves ◽

Marcos Rogério André ◽

Valéria Régia Franco Sousa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Detection ◽

Western Region ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Animal Shelters ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Cytauxzoon Felis ◽

The City ◽

Veterinary Hospital

Hemotrophic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas), Bartonellasp., Hepatozoon sp. and Cytauxzoon felis are prominent pathogens that circulate between cats and invertebrate hosts. The present study aimed to detect the presence of DNA from hemoplasmas,Bartonella sp., Hepatozoon sp. andCytauxzoon felis, and then confirm it by means of sequencing, in blood samples from cats in Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. From February 2009 to February 2011, blood samples with added EDTA were collected from 163 cats that were being housed in four different animal shelters in the city of Cuiabá, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil and from 15 cats that were admitted to the veterinary hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT). Out of the 178 cats sampled, 15 (8.4%) were positive for hemoplasmas: four (2.2%) forMycoplasma haemofelis, 12 (6.7%) for ‘Candidatus M. haemominutum’ and one (0.5%) for ‘Candidatus M. turicensis’. One cat (0.5%), a patient that was attended at the veterinary hospital, was coinfected with M. haemofelis, ‘Candidatus M. haemominutum’ and ‘Candidatus M. turicensis’, based on sequencing confirmation. Four cats were positive for Bartonella spp.: three (1.7%) for B. henselae and one (0.5%) for B. clarridgeiae. None of the animals showedCytauxzoon sp. or Hepatozoon sp. DNA in their blood samples. This study showed that cats housed in animal shelters in the city of Cuiabá, state of Mato Grosso, are exposed to hemoplasmas andBartonella species.

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Molecular detection and prevalence of feline hemotropic mycoplasmas in Istanbul, Turkey

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.1515/ap-2016-0022 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Handan Cetinkaya ◽

Damla Haktanir ◽

Seckin Arun ◽

Cem Vurusaner

Keyword(s):

Molecular Detection ◽

Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽

Common Species ◽

Mycoplasma Species ◽

Pcr Assay ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Total Prevalence ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

First Time ◽

Candidatus Mycoplasma Turicensis

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate Mycoplasma spp. species in blood samples of the domestic cats from the province of Istanbul, Turkey. Three hundred eighty four blood samples of client-owned cats were used for the identification of Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (CMhm) and Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis (CMt) by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) assays. Out of 384 blood samples, 74 (19.3%) were positive for one of Mycoplasma species. The total prevalence of Mhf, CMhm and CMt infections was 9.9%, 17.7% and 0.8% respectively. The most common species was CMhm. Co-infections were mostly with Mhf/CMhm and the frequency was 8.1%. Two cats were infected with three species. The current study was the first molecular prevalence study of hemotropic mycoplasmas in Istanbul, reporting the presence of CMt for the first time in Turkey. Prevalence of feline mycoplasma was notably high in Istanbul and PCR assay could be preferred rather than the microscopic examination for the diagnosis.

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