26-week repeated oral dose toxicity study of UP446, a combination of defined extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis and Acacia catechu, in beagle dogs

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 66-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesfin Yimam ◽  
Young Chul Lee ◽  
Qi Jia
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Acacia Catechu

90-Day oral toxicity study of UP446, a combination of defined extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis and Acacia catechu, in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 1202-1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesfin Yimam ◽  
Yuan Zhao ◽  
Wenwen Ma ◽  
Qi Jia ◽  
Seon-Gil Do ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scutellaria Baicalensis ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Acacia Catechu

scholarly journals Assessment of General Toxicity of the Glycyrrhiza New Variety Extract in Rats

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1126
Author(s):  
Dong-Gu Kim ◽  
Jeonghoon Lee ◽  
Wonnam Kim ◽  
Hyo-Jin An ◽  
Jong-Hyun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
New Variety ◽  
General Toxicity ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Tract Infections

The Glycyrrhiza radix (Licorice) is one of the most commonly used medicinal plants in Asian countries, such as China, India, and Korea. It has been traditionally used to treat many diseases, including cough, cold, asthma, fatigue, gastritis, and respiratory tract infections. A Glycyrrhiza new variety, Wongam (WG), has been developed by the Korea Rural Development Administration and revealed pharmacological effects. However, the potential adverse effects of WG have not been revealed yet. This study evaluates the general toxicity of the WG extract through a single and repeated oral dose toxicity study in Sprague-Dawley rats. After single oral dose administration, no significant toxicological changes or mortality was observed up to 5000 mg/kg. Over a 4-week repeated oral dose toxicity study, no adverse effects and target organs were observed up to 5000 mg/kg/day. Over a 13-week repeated oral dose toxicity study, no mortality or toxicological changes involving ophthalmology, water consumption, or hematology were observed up to 5000 mg/kg/day. Although other parameters were changed, the alterations in question were not considered toxicologically significant, since responses remained within normal ranges and were not dose-dependent. In conclusion, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of WG was higher than 5000 mg/kg/day, and no target organs were identified in rats.

scholarly journals Cartilage Protection and Analgesic Activity of a Botanical Composition Comprised ofMorus alba,Scutellaria baicalensis, andAcacia catechu

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesfin Yimam ◽  
Teresa Horm ◽  
Laura Wright ◽  
Ping Jiao ◽  
Mei Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
Acacia Catechu

Although there have been augmented advances in drug discovery, current OA management is inadequate due to the lack of successful therapies proven to be effective in modifying disease progression. For some, the risk outweighs the benefit. As a result, there is a desperate need for safe and efficacious natural alternatives. Here we evaluated a composition fromMorus alba,Scutellaria baicalensis, andAcacia catechuin maintaining joint structural integrity and alleviating OA associated symptoms in monoiodoacetate- (MIA-) induced rat OA disease model. Study lasted for 6 weeks. 59.6%, 64.6%, 70.7%, 69.9%, and 70.3% reductions in pain sensitivity were observed for rats treated with the composition from week 1 to week 5, respectively. Statistically significant improvements in articular cartilage matrix integrity (maintained at 57.1% versus MIA + vehicle treated rats) were shown from the modified total Mankin score for animals treated with the composition. The composition showed a statistically significant reduction in uCTX-II level (54.1% reductions). The merit of combining these botanicals was also demonstrated in their synergistic analgesic activity. Therefore, the standardized blend ofMorus alba,Scutellaria baicalensis, andAcacia catechucould potentially be considered as an alternative remedy from natural sources for the management of OA and/or its associated symptoms.

Acute and subacute (20-d) oral dose toxicity study of modified fluoroquinolone compound 6C in BALB/c mice

Toxin Reviews ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Faisal Khasawneh ◽  
Kamal Abdelhameed Al-Hadidi ◽  
Talal Ahmad Aburjai ◽  
Fatimah Noory Obeidat
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Toxicity Study

Unequal Absorption of Radiolabeled and Nonradiolabeled Drug from the Oral Dose Leads to Incorrect Estimates of Drug Absorption and Circulating Metabolites in a Mass Balance Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Ryan H. Takahashi ◽  
Jae H. Chang ◽  
Jodie Pang ◽  
Xiaorong Liang ◽  
Shuguang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Drug ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Balance Study ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Mass Balance Study

Background: Mass balance studies conducted using radiolabeled material (14C or 3H) definitively characterize the Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion (AME) of a drug. A critical aspect of these studies is that the radiotracer maintains its proportion to total drug from its administration to its complete elimination from the body. In the study of GDC-0276 in beagle dogs, we observed that the 14C radiotracer proportion (specific activity) varied through the study. Method: High resolution-accurate mass spectrometric measurements of 12C and 14C isotopes of GDC- 0276 and its metabolites in plasma and excreta samples were used to determine the apparent specific activities, which were higher than the specific activity of the dosing formulation. Drug concentrations were adjusted to the observed specific activities to correct the readouts for GDC-0276 AME and PK. Results: The enrichment of 14C, which resulted in higher specific activities, was consistent with faster and more extensive absorption of the radiotracer from the dosing formulation. This resulted in overestimating the dose absorbed, the extent of elimination in urine and bile, and the exposures to circulating metabolites. These biases were corrected by the specific activities determined for study samples by mass spectrometry. Conclusion: Assuming that the radiotracer was proportional to total drug throughout a radiolabeled study was not valid in a 14C study in beagle dogs. This presumably resulted from unequal absorption of the radiotracer and nonradiolabeled test articles from the oral dose due to inequivalent solid forms. We were able to provide a more accurate description of the AME of GDC-0276 in dogs by characterizing the differential absorption of the radiotracer.

Spontaneous Disseminated Panarteritis in Laboratory Beagle Dogs in a Toxicity Study: A Possible Genetic Predilection

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (1_part_2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zadok Ruben ◽  
Paul Deslex ◽  
Gary Nash ◽  
Ninfa I. Redmond ◽  
Michel Poncet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Larva Migrans ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Internal Elastic Lamina ◽  
Cellular Inflammation ◽  
Round Worm ◽  
Nuclear Cell

Disseminated panarteritis was found in 16 (9 males and 7 females) of 49 laboratory beagle dogs (25 males and 24 females) from one breeding kennel. The dogs had been used in a 6-month oral toxicity study. Panarteritis was not associated with clinical or gross abnormalities. The incidence was similar in the control and test article-treated groups. Mainly medium-sized arteries throughout the body, particularly intercostal arteries (at their aortic origin), and coronary, epididymal and thymic vessels were affected. Chronic mono-nuclear-cell periarteritis was the predominant feature. Mixed cellular inflammation of the wall, proliferation or degeneration of muscle cells, focal “fibrinoid” material in the tunica media, fragmented internal elastic lamina and intimal thickening associated with myointimal cellular proliferation also occurred. These histologic changes are compatible with those of immune arteritis. Round worm intestinal infestation and granulomas of visceral larva migrans were common in several organs. Statistical analyses suggested that the pedigree of dogs is related to panarteritis, but the presence or absence of parasitization alone is not. The possible roles of genetic predilection and/or parasites in the pathogenesis are discussed. This panarteritis is spontaneous and may complicate the interpretation of lesions in toxicity studies.

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