Dietary exposure to cadmium at close to the current provisional tolerable weekly intake does not affect renal function among female Japanese farmers

2004 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyogo Horiguchi ◽  
Etsuko Oguma ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki ◽  
Kayoko Miyamoto ◽  
Yoko Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Weekly Intake ◽  
Tolerable Weekly Intake

scholarly journals Cadmium, environmental exposure, and health outcomes

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 2587-2602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soisungwan Satarug ◽  
Scott H. Garrett ◽  
Mary Ann Sens ◽  
Donald A. Sens
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Weekly Intake ◽  
Intake Level ◽  
Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Calcium Iron

We provide an update of the issues surrounding health risk assessment of exposure to cadmium in food. Bioavailability of ingested cadmium has been confirmed in studies of persons with elevated dietary exposure, and the findings have been strengthened by the substantial amounts of cadmium accumulated in kidneys, eyes, and other tissues and organs of environmentally exposed individuals. We hypothesized that such accumulation results from the efficient absorption and systemic transport of cadmium, employing multiple transporters that are used for the body's acquisition of calcium, iron, zinc, and manganese. Adverse effects of cadmium on kidney and bone have been observed in environmentally exposed populations at frequencies higher than those predicted from models of exposure. Population data raise concerns about the validity of the current safe intake level that uses the kidney as the sole target in assessing the health risk from ingested cadmium. The data also question the validity of incorporating the default 5% absorption rate in the threshold-type risk assessment model, known as the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI), to derive a safe intake level for cadmium.

Free-range eggs from a very polluted site in central Italy: levels of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins/Furans and Polychlorinated Biphenyls and estimated human dietary exposure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Castellani ◽  
Lamberto Manzoli ◽  
Cecilia Acuti Martellucci ◽  
Maria Elena Flacco ◽  
Maria Luisa Astolfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Weekly Intake ◽  
Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Commission Regulation ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
A Site

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the contamination levels of some classes of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in free-range hen eggs and to estimate the related human dietary exposure in a Site of National Interest (SNI), characterized by a serious state of environmental pollution (Bussi sul Tirino area, central Italy). For these purposes, 17 samples of free-range hen eggs collected in home-producing farms located in the SNI territory were analyzed for 17 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), 12 dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) and 6 non-dioxin-like PCBs (ndl-PCBs). Dietary exposure was assessed assuming a standard consumption of eggs per week. The concentration of ∑PCDD/Fs + dl-PCBs ranged from 0.463 to 8.028 pg TEQ (Toxic Equivalent) g−1 fat, while the mean contamination level of the ∑ndl-PCBs ranged from 0.234 to 7.741 ng TEQ g−1 fat. PCDD/Fs and PCBs contamination levels were lower than maximum values established by the Commission Regulation (EU) 1259/2011, except for one sample. The estimated weekly intake (EWI), calculated in order to evaluate the contribution in terms of the monitored pollutants of the locally produced eggs to the diet, was lower than the tolerable weekly intake (TWI) established by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).

Elevation of Mercury in Human Blood from Controlled Chronic Ingestion of Methylmercury in Fish

1984 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sherlock ◽  
J. Hislop ◽  
D. Newton ◽  
G. Topping ◽  
K. Whittle
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Weekly Intake ◽  
Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Blood Mercury ◽  
Chronic Ingestion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mercury In Blood ◽  
Blood Mercury Concentration

1 The relationship between the intake of methylmercury in fish and mercury in blood has been investigated in man. 2 The intakes of methylmercury were carefully controlled and lay in the range 40 - 230 μg/day, the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake is equivalent to about 30 μg/day. 3 The results indicate that a daily intake of 1 μg methylmercury would, at equilibrium, produce a blood mercury concentration of 0.8 μg/kg. 4 There is a good close-to-linear correlation between methylmercury intake and blood mercury concentrations within the wide range of intakes employed.

scholarly journals Probabilistic Risk Analysis to Assess Dietary Exposure to Aluminum in the Taiwanese Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1099
Author(s):  
Shu-Han You ◽  
Szu-Chieh Chen ◽  
Chin-Hsin Lin ◽  
Yen-Chu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Weekly Intake ◽  
Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Parameters Uncertainty ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Probabilistic Risk

Aluminum (Al) exposure at human dietary levels raises health concerns, yet little is known about the Al exposure from the Taiwanese diet. The amount of aluminum (Al)-containing food consumption in the Taiwanese total diet is increasing, which contributes to the total diet consumption., which raises the health concerns. In this study, we aim to assess estimated weekly intake (EWI) and the percentage of provisional tolerable weekly intake (%PTWI) of the dietary exposure to Al in different age-sex groups. We also applied probabilistic risk analyses to quantify the parameters’ uncertainty by focusing on the distribution function for the Al concentration in food, consumption rate, and body weight in specific age groups. Results indicated that the EWIs declined with increasing age after 6-years old (7–12 > 13–15 > 16–18 > 19–64 > 65+). Results indicated that the EWIs gradually declined after 6-year of age. The EWIs of Al-rich food in cake + waffle, kelp, snacks, and bread contributed 20%, 17%, 17%, and 11%, respectively, to the total EWIs, corresponding with the much higher consumption rates for these four foods. The 75th percentile of EWIs for the children aged 34–6 years had a %PTWI valued at over 100%, indicating a potential risk of Al intake via dietary exposure. Our findings show that there is a concern about the consumption of Al-rich foods for children in Taiwan.

scholarly journals Concentrations of Metals in Tissues of Cockle Anadara granosa (Linnaeus, 1758) from East Java Coast, Indonesia, and Potential Risks to Human Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Agoes Soegianto ◽  
Trisnadi Widyaleksono Catur Putranto ◽  
Wahyuhani Lutfi ◽  
Firdha Nur Almirani ◽  
Arfian Rahmat Hidayat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometer ◽  
Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Weekly Intake ◽  
Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Anadara Granosa

This study reports the presence of Cd, Pb, Zn, Hg, Cu, and Cr in the cockles (Anadara granosa, Linnaeus, 1758) harvested along the East Java Coast, Indonesia. The concentrations of metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer and expressed in mg kg-1 wet weight. The concentrations of metals ranged from 0.11 to 0.82 mg kg−1 for Cd, 0.10 to 0.54 mg kg−1 for Pb, 10.22 to 19.04 mg kg−1 for Zn, 0.02 to 1.47 mg kg−1 for Hg, 1.79 to 4.76 mg kg−1 for Cu, and 1.64 to 3.79 mg kg−1 for Cr. The metal concentrations in the whole tissues of cockles were in the order Zn>Cu>Cr>Hg>Cd>Pb. The Cd and Pb levels in cockles were found to be higher than the permissible limit for human consumption according to EC and FAO; the levels of Hg exceeded the EC, Hong Kong, Australia, and Indonesia standards; and the levels of Cr exceeded the Hong Kong standard. The estimated weekly intake (EWI) of cockles indicates that the concentrations of Cd and Hg in the cockle tissues from Gresik were higher than the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI); meanwhile, the concentrations of Cr of cockles from all locations were higher than and close to the PTWI. The THQ values for Cd at Gresik, for Hg at Gresik, Surabaya, and Pasuruan, and for Cr at all locations were higher than one indicating that these metals pose potential noncarcinogenic effects to consumers. Reducing the consumption of cockles should be done in order to minimize the adverse effects of metals especially Cd, Hg, and Cr to human health.

scholarly journals Fish consumption is a safe solution to increase the intake of long-chainn-3 fatty acids

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1107-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Sioen ◽  
Stefaan De Henauw ◽  
Wim Verbeke ◽  
Frederik Verdonck ◽  
Jan L Willems ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Fatty Fish ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Weekly Intake ◽  
Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
Toxicological Risk ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractObjectivesDietary intake of long-chain (LC)n-3 PUFA in developed countries is low compared with recommendations. Fish is naturally rich in LCn-3 PUFA, but is also a dietary source of heavy metals and organic pollutants. We investigated whether the recommendation for LCn-3 PUFA could be reached through fish consumption, without exceeding the provisional tolerable weekly intake of methylmercury (MeHg) and the tolerable weekly intake (TWI) of dioxin-like compounds. Also, the contribution of margarines enriched with LCn-3 PUFA was assessed.DesignPublished nutrient and contaminant data were used in a probabilistic model to calculate the simultaneous nutrient and contaminant intake for different fish consumption scenarios.ResultsThe Belgian recommendation for EPA + DHA (0·3 % of total energy intake) can be reached by consuming fatty fish a minimum of twice a week, or by varying between lean and fatty fish a minimum of three times a week. At this fish consumption level, MeHg intake is not an issue of toxicological concern. The intake of dioxin-like compounds approximates the TWI when consuming fatty fish more than twice a week, this being a potential toxicological risk because other food items also contribute to the weekly intake of dioxin-like compounds. Use of margarine enriched with LCn-3 PUFA can help to increase LCn-3 intake, on average by 159 mg/d.ConclusionsCombination of regular fish consumption (twice a week) with important contribution of fatty fish species, in combination with regular consumption of margarine enriched with EPA + DHA, can be advised to achieve the recommendation for LCn-3 intake.

scholarly journals Six Years Monitoring of the Promising Low Grain-Cd Accumulating Rice, RD15 Cultivar Grown on Cd-contaminated Paddy Soils

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Anongnat Sriprachote ◽  
Pornthiwa Kanyawongha ◽  
Nutcharee Boonplang ◽  
Naree Phanchindawan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Level ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Weekly Intake ◽  
Polished Rice ◽  
Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Rice Consumption

The experiment was conducted on the Cd-contaminated paddy field, two of Thai rice cultivars, the prevailing KDML105 and RD15 were included together with determining grain-Cd accumulation. The results had revealed that the RD15 contained Cd in grains not only lower than KDML105 but also lower than the critical level as proposed by Codex (0.4 mg kg-1 polished rice). Thus, the RD15 was selected as the promising low grain-Cd accumulating rice cultivar, and farmers were encouraged to grow this cultivar. The grains of prevailing and promising rice cultivars were annually collected for Cd analysis. After six-years monitoring, the results revealed that the average concentration of Cd in KDML105 was 0.658 mg kg-1, which exceeded the critical level. On the other hand, the average concentration observed in RD15 (0.127 mg kg-1) was lower than the critical level. The human dietary intake of Cd through rice consumption was calculated, comparing to the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) as adopted by FAO/WHO (7 ug Cd kg-1 BW per week), the PTWI of KDML105 was far exceeded the critical level. Contrary, the RD15 had the PTWI lower than the critical level. Present results indicated that, by cultivating RD15 the promising low-grain Cd cultivar, Cd intake together with health risk of human could be reduced.

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