A study of factors affecting blood pressure andangiotensin II in newborn infants

Indirect BP measurement was obtained in the right upper arm in 219 healthy newborn infants with the Dinamap monitor and was compared with values obtained from the calf to establish normative BP values and to help establish a diagnosis of hypertension and coarctation of the aorta in the newborn. There were 174 Mexican-Americans (79.5%), 33 whites (15.0%), and 12 blacks (5.5%). The width of the BP cuff was selected to be 0.4 to 0.5 times the circumference of the extremities. Three supine position readings of BPs and heart rate were obtained from each site and were averaged for statistical analyses. Mean arm BP values (±SD) of the neonate less than 36 hours of age were 62.6±6.9/38.9± 5.7 mm Hg (48.0±6.2 mm Hg). Neonates older than 36 hours had slightly but significantly (P<.05) greater values (4 to 6 mm Hg) than did infants younger than 36 hours of age. Active neonates had values 6 to 10 mm Hg greater than quiet neonates (P<.05). BP values in the calf obtained with the same-sized cuff were almost identical with those obtained from the arm. Differences in consecutively obtained arm and calf BPs (arm values minus calf values) were 1.1±7.7 mm Hg systolic, -0.01 ± 6.2 mm Hg diastolic, and 0.9 ±6.9 mm Hg mean pressures. Mean heart rate (±SD) of neonates less than 36 hours of age was 129.4± 13.2 beats per minute and that of neonates older than 36 hours of age was 139.4± 14.1 beats per minute. These results show the following: (1) arm BPs and calf BPs using the same-sized cuff are almost identical with mean values of approximately 65/ 41 mm Hg (50 mm Hg) in neonates one to three days of age, (2) arm BP of 75/49 mm Hg (59 mm Hg) or greater is in the hypertensive range, and (3) calf BPs that are less than arm BPs by mean + 1 SD (6 to 9 mm Hg) necessitate a thorough investigation for coarctation of the aorta.

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Predictors of Blood Pressure in Iranian Women- A Narrative Review

Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.18502/ssu.v28i8.4448 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maryam Etaat ◽

Zohre Tabatabaye ◽

Samaneh Motamed Jahromi ◽

Poneh Yosefi ◽

Sadegh Sedigh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

High Stress ◽

Narrative Review ◽

Iranian Women ◽

Related Factors ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Waist Size ◽

Age Related ◽

Diet And Exercise ◽

Important Health

Introduction: hypertension is one of the most important health problems in the world and in developing countries, including Iran. The prevalence of hypertension among Iranian women is higher than men. This study aimed to investigate the predictive causes of hypertension among Iranian women. This study was a narrative review that was conducted by searching related studies and resources in databases of Google Scholar, SID, Pubmed, Magiran, Web of Science, and Scopus. Finally, 49 qualified articles were analyzed and the texts were reviewed. Based on the obtained data, the predictors of hypertension among Iranian women included the underlying factors of obesity (diet and exercise), psychosocial factors (stress, occupation and addiction) and age-related factors. Conclusion: Obesity and increased waist size had a greater role in high blood pressure in Iranian women. After obesity, age and factors affecting them, lack of exercise, high stress, occupational factors, education, and addiction can also influence high blood pressure.As a result, it can be predicted that by identifying the risk factors, hypertension can be reduced among Iranian women; by teaching the causes and methods of preventing hypertension to the Iranian women as well as screening for timely diagnose and treatment, hypertension could be decreased among Iranian women.

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Antenatal and perinatal factors influencing neonatal blood pressure: a systematic review

Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1038/s41372-021-01169-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Heike Rabe ◽

Varsha Bhatt-Mehta ◽

Stephen A. Bremner ◽

Aisling Ahluwalia ◽

Renske Mcfarlane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Perinatal Factors ◽

Smoking During Pregnancy ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Ovid Medline ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Neonatal Blood ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objective A comprehensive understanding of the factors contributing to perinatal blood pressure is vital to ensure optimal postnatal hemodynamic support. The objective of this study was to review existing literature on maternal and perinatal factors influencing blood pressure in neonates up to 3 months corrected age. Methods A systematic search of published literature in OVID Medline, OVID Embase and the COCHRANE library identified publications relating to maternal factors affecting blood pressure of neonates up to corrected age of 3 months. Summary data were extracted and compared (PROSPERO CRD42018092886). Results Of the 3683 non-duplicate publications identified, 44 were eligible for inclusion in this review. Topics elicited were sociodemographic factors, maternal health status, medications, smoking during pregnancy, and cord management at birth. Limited data were available for each factor. Results regarding the impact of these factors on neonatal blood pressure were inconsistent across studies. Conclusions There is insufficient evidence to draw definitive conclusions regarding the impact of various maternal and perinatal factors on neonatal blood pressure. Future investigations of neonatal cardiovascular therapies should account for these factors in their study design. Similarly, studies on maternal diseases and perinatal interventions should include neonatal blood pressure as part of their primary or secondary analyses.

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Using Tobit Model for Studying Factors Affecting Blood Pressure in Patients with Renal Failure

UHD Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.21928/uhdjst.v4n2y2020.pp1-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Raz Muhammad H. Karim ◽

Samira Muhamad Salh

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Renal Failure ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Regression Model ◽

Tobit Model ◽

Normal Range ◽

Truncated Data ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Censored And Truncated Data ◽

Program Version

In this study, the Tobit Model as a statistical regression model was used to study factors affecting blood pressure (BP) in patients with renal failure. The data have been collected from (300) patients in Shar Hospital in Sulaimani city. Those records contain BP rates per person in patients with renal failure as a response variable (Y) which is measured in units of millimeters of mercury (mmHg), and explanatory variables (Age [year], blood urea measured in milligram per deciliter [mg/dl], body mass index [BMI] expressed in units of kg/m2 [kilogram meter square], and Waist circumference measured by the Centimeter [cm]). The two levels of BP; high and low were taken from the patients. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was used to find the average of both levels (high and low BP). The average BP rate of those patients equal to or >93.33 mmHg only remained in the dataset. The 93.33 mmHg is a normal range of MAP equal to 12/8 mmHg normal range of BP. The others have been censored as zero value, i.e., left censored. Furthermore, the same data were truncated from below. Then, in the truncated samples, only those cases under risk of BP (greater than or equal to BP 93.33mmHg) are recorded. The others were omitted from the dataset. Then, the Tobit Model applied on censored and truncated data using a statistical program (R program) version 3.6.1. The data censored and truncated from the left side at a point equal to zero. The result shows that factors age and blood urea have significant effects on BP, while BMI and Waist circumference factors have not to affect the dependent variable(y). Furthermore, a multiple regression model was found through ordinary least Square (OLS) analysis from the same data using the Stratigraphy program version 11. The result of (OLS) shows that multiple regression analysis is not a suitable model when we have censored and truncated data, whereas the Tobit model is a proficient technique to indicate the relationship between an explanatory variable, and truncated, or censored dependent variable.

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Questions About Hypertension

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.59.1.138a ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 138-139

Author(s):

Michael D. Bailie

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Infants And Children ◽

Health Maintenance

The commentary "The Pediatrician and Hypertension"1 emphasized a most important but still much ignored aspect of health maintenance of children. I feel that two points need to be emphasized further. First, physicians measuring blood pressure in children should be aware that the three sizes of cuff normally available for newborn, infants, and children may be inadequate and could potentially lead to an overestimation of the blood pressure. This situation arises because the bladder is frequently too short and not because it is too narrow.

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Colloid Osmotic Pressure in Newborn Infants: Variations with Birth Weight, Gestational Age, Total Serum Solids, and Mean Arterial Pressure

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.68.6.814 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 814-819

Author(s):

Paul Y. K. Wu ◽

Gary Rockwell ◽

Linda Chan ◽

Shu-Mei Wang ◽

Vikram Udani

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Osmotic Pressure ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Colloid Osmotic Pressure ◽

Large For Gestational Age ◽

Total Serum ◽

Arterial Blood

Colloid osmotic pressure (COP) of blood was measured directly at birth with the Wescor membrane colloid osmometer (model 4100) in 91 appropriately grown, 11 large, and nine small for gestational age "well" newborn infants. COP correlated directly with birth weight (r = .726, P < .00001) and gestational age (r = .753, P < .00001). COP values for small for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) infants were found to fall within the 95% prediction interval with regard to birth weight and gestational age for appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants. Simultaneous measurements of COP, total serum solids, and central arterial mean blood pressure were made. The results showed that COP correlated directly with total serum solids (r = .89, P < .0001) and mean arterial blood pressure (r = .660, P < .001). Among the factors evaluated, total serum solids was the best predictor of COP.

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Badanie fizykalne stosowane przez pielęgniarki na wybranych oddziałach szpitalnych

Medycyna Rodzinna ◽

10.25121/mr.2018.21.1.16 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wioletta Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska ◽

Renata Piotrkowska ◽

Katarzyna Kwiecień-Jaguś ◽

Piotr Jarzynkowski ◽

Sandra Popiołek

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Physical Examination ◽

Work Experience ◽

The United States ◽

Arterial System ◽

System Level ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

General Physical Examination ◽

General Physical

Introduction. The history of the use of physical examination by nurses in the United States of America dates back to the 1960s. Transformation of nurses’ education and midwives in Poland also enabled the introduction of classes preparing students and nurses for physical examination. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the scope of physical examination used by nurses in selected surgical and non-surgical departments. Material and methods. The study involved 89 nurses employed in one of the hospitals in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. The study was conducted in 2017. The work involved the method of a diagnostic survey and the research tool was a questionnaire of own authorship. The results of the study were subjected to statistical analysis using the Microsoft Excel 2013 spreadsheet and the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 statistical package. Results. There are statistically significant differences in the physical examination of the general subjects (assessment of the structure and body proportions, nutritional status), as well as the measurement of breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature during hospitalization and within the head and neck and chest. Conclusions. Nurses working in surgical wards are more likely to perform general physical examination and measurement of breathing, pulse, blood pressure and body temperature during hospitalization compared to nurses from non-surgical wards. However, when admitted to the hospital, they more often assess the arterial system. Level of education and work experience in the profession are factors affecting the frequency of physical examination.

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MODELING FACTORS AFFECTING BLOOD PRESSURE AMONG SUDANESE REPRODUCTIVE WOMEN

JP Journal of Biostatistics ◽

10.17654/bs018010135 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 135-147

Author(s):

Ahmed Saied Rahama Abdallah ◽

Mohammed Omar Musa Mohammed

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Factors Affecting

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THE BLOOD PRESSURE OF NEWBORN INFANTS: INDIRECT DETERMINATION BY AN AUTOMATIC BLOOD PRESSURE RECORDER IN 20 INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.25.1.50 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 50-53

Author(s):

Robert L. Morse ◽

Gordon L. Brownell ◽

James H. Currens

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Indirect Determination ◽

Pressure Recording ◽

Automatic Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressures ◽

The Mean ◽

Blood Pressure Recording

Systolic and diastolic blood pressures have been determined in 20 infants by the use of an automatic blood pressure-recording machine. The mean systolic blood pressure was 7.1 cm Hg (range 5.8 to 9.5). The mean diastolic blood pressure was 5.2 cm Hg (range 4.2 to 6.4).

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