MRI IMAGING VS URETHROCISTOGRAPHY (UCG) FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE URETHRAL DISEASES

Glomus tumor is one of the most common temporal bone tumors. Most of them are benign and locally invasive, some are occasionally able to metastasize and have signs of malignancy. Diagnostic imaging is necessary before treatment. Computer tomography (CT) is traditionally used as a primary method of diagnosis, to recognize changes in the temporal bone. Role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in temporal bone tumor diagnosis is not definitively determined.Purpose. To assess the possibilities of computer and magnetic resonance tomography, to develop an algorithm for the application of diagnostic imaging methods in the diagnosis of glomus tumors of the temporal bone.Material and methods. The article presents the experience of diagnosing 30 patients with glomus tumors.Results. The tympanic form of the glomus tumor was observed in 11 cases (37%), tympano-yugular in 19 cases (63%). CT and MRI data totally coincided in cases of small tumors (type A and B). In the presence of extended forms CT ability of assessing bone invasion, involvement of the internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and dural sinuses was lower than the MRI.

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ACUTE HIPPOCAMPAL INFARCTIONS PRESENTING AS SUDDEN ONSET TRANSIENT MEMORY LOSS, PICKED UP BY EARLY MRI IMAGING

10.26226/morressier.58e389b3d462b8029238481a ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Lankanatha Alwis

Keyword(s):

Memory Loss ◽

Sudden Onset ◽

Mri Imaging

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SURGERY FOR RESIDUAL DISEASE AFTER RADIOTHERAPY IN LOCALLY ADVANCED CERVICAL CANCER

Problems in oncology ◽

10.37469/0507-3758-2019-65-5-721-725 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (5) ◽

pp. 721-725

Author(s):

Elmira Shakirova ◽

Andrey Panov ◽

Alevtina Akhmetzyanova ◽

Aliya Gafiullina ◽

L. Ibragimova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Residual Disease ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Residual Tumor ◽

Advanced Cervical Cancer ◽

Mri Imaging ◽

Recurrent Cervical Cancer ◽

Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer ◽

Visible Effect ◽

Adjuvant Hysterectomy

Aims: Chemoradiation (CRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). However part of the patients develop recurrence during the first year after treatment despite good visible effect at the first follow-up. The role of completion surgery after radiotherapy (RT) is still debated. A number of papers have showed that up to 60% of patients have residual tumor after CRT and RT. But such a surgery is not widely recommended because of increased morbidity of the treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the results of surgery after radiotherapy of LACC. Method: We retrospectively evaluated data on 86 patients with cervical cancer IB - IIIB stages (mostly stage IIB) who underwent surgery in different modalities after CRT and RT with good clinical response in our department in 2015-2018. Results: When small asymptomatic residual disease was detected early after radiotherapy radical hysterectomy was feasible in most of the cases. Patients with clinical manifestation of recurrence had very poor prognosis. Surgery of recurrent cervical cancer sufficiently deteriorates quality of life, even if possible. Conclusion: Thorough examination with adding MRI imaging after initial treatment of cervical cancer needed to identify patients who may benefit from adjuvant hysterectomy.

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THREE-DIMENSIONAL PLANNING OF BRACHYTHERAPY FOR LOCALLY ADVANCED CERVICAL CANCER BY CT/MRI IMAGES

Problems in oncology ◽

10.37469/0507-3758-2018-64-5-645-650 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 645-650

Author(s):

Olga Kravets ◽

Yelena Romanova ◽

Oleg Kozlov ◽

Mikhail Nechushkin ◽

A. Gavrilova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Local Control ◽

Control Volume ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Advanced Cervical Cancer ◽

3D Ct ◽

Mri Imaging ◽

Tumor Target ◽

Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer

We present our results of 3D CT/MRI brachytherapy (BT) planning in 115 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer T2b-3bN0-1M0. The aim of this study was to assess the differences in the visualization of tumor target volumes and risk organs during the 3D CT/MRI BT. The results of the study revealed that the use of MRI imaging for dosimetric planning of dose distribution for a given volume of a cervical tumor target was the best method of visualization of the soft tissue component of the tumor process in comparison with CT images, it allowed to differentially visualize the cervix and uterine body, directly the tumor volume. Mean D90 HR-CTV for MRI was 32.9 cm3 versus 45.9 cm3 for CT at the time of first BT, p = 0.0002, which is important for local control of the tumor process. The contouring of the organs of risk (bladder and rectum) through MRI images allows for more clearly visualizing the contours, which statistically significantly reduces the dose load for individual dosimetric planning in the D2cc control volume, і.є. the minimum dose of 2 cm3 of the organ of risk: D2cc for the bladder was 24.3 Gy for MRI versus 34.8 Gy on CT (p = 0.045); D2cc for the rectum - 18.7 Gy for MRI versus 26.8 Gy for CT (p = 0.046). This is a prognostically important stage in promising local control, which allows preventing manifestation of radiation damage.

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Serial Lipocalin 2 and Oncostatin M levels reflect inflammation status and treatment response in axial spondyloarthritis

Arthritis Research & Therapy ◽

10.1186/s13075-021-02521-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Florence W. L. Tsui ◽

Aifeng Lin ◽

Ismail Sari ◽

Zhenbo Zhang ◽

Hing Wo Tsui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Back Pain ◽

Treatment Response ◽

Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽

Objective Assessment ◽

Joint Inflammation ◽

Oncostatin M ◽

Lipocalin 2 ◽

Mri Imaging ◽

Treatment Responses ◽

Transient Elevation

Abstract Background Informative serum biomarkers for monitoring inflammatory activity and treatment responses in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) are lacking. We assessed whether Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) and Oncostatin M (OSM), both having roles in inflammation and bone remodeling, may accurately reflect chronic joint inflammation and treatment response in axSpA. Previous reports in animal models showed involvement of LCN2 and OSM in joint/gut inflammation. We asked whether they also play a role in human axSpA. Methods We analyzed a longitudinal observational axSpA cohort (286 patients) with yearly clinical assessments and concurrent measurements of serum LCN2 and OSM (1204 serum samples) for a mean of 4 years. Biomarker levels were correlated with MRI scoring and treatment response. Results Persistent and transient elevation of LCN2 and OSM were observed in axSpA patients. Persistent elevation of LCN2 or OSM, but not CRP, correlated with sacroiliac joint (SIJ) MRI SPARCC scores (Pearson’s correlation p = 0.0005 and 0.005 for LCN2 and OSM respectively), suggesting that LCN2/OSM outperforms CRP as reflective of SIJ inflammation. We observed both concordant and discordant patterns of LCN2 and OSM in relationship to back pain, the cardinal clinical symptom in axSpA. Twenty-six percent (73/286) of the patients remained both clinically and serologically active (CASA). Sixty percent (173/286) of the patients became clinically quiescent, with back pain resolved, but 53% (92/173) of them were serologically active (CQSA), indicating that pain control may not indicate control of joint inflammation, as reflected by positive MRI imaging of SIJ. With respect to treatment responses, transient elevation of LCN2 or OSM over time was predictive of better response to all treatments. Conclusion In axSpA, persistent LCN2 and/or OSM elevation reflects chronic SIJ inflammation and suboptimal treatment response. In our cohort, half of the currently deemed clinically quiescent patients with back pain resolved continued to demonstrate chronic joint inflammation. LCN2 and OSM profiling outperforms CRP as a predictive measure and provides an objective assessment of chronic local inflammation in axSpA patients.

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The Role of Serum 5-HIAA as a Predictor of Progression and an Alternative to 24-h Urine 5-HIAA in Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10020076 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 76

Author(s):

Maria Wedin ◽

Sagar Mehta ◽

Jenny Angerås-Kraftling ◽

Göran Wallin ◽

Kosmas Daskalakis

Keyword(s):

Liver Tumor ◽

Disease Surveillance ◽

Tumor Burden ◽

Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽

Mri Imaging ◽

Exact Test ◽

Recist 1.1 ◽

Tumor Involvement ◽

Well Differentiated ◽

Disease Stages

Our aim was to investigate the clinical utility of serum 5HIAA for disease surveillance and diagnostic purposes in a cohort of patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms (WD-NENs). Forty-eight patients with WD-NENs and concurrent serum and urinary 5HIAA testing, as well as CT/MRI imaging, were included. Analysis of matching-pairs did not reveal any association between RECIST 1.1 responses and changes in serum 5HIAA levels (p = 0.673). In addition, no correlation was evident between RECIST 1.1 responses and >10%, >25% or >50% changes in serum 5HIAA levels (Fisher’s exact test p = 0.380, p > 0.999, and p > 0.999, respectively). The presence of liver metastases and extensive liver tumor involvement were associated with higher serum 5HIAA levels (p = 0.045 and p = 0.041, respectively). We also confirmed a strong linear correlation between the measurements of serum and urine 5HIAA (n = 24, r = 0.791, p < 0.0001). The concordance rate of serum and urinary 5HIAA positivity at standardized laboratory cut-offs was 75%. In patients with normal renal function tests, the concordance between the two methods was as high as 89%, and a sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 88.9%, respectively, was evident (Cohen’s kappa coefficient = 0.685). In conclusion, serum 5HIAA performs well compared to urinary testing for diagnostic purposes, mainly in advanced disease stages, and corresponds well to liver tumor burden. However, it is not adequate to predict tumor progression.

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Assessment and Prediction of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: A Comparison of Imaging Modalities and Future Perspectives

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13143521 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 3521

Author(s):

Valeria Romeo ◽

Giuseppe Accardo ◽

Teresa Perillo ◽

Luca Basso ◽

Nunzia Garbino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽

Tumor Response ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Locally Advanced Breast Cancer ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Complete Response ◽

Mri Imaging ◽

Future Perspectives ◽

Advanced Imaging

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is becoming the standard of care for locally advanced breast cancer, aiming to reduce tumor size before surgery. Unfortunately, less than 30% of patients generally achieve a pathological complete response and approximately 5% of patients show disease progression while receiving NAC. Accurate assessment of the response to NAC is crucial for subsequent surgical planning. Furthermore, early prediction of tumor response could avoid patients being overtreated with useless chemotherapy sections, which are not free from side effects and psychological implications. In this review, we first analyze and compare the accuracy of conventional and advanced imaging techniques as well as discuss the application of artificial intelligence tools in the assessment of tumor response after NAC. Thereafter, the role of advanced imaging techniques, such as MRI, nuclear medicine, and new hybrid PET/MRI imaging in the prediction of the response to NAC is described in the second part of the review. Finally, future perspectives in NAC response prediction, represented by AI applications, are discussed.

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Biocompatibility of Bacterial Magnetosomes as MRI Contrast Agent: A Long-Term In Vivo Follow-Up Study

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11051235 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1235

Author(s):

Xiaohui Nan ◽

Wenjia Lai ◽

Dan Li ◽

Jiesheng Tian ◽

Zhiyuan Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contrast Agent ◽

Magnetic Domain ◽

Bilayer Membrane ◽

The Body ◽

Mri Contrast Agent ◽

Mri Imaging ◽

Mri Contrast

Derived from magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), magnetosomes consist of magnetite crystals enclosed within a lipid bilayer membrane and are known to possess advantages over artificially synthesized nanoparticles because of the narrow size distribution, uniform morphology, high purity and crystallinity, single magnetic domain, good biocompatibility, and easy surface modification. These unique properties have increasingly attracted researchers to apply bacterial magnetosomes (BMs) in the fields of biology and medicine as MRI imaging contrast agents. Due to the concern of biosafety, a long-term follow-up of the distribution and clearance of BMs after entering the body is necessary. In this study, we tracked changes of BMs in major organs of mice up to 135 days after intravenous injection using a combination of several techniques. We not only confirmed the liver as the well-known targeted organs of BMs, but also found that BMs accumulated in the spleen. Besides, two major elimination paths, as well as the approximate length of time for BMs to be cleared from the mice, were revealed. Together, the results not only confirm that BMs have high biocompatibility, but also provide a long-term in-vivo assessment which may further help to forward the clinical applications of BMs as an MRI contrast agent.

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Imaging features of hemangioma in long tubular bones

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12891-020-03882-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lei Cao ◽

Jin-Xu Wen ◽

Shu-Man Han ◽

Hui-Zhao Wu ◽

Zhi-Gang Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Plain Radiograph ◽

Ground Glass Opacity ◽

Plain Radiography ◽

Long Bone ◽

Imaging Features ◽

Mri Imaging ◽

Soft Tissue Density ◽

Tissue Density ◽

Hyperintense Signal

Abstract Background To investigate the imaging features of hemangiomas in long tabular bones for better diagnosis. Methods Twenty-four patients with long bone hemangiomas confirmed by pathology were enrolled. Nineteen patients had plain radiography, fourteen patients had computed tomography (CT) and eleven had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The hemangioma was divided into medullary [13], periosteal [6] and intracortical type [5]. Results Among 19 patients with plain radiography, eleven patients were medullary, three periosteal, and five intracortical. In the medullary type, the lesion was primarily osteolytic, including five cases with irregular and unclear rims and one lesion having osteosclerotic and unclear rims. In three patients with the periosteal type, the lesion had clear rims with involvement of the cortical bone in the form of bone defect, including two cases with local thickened bone periosteum and one case having expansile periosteum. Five intracortical hemangiomas had intracortical osteolytic lesions with clear margins. Among 14 patients with CT imaging, 8 cases were medullary, three periosteal, and three intracortical. Among 8 medullary hemangiomas, one had ground glass opacity, and seven had osteolytic, expansile lesions like soft tissue density with no calcification. In three periosteal cases, the lesion was osteolytic with thickened periosteum and narrowed medullary cavity. In three intracortical hemangiomas, the lesion was of even soft tissue density with no calcification. Among 11 patients with MRI imaging, seven were medullary, two periosteal, and two intracortical. Among 7 medullary lesions, six were of hypointense signal on T1WI and hyperintensesignal on T2 WI. In two periosteal cases, the periosteum was thickened, with one case being of equal signal, and the other having no signal. Two intracortical hemangiomas were both of slightly low signal on T1WI but hyperintense signal on T2WI. Conclusions The long bone hemangiomas had characteristic cystic honeycomb-like presentations in plain radiograph. CT and MRI imagings are helpful for diagnosis of hemangiomas in long bone.

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