In vivo basal and amphetamine-induced striatal dopamine and metabolite levels are similar in the spontaneously hypertensive, Wistar–Kyoto and Sprague–Dawley male rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry A Ferguson ◽  
Bobby J Gough ◽  
Amy M Cada
Keyword(s):  
Striatal Dopamine ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

Normoprolactinaemia in spontaneously hypertensive rats: absence of a close relationship between plasma concentrations of prolactin and systolic blood pressure

1990 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Aguilar ◽  
M. L. Rodríguez-Padilla ◽  
L. Pinilla
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

ABSTRACT Prolactin has been involved in different types of hypertension both in man and in rats. In an attempt to substantiate this hypothesis, we have analysed the correlation between plasma concentrations of prolactin and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in female and male rats from spontaneously hypertensive (SH) and normotensive Wistar–Kyoto strains (30, 60 and 90 days old), as well as in adult female Wistar rats rendered hyperprolactinaemic by the administration of 100 μg testosterone propionate on day 1 of life, or adult males with low plasma concentrations of prolactin after administration of bromocriptine (4 mg/kg per day) over 15 days. Our results indicate a lack of correlation between plasma concentrations of prolactin and SBP since plasma concentrations of prolactin were normal in male and female SH rats and hyper- and hypoprolactinaemia did not affect SBP. In spite of these normal plasma concentrations of prolactin, SH rats showed subtle changes in the secretion of this hormone in vitro and in vivo in response to exogenous serotonin administration and to immobilization. Journal of Endocrinology (1990) 125, 359–364

Depressor effect of diabetes in the spontaneously hypertensive rat: associated changes in heart performance

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1177-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Systolic Arterial Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Stroke Work ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Heart Size ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

Effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes (8 weeks) on the performance of perfused hearts from spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats were compared with effects on normotensive Wistar–Kyoto (WK) and Sprague–Dawley (SD) rat hearts. Diabetes markedly decreased systolic arterial pressure (SAP) of SH rats in vivo but did not affect SAP of either of the normotensive strains. Diabetes also reduced heart size of SH and normotensive rats and reversed absolute left ventricular hypertrophy (wall-to-lumen ratios and left-to-right ventricular weight ratios) of SH rats. Heart perfusion at the end of the 8-week period revealed that diabetes (i) reduced hydraulic work at high pressure loads and efficiency of contraction (work/μ.LO2 consumed) of SH rat hearts but not of WK or SD hearts, and (ii) depressed left ventricular pulse pressure development (LVPP) and contractility (LV + dP/dt) of SH hearts more extensively than it reduced these variables in either of the normotensive control groups. Effects of diabetes which were similar in hypertensive and normotensive hearts were reductions in stroke work at high volume loads and depressions in LV−dP/dt. Attendant hypothyroidism probably contributed to the reductions in SAP, heart size, LVPP, LV+ and −dP/dt, and stroke work but not to the decreased efficiency or reversal of hypertrophy of SH rat hearts. Malnutrition of SH rats, like hypothyroidism, also decreased heart size without reversing hypertrophy but had no effect on SAP and only reduced LV−dP/dt. The results show that diabetes reversed hypertrophy and selectively reduced contraction efficiency, contractility, and LVPP of SH hearts, but otherwise the effects of diabetes in hypertensive and normotensive rat strains were similar to each other. The possible contribution of hypothyroidism to the observed effects of diabetes in SH rats remains to be clarified.

Systemic hemodynamic effects of microspheres in conscious rats

1977 ◽  
Vol 233 (5) ◽  
pp. H617-H621 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tsuchiya ◽  
G. M. Walsh ◽  
E. D. Frohlich
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Hemodynamic Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Systemic Hemodynamic ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Content Difference ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

The effect of increasing quantities of carbonized microspheres (15 +/- 5 micrometer diam) on systemic hemodynamics was evaluated in 21 Sprague-Dawley, 6 normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY), and 8 spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) male rats. Total cumulative injections of more than 100,000 microspheres produced significant systemic hemodynamic alterations manifested by decreased oxygen consumption, cardiac output, and mean arterial pressure; and by increased heart rate, total peripheral resistance, and arterial-venous blood oxygen content difference. There were no hemodynamic alterations characteristic of any rat species, and reproducibility of three separate injections of 20,000 microspheres in each rat was excellent.

Microvascular responses to norepinephrine in renovascular and spontaneously hypertensive rats

1979 ◽  
Vol 236 (4) ◽  
pp. H545-H548 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Wiegman ◽  
I. G. Joshua ◽  
R. J. Morff ◽  
P. D. Harris ◽  
F. N. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Cremaster Muscle ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Small Artery ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Small Vein ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

Closed-circuit television microscopy was used to quantitate the responses of in vivo small arteries (50-140 micrometer diam) and veins (95-265 micrometer) to topically applied norepinephrine in the cremaster muscle of four groups of urethan-chloralose anesthetized rats. The rat groups were: Sprague-Dawley control (SDC), Sprague-Dawley renovascular hypertensive (RVH), Wistar-Kyoto control (WKY), and spontaneous hypertensive (SHR). The cremaster muscle with intact circulation and innervation was suspended by sutures in a 60-ml bath of bicarbonate-buffered Krebs solution. The vascular responses to the addition of progressively higher concentrations of norepinephrine to the bath were quantitated to obtain concentration-response curves. We found that the RVH (vs. SDC) had a decreased small-artery control diameter and decreased sensitivity to norepinephrine, whereas the SHR (vs. WKY) had tachycardia and decreased small-vein control diameter. Thus, the microvascular characteristics of these two types of hypertension appear to be quite different.

scholarly journals Stamina-Enhancing Effects of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 096368972110354
Author(s):  
Eun-Jung Yoon ◽  
Hye Rim Seong ◽  
Jangbeen Kyung ◽  
Dajeong Kim ◽  
Sangryong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Serum Triglycerides

Stamina-enhancing effects of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) were investigated in young Sprague-Dawley rats. Ten-day-old male rats were transplanted intravenously (IV) or intracerebroventricularly (ICV) with hADSCs (1 × 106 cells/rat), and physical activity was measured by locomotor activity and rota-rod performance at post-natal day (PND) 14, 20, 30, and 40, as well as a forced swimming test at PND 41. hADSCs injection increased the moving time in locomotor activity, the latency in rota-rod performance, and the maximum swimming time. For the improvement of physical activity, ICV transplantation was superior to IV injection. In biochemical analyses, ICV transplantation of hADSCs markedly reduced serum creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, and muscular lipid peroxidation, the markers for muscular and hepatic injuries, despite the reduction in muscular glycogen and serum triglycerides as energy sources. Notably, hADSCs secreted brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor in vitro, and increased the level of BDNF in the brain and muscles in vivo. The results indicate that hADSCs enhance physical activity including stamina not only by attenuating tissue injury, but also by strengthening the muscles via production of BDNF.

scholarly journals Bone Regeneration Capacity of Newly Developed Uncalcined/Unsintered Hydroxyapatite and Poly-l-lactide-co-glycolide Sheet in Maxillofacial Surgery: An In Vivo Study

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Huy Xuan Ngo ◽  
Quang Ngoc Dong ◽  
Yunpeng Bai ◽  
Jingjing Sha ◽  
Shinji Ishizuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Reconstructive Surgery ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Rat Mandible

Uncalcined/unsintered hydroxyapatite and poly-l-lactide-co-glycolide (u-HA/PLLA/PGA) is a new bioresorbable nanomaterial with superior characteristics compared with current bioresorbable materials, including appropriate mechanical properties, outstanding bioactive/osteoconductive features, and remarkably shorter resorption time. Nevertheless, the bone regeneration characteristics of this nanomaterial have not been evaluated in maxillofacial reconstructive surgery. In this study, we used a rat mandible model to assess the bone regeneration ability of u-HA/PLLA/PGA material, compared with uncalcined/unsintered hydroxyapatite and poly-l-lactide acid (u-HA/PLLA) material, which has demonstrated excellent bone regenerative ability. A 4-mm-diameter defect was created at the mandibular angle area in 28 Sprague Dawley male rats. The rats were divided into three groups: u-HA/PLLA/PGA (u-HA/PLLA/PGA graft + defect), u-HA/PLLA (u-HA/PLLA graft + defect), and sham control (defect alone). At 1, 3, 8, and 16 weeks after surgeries, the rats were sacrificed and assessed by micro-computed tomography, histological analysis with hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemical analyses. The results confirmed that the accelerated bone bioactive/regenerative osteoconduction of u-HA/PLLA/PGA was comparable with that of u-HA/PLLA in the rat mandible model. Furthermore, this new regenerative nanomaterial was able to more rapidly induce bone formation in the early stage and had great potential for further clinical applications in maxillofacial reconstructive surgery.

Role of adenosine in noradrenergic neurotransmission in spontaneously hypertensive rats

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (4) ◽  
pp. H909-H918 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Vascular Responses ◽  
Rat Mesentery ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

The purpose of this study was to compare the in vivo role of adenosine as a modulator of noradrenergic neurotransmission in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto control rat (WKY). In the in situ blood-perfused rat mesentery, vascular responses to periarterial (sympathetic) nerve stimulation (PNS) and to exogenous norepinephrine (NE) were enhanced in SHR compared with WKY. In both SHR and WKY, vascular responses to PNS were more sensitive to inhibition by adenosine than were responses to NE. At matched base-line vascular responses, compared with WKY, SHR were less sensitive to the inhibitory effects of adenosine on vascular responses to PNS, but SHR and WKY were equally sensitive with respect to adenosine-induced inhibition of responses to NE. Antagonism of adenosine receptors with 1,3-dipropyl-8-p-sulfophenylxanthine shifted the dose-response curve to exogenous adenosine sixfold to the right yet did not influence vascular responses to PNS or NE in either SHR or WKY. Furthermore, PNS did not alter either arterial or mesenteric venous plasma levels of adenosine in SHR or WKY, and plasma levels of adenosine in both strains were always lower than the calculated threshold level required to attenuate neurotransmission. It is concluded that in vivo 1) exogenous adenosine interferes with noradrenergic neurotransmission in both SHR and WKY; 2) SHR are less sensitive to the inhibitory effects of exogenous adenosine on noradrenergic neurotransmission than are WKY; 3) endogenous adenosine does not play a role in modulating neurotransmission in either strain under the conditions of this study; and 4) enhanced noradrenergic neurotransmission in the SHR is not due to defective modulation of neurotransmission by adenosine.

Acute renal denervation produces a diuresis and natriuresis in young SHR but not WKY rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (4) ◽  
pp. F655-F661 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Rudd ◽  
R. S. Grippo ◽  
W. J. Arendshorst
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Renal Denervation ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Urine Flow ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Renal Vasculature ◽  
Renal Nerve ◽  
Water Excretion ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

Clearance experiments were conducted to determine the effect of acute unilateral renal denervation (DNX) on renal hemodynamics and salt and water excretion in anesthetized 6-wk-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto genetic control rats (WKY). Before DNX, SHR had higher mean arterial pressure (33%) and renal vascular resistance (RVR) (57%) and lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (10%); urine flow and sodium excretion were similar. Following DNX in SHR, sodium and water excretion increased by 138 and 62%, respectively (P less than 0.001); GFR and RVR were unchanged. In contrast, DNX in WKY did not affect urine flow (0%) or sodium excretion (-21%). These strain differences were observed in Okamoto-Aoki rats from two sources. Effective DNX was indicated by 95% reduction of norepinephrine content 3 days after DNX in both strains. Six-week-old Sprague-Dawley and Munich-Wistar rats, in contrast to WKY, responded to DNX with a natriuresis (+182%) and diuresis (+95%) (P less than 0.001). Renal function was unaffected by sham DNX in SHR. Our results indicate that efferent renal nerve activity has little tonic influence on the renal vasculature in these young rats. Augmented neurotransmitter release and/or tubular responsiveness may be involved in fluid and electrolyte retention and the pathogenesis of hypertension in SHR. Conversely, blunted renal neuroeffector responses may prevent WKY from developing hypertension.

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