Effect of morphine on caloric intake and macronutrient selection in male and female Lou/c/jall rats during ageing

2001 ◽  
Vol 122 (15) ◽  
pp. 1825-1839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Boghossian ◽  
Didier Jourdan ◽  
Matthieu Dacher ◽  
Josette Alliot
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Macronutrient Selection

Protein appetite is increased after central leptin-induced fat depletion

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (4) ◽  
pp. R1468-R1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Wiater ◽  
Bryan D. Hudson ◽  
Yvette Virgin ◽  
Sue Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Macronutrient Selection ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Nadir Point ◽  
And Control

Leptin reduces body fat selectively, sparing body protein. Accordingly, during chronic leptin administration, food intake is suppressed, and body weight is reduced until body fat is depleted. Body weight then stabilizes at this fat-depleted nadir, while food intake returns to normal caloric levels, presumably in defense of energy and nutritional homeostasis. This model of leptin treatment offers the opportunity to examine controls of food intake that are independent of leptin's actions, and provides a window for examining the nature of feeding controls in a “fatless” animal. Here we evaluate macronutrient selection during this fat-depleted phase of leptin treatment. Adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained on standard pelleted rodent chow and given daily lateral ventricular injections of leptin or vehicle solution until body weight reached the nadir point and food intake returned to normal levels. Injections were then continued for 8 days, during which rats self-selected their daily diet from separate sources of carbohydrate, protein, and fat. Macronutrient choice differed profoundly in leptin and control rats. Leptin rats exhibited a dramatic increase in protein intake, whereas controls exhibited a strong carbohydrate preference. Fat intake did not differ between groups at any time during the 8-day test. Despite these dramatic differences in macronutrient selection, total daily caloric intake did not differ between groups except on day 2. Thus controls of food intake related to ongoing metabolic and nutritional requirements may supersede the negative feedback signals related to body fat stores.

Diet selection in broiler chickens with corticosterone-induced changes in body composition

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 121-123
Author(s):  
A. Sahin ◽  
J. M. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Diet Selection ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Protein Deposition ◽  
Macronutrient Selection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Corticosterone Treatment ◽  
Induced Changes

Birds attempt to compensate for an E : P (energy: protein) imbalance by increasing their intake of protein or energy from selected foods and this is related to changes in the birds’ body composition caused by corticosterone treatment.Corticosterone injections increase fatness despite increasing nitrogen and energy excretion (Bartov, 1985). More recently corticosterone has been used to modulate macronutrient selection in rats (Devenport et al., 1991; Bligh et al., 1993; Tempel et al., 1993) and chickens (Covasa and Forbes, 1995). The intake of high protein concentrate was decreased by corticosterone treatment in young chickens but not in older chickens (Covasa and Forbes, 1995). The previous results suggest that more information on corticosterone’s effect on diet selection will be obtained by using foods which can offer a wide range of choices to compose a proper diet (Covasa and Forbes, 1995). Therefore, two experiments were conducted to detect changes in protein preference in relation to reduced protein deposition and enhanced fattening induced by corticosterone in male and female growing broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Understanding food westernisation and other contemporary drivers of adult, adolescent and child nutrition quality in urban Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (14) ◽  
pp. 2571-2583
Author(s):  
Wendy J Umberger ◽  
Jesmin A Rupa ◽  
Di Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Nutrition Quality ◽  
Daily Caloric Intake ◽  
Food Diaries

AbstractObjective:To examine the association between consumption of western foods purchased and consumed away from home and measures of nutrition quality: average daily caloric intake and macronutrient (carbohydrates, fat and protein) shares, for urban consumers in Vietnam, a country undergoing economic transition.Design:Cross-sectional observational data were collected using household surveys and 24-h food diaries. Outcome variables were individual average daily caloric intake and shares of calories from macronutrients: carbohydrates, fat and protein. The key explanatory variable was individual daily share of calories from western food purchased and consumed away from home. Ordinary least squares and multivariate regression analyses were used to examine the association between the outcome variables: caloric intake and macronutrient shares and the share of calories from western food consumed away from home.Setting:Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam.Participants:In total, 1685 households and 4997 individuals, including adults (aged $$ \ge $$ 18 years), adolescents (aged 10–17 years) and children (aged 0–9 years).Results:The share of calories from western food away from home was significantly associated with higher caloric intake among male and female adults (P < 0·01), adolescents (P < 0·01) and male children (P < 0·10) and was associated with higher shares of fat for male and female adults (P < 0·01), adolescents (P < 0·01) and male children (P < 0·01).Conclusions:Policymakers must be conscious of the numerous factors associated with poor nutrition quality, especially in younger Vietnamese individuals. Relevant interventions targeting at risk groups are required if nutrition improvement is a long-term goal.

scholarly journals Genistein during Development Alters Differentially the Expression of POMC in Male and Female Rats

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Jose Manuel Fernandez-Garcia ◽  
Beatriz Carrillo ◽  
Patricia Tezanos ◽  
Paloma Collado ◽  
Helena Pinos
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Dorsomedial Hypothalamus ◽  
Male And Female Rats

Phytoestrogens are considered beneficial for health, but some studies have shown that they may cause adverse effects. This study investigated the effects of genistein administration during the second week of life on energy metabolism and on the circuits regulating food intake. Two different genistein doses, 10 or 50 µg/g, were administered to male and female rats from postnatal day (P) 6 to P13. Physiological parameters, such as body weight and caloric intake, were then analyzed at P90. Moreover, proopiomelanocortin (POMC) expression in the arcuate nucleus (Arc) and orexin expression in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), perifornical area (PF) and lateral hypothalamus (LH) were studied. Our results showed a delay in the emergence of sex differences in the body weight in the groups with higher genistein doses. Furthermore, a significant decrease in the number of POMC-immunoreactive (POMC-ir) cells in the Arc in the two groups of females treated with genistein was observed. In contrast, no alteration in orexin expression was detected in any of the structures analyzed in either males or females. In conclusion, genistein can modulate estradiol’s programming actions on the hypothalamic feeding circuits differentially in male and female rats during development.

Amygdaloid-lesion hyperphagia: impaired response to caloric challenges and altered macronutrient selection

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (2) ◽  
pp. R485-R493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce M. King ◽  
Kirk N. Rossiter ◽  
Samuel G. Stines ◽  
Gelana M. Zaharan ◽  
Jack T. Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Macronutrient Selection ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Selection Of

Lesions of the most posterodorsal aspects of the amygdala in female rats result in hyperphagia and moderate obesity. In the present study, rats with amygdaloid lesions did not increase their daily food intake when their powdered diet was diluted with 25 or 50% nonnutritive bulk. Control animals adjusted their food intake appropriately. In a second study, rats with lesions ate less food (lab chow pellets) than controls when allowed to eat for only 1 h/day for 10 days. In experiment 3, rats were offered a three-choice macronutrient diet. Whereas four of six control animals preferred the high-fat diet, all eight of the rats with amygdaloid lesions displayed a distinct preference for the high-carbohydrate diet, including those that had preferred the high-fat diet before surgery. These results, along with the previous finding that identical lesions result in hyperinsulinemia, indicate that the amygdala is involved in both the homeostatic regulation of food (caloric) intake and the selection of macronutrients.

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