99/01358 Scrap tires as an energy source in cement manufacture

Tires provide a resource of significant interest to many utilities. Tires—and tire-derived fuel (TDF)—have a high calorific value along with other favorable fuel characteristics. At the same time they present material preparation and handling issues for fuel users. For environmental reasons, they are more difficult and costly to dispose of in landfills. In 1990, only 25 million tires or 11% of the annually generated scrap tires in the U.S. were utilized (recycled, retreaded, and burned for energy). In 1994, this number increased to 138 million tires or 55% of the annually generated scrap tires with the largest increase due to tires used for energy (101 million tires). With an estimated number between 1–3 billion tires in stockpiles throughout the United States, this potential energy source is enormous. This paper will review several commercial demonstrations of tire-derived fuel cofired with coal in industrial and utility furnaces. Included will be discussions on fuel characteristics, preparation and handling of the tire-derived fuel, methods of utilization of the cofired fuel including appropriate combustion systems (e.g., cyclone boilers, stokers, fluidized bed boilers) and environmental results of the cofiring demonstrations.

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The Utilization of Scrap Tires as an Energy Source and Its Environmental Benefit Analysis in Taiwan

Energy Sources Part B Economics Planning and Policy ◽

10.1080/15567249.2010.551825 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 333-339 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

W.-T. Tsai

Keyword(s):

Energy Source ◽

Benefit Analysis ◽

Environmental Benefit ◽

Scrap Tires

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An Alternative Fuel for Lime Industry: Evaluation the Pyrolysis of the Scrap Tires

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.591-593.206 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 591-593 ◽

pp. 206-211

Author(s):

Andréia Ramos Partata ◽

Priciane Martins Parreira ◽

Humberto Molinar Henrique ◽

Carlos Eduardo Batista Avelar

Keyword(s):

Energy Source ◽

Environmental Concern ◽

Pyrolytic Carbon ◽

Good Alternative ◽

Product Distribution ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Scrap Tire ◽

Scrap Tires ◽

Operational Conditions ◽

Pyrolytic Oil

Scrap tire is considered an environmental concern with inadequate final disposal. A good alternative can be to use the tire as an energy source. Pyrolysis is a thermal process that can transform the rubber portion of used tires into oil, gas and pyrolytic carbon. This type of carbon can be converted into carbon black (CB). The lime industry that demands great amount of energy could be one of the ways to take advantage the scrap tires adequately as energy source. This work aimed to study the operational conditions of the pyrolysis process as well as investigating the possibility to use the pyrolysis products from used tires as industrial fuel. A batch pilot-scale pyrolysis unit was built. Temperatures from 400 to 600oC and relative pressures from 0 to -500 mmHg were investigated in order to evaluate product distribution and quality. Experimental results showed that as the reactor temperature was increased the pyrolytic carbon yield remained constant with a mean of 39.8 wt % and the pyrolytic oil yield reached a maximum value of 45.1 wt % at 500 °C. It is also possible to show that the pyrolytic oil can be used as liquid fuels because of its high heating value (40-42 MJ/kg), excellent viscosity (1.6-3.7 cS), and reasonable sulfur content (0.97-1.54wt %). In addition, chemical and physical characterization was made in order to compare the pyrolytic carbon and oil with currently fuels used in Brazilian lime industries (wood charcoal and coke of petroleum).

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98/00901 Recycling of scrap tires and other wastes in cement manufacture

Fuel and Energy Abstracts ◽

10.1016/0140-6701(98)94370-3 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 74

Keyword(s):

Scrap Tires ◽

Cement Manufacture

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Evaluation of the Potential Use of Waste Tires as Supplementary Fuel in Jordan Cement Industry

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY ◽

10.24297/jac.v11i4.2207 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 3482-3487

Author(s):

Ali F. Al-Shawabkeh

Keyword(s):

Energy Source ◽

Elemental Analysis ◽

Cement Industry ◽

Scrap Tires ◽

Heating Value ◽

Waste Tires ◽

Lower Heating Value ◽

Cement Factories ◽

Potential Use ◽

Lower Heating

Although scrap tires can cause serious environmental problems, their use as an energy source in cement industry could save considerable amounts of money. The total generated scrap tires in Jordan is estimated to be 7,862,968 per year. The elemental analysis showed that 81% of waste tires was carbon and the average of the measured lower heating value was 33845 kj/kg. Jordan has seven cement factories that produce about 14.1 million tons of cement and consume about 987000 tons of crude oil which costs about 661 million dollars. The study analyzed the use of waste tires as supplementary fuel in cement industry in Jordan. Results showed that savings could reach 6.29 million dollars if we used 20% of the generated waste tires per year in cement industry and 31.43 if the whole generated waste tires (100%) was used in cement industry.

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