Crop production and soil water storage in long-term winter wheat–fallow tillage experiments

Abstract. The energy balance of eddy covariance (EC) flux data is typically not closed. The nature of the gap is usually not known, which hampers using EC data to parameterize and test models. In the present study we cross-checked the evapotranspiration data obtained with the EC method (ETEC) against ET rates measured with the soil water balance method (ETWB) at winter wheat stands in southwest Germany. During the growing seasons 2012 and 2013, we continuously measured, in a half-hourly resolution, latent heat (LE) and sensible (H) heat fluxes using the EC technique. Measured fluxes were adjusted with either the Bowen-ratio (BR), H or LE post-closure method. ETWB was estimated based on rainfall, seepage and soil water storage measurements. The soil water storage term was determined at sixteen locations within the footprint of an EC station, by measuring the soil water content down to a soil depth of 1.5 m. In the second year, the volumetric soil water content was additionally continuously measured in 15 min resolution in 10 cm intervals down to 90 cm depth with sixteen capacitance soil moisture sensors. During the 2012 growing season, the H post-closed LE flux data (ETEC =  3.4 ± 0.6 mm day−1) corresponded closest with the result of the WB method (3.3 ± 0.3 mm day−1). ETEC adjusted by the BR (4.1 ± 0.6 mm day−1) or LE (4.9 ± 0.9 mm day−1) post-closure method were higher than the ETWB by 24 and 48 %, respectively. In 2013, ETWB was in best agreement with ETEC adjusted with the H post-closure method during the periods with low amount of rain and seepage. During these periods the BR and LE post-closure methods overestimated ET by about 46 and 70 %, respectively. During a period with high and frequent rainfalls, ETWB was in-between ETEC adjusted by H and BR post-closure methods. We conclude that, at most observation periods on our site, LE is not a major component of the energy balance gap. Our results indicate that the energy balance gap is made up by other energy fluxes and unconsidered or biased energy storage terms.

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Interaction of soil water storage and stoichiometrical characteristics in the long-term natural vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau

Ecological Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.02.026 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 116 ◽

pp. 7-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yong-wang Zhang ◽

Zhou-ping Shangguan

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Loess Plateau ◽

Water Storage ◽

Vegetation Restoration ◽

Natural Vegetation ◽

Soil Water Storage ◽

The Loess Plateau

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Photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in response to fertilizer, precipitation, and soil water storage before sowing under the ridge and furrow system: A path analysis

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology ◽

10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.03.015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 272-273 ◽

pp. 12-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zhaoyun Dong ◽

Xudong Zhang ◽

Juan Li ◽

Chun Zhang ◽

Ting Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Path Analysis ◽

Soil Water ◽

Water Storage ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Photosynthetic Characteristics ◽

Soil Water Storage ◽

System A

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Simulation of soil water storage and sowing day probabilities with fallow and no-fallow in southern New South Wales: I. Model and long term mean effects

Agricultural Systems ◽

10.1016/0308-521x(90)90050-z ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 215-240 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

R.A. Fischer ◽

J.S. Armstrong ◽

M. Stapper

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Water Storage ◽

Soil Water Storage ◽

South Wales

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Subsoiling and Sowing Time Influence Soil Water Content, Nitrogen Translocation and Yield of Dryland Winter Wheat

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9010037 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 37 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yan Liang ◽

Shahbaz Khan ◽

Ai-xia Ren ◽

Wen Lin ◽

Sumera Anwar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Soil Water ◽

Loess Plateau ◽

Water Storage ◽

Soil Water Storage ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Sowing Time ◽

N Accumulation

Dryland winter wheat in the Loess Plateau is facing a yield reduction due to a shortage of soil moisture and delayed sowing time. The field experiment was conducted at Loess Plateau in Shanxi, China from 2012 to 2015, to study the effect of subsoiling and conventional tillage and different sowing dates on the soil water storage, Nitrogen (N) accumulation, and remobilization and yield of winter wheat. The results showed that subsoiling significantly improved the soil water storage (0–300 cm soil depth) and increased the contribution of N translocation to grain N and grain yield (17–36%). Delaying sowing time had reduced the soil water storage at sowing and winter accumulated growing degree days by about 180 °C. The contribution of N translocation to grain yield was maximum in glume + spike followed by in leaves and minimum by stem + sheath. Moreover, there was a positive relationship between the N accumulation and translocation and the soil moisture in the 20–300 cm range. Subsoiling during the fallow period and the medium sowing date was beneficial for improving the soil water storage and increased the N translocation to grain, thereby increasing the yield of wheat, especially in a dry year.

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Vegetation Control in the Long-Term Self-Stabilization of the Liangzhou Oasis of the Upper Shiyang River Watershed of West-Central Gansu, Northwest China

Earth Interactions ◽

10.1175/2009ei286.1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 1-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Charles P-A. Bourque ◽

Quazi K. Hassan

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Land Surface ◽

Water Storage ◽

Qilian Mountains ◽

Soil Water Storage ◽

River Watershed ◽

Vegetation Control ◽

West Central ◽

The Qilian Mountains

Abstract This paper explores the relationship between vegetation in the Liangzhou Oasis in the Upper Shiyang River watershed (USRW) of west-central Gansu, China, and within-watershed precipitation, soil water storage, and oasis self-support. Oases along the base of the Qilian Mountains receive a significant portion of their water supply (over 90%) from surface and subsurface flow originating from the Qilian Mountains. Investigation of vegetation control on oasis water conditions in the USRW is based on an application of a process model of soil water hydrology. The model is used to simulate long-term soil water content (SWC) in the Liangzhou Oasis as a function of (i) monthly composites of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images of land surface and mean air temperature, (ii) spatiotemporal calculations of monthly precipitation and relative humidity generated with the assistance of genetic algorithms (GAs), and (iii) a 80-m-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) of the area. Modeled removal of vegetation is shown to affect within-watershed precipitation and soil water storage by reducing the exchange of water vapor from the land surface to the air, increasing the air’s lifting condensation level by promoting drier air conditions, and causing the high-intensity precipitation band in the Qilian Mountains to weaken and to be displaced upward, leading to an overall reduction of water to the Liangzhou Oasis.

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Soil water repellency influences maize yield by changing soil water availability under long-term tillage management

10.5194/soil-2021-57 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shengping Li ◽

Guopeng Liang ◽

Xueping Wu ◽

Jinjing Lu ◽

Erwan Plougonven ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Soil Water ◽

Water Availability ◽

Water Storage ◽

Water Repellency ◽

Conservation Agriculture ◽

Soil Water Availability ◽

Soil Water Storage ◽

Water Sorptivity

Abstract. Drought is increasingly common due to frequent occurrences of extreme weather events, which further increases soil water repellency (SWR) and influences grain yield. Conservation agriculture is playing a vital role in attaining high food security and it could also increase SWR. However, the relationship between SWR and grain yield under conservation agriculture is still not fully understood. We studied the impact of SWR in 0–5 cm, 5–10 cm, and 10–20 cm layers during three growth periods on grain yield from a soil water availability perspective using a long-term field experiment. In particular, we assessed the effect of SWR on soil water content under two rainfall events with different rainfall intensities. Three treatments were conducted: conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT), and no-tillage (NT). The results showed that the water repellency index (RI) of NT and RT treatments in 0–20 cm layers was increased by 12.9 %–39.9 % and 5.7 %–18.2 % compared to CT treatment during the three growth periods, respectively. The effect of the RI on soil water content became more obvious with the decrease in soil moisture following rainfall, which was also influenced by rainfall intensity. The RI played a prominent role in increasing soil water storage during the three growth periods compared to the soil total porosity, penetration resistance, mean weight diameter, and organic carbon content. Furthermore, although the increment in the RI under NT treatment increased the soil water storage, grain yield was not influenced by RI (p > 0.05) because the grain yield under NT treatment was mainly driven by penetration resistance and least limiting water range (LLWR). The higher water sorptivity increased LLWR and water use efficiency, which further increased the grain yield under RT treatment. Overall, SWR, which was characterized by water sorptivity and RI, had the potential to influence grain yield by changing soil water availability (e.g. LLWR and soil water storage) and RT treatment was the most effective tillage management compared to CT and NT treatments in improving grain yield.

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Effects of Wheat and Rapeseed Production on Soil Water Storage in Mongolian Rangeland

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11090888 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 888

Author(s):

Katori Miyasaka ◽

Takafumi Miyasaka ◽

Jumpei Ota ◽

Siilegmaa Batsukh ◽

Undarmaa Jamsran

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Crop Production ◽

Root Zone ◽

Water Storage ◽

Soil Water Storage ◽

Matric Potential ◽

Wheat Field ◽

Long Time ◽

Rapeseed Production ◽

Wilting Point

In recent years, Mongolia has witnessed an increase in not only wheat fields, which have been present for a long time, but also rapeseed fields. This has led to increasing concerns about soil degradation due to inappropriate cultivation. This study aims to determine the impacts of rapeseed production on soil water storage in Mongolia. The soil water content and matric potential were measured in wheat and rapeseed fields and adjacent steppe rangeland for five years, including crop production and fallow years, and the soil water storages in the fields were compared. The results demonstrated that the matric potential below the root zone in the rapeseed field and both rangelands was drier than the wilting point, whereas the potential in the wheat field was usually almost the same or wetter than this point. The comparison of the amount of soil water storage during the fallow year with that of the adjacent rangeland showed it to be 5–10% higher for the wheat field and almost equal for the rapeseed field. Field management must consider the fact that rapeseed fields use more water than is required by wheat fields and that less water is stored during fallow periods.

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